第一节 Hibernate 基本配置

1 新建maven工程

1）打开eclipse，依次点击File---->New---->Maven Project.

2）选择org.apache.maven.archetypes maven-archetype-quickstart选项，点击next.

3）输入Group Id: com.binyulan 输入Artifact Id: persistence.

4）点击Finish.

2 打开pom.xml，引入所需依赖

1）引入Junit，用于单元测试

<dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.10</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

2）引入hibernate，用于持久化

<dependency>
    <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId>
    <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId>
    <version>4.3.2.Final</version>
</dependency>

3）引入mysql，用于存储数据

<dependency>
    <groupId>mysql</groupId>
    <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
    <version>5.1.38</version>
</dependency>

3 创建java端domain对象，并且编写映射文件，将domain对象中的字段与数据库中的字段一一对应

1）新建domain对象com.binyulan.domain.User

package com.binyulan.domain;

import java.sql.Date;

public class User {
    private long id;
    private String name;
    private Date birthday;
    public long getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(long id) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public Date getBirthday() {
        return birthday;
    }
    public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
        this.birthday = birthday;
    }
}

2）编写映射文件User.hbm.xml

<?xml version="1.0"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-mapping PUBLIC "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Mapping DTD 3.0//EN"
"http://hibernate.sourceforge.net/hibernate-mapping-3.0.dtd">
<!-- Generated 2016-6-28 11:38:36 by Hibernate Tools 3.5.0.Final -->
<hibernate-mapping>
    <class name="com.binyulan.domain.User" table="user">
        <id name="id" type="long">
            <column name="id" />
            <generator class="native" />
        </id>
        <property name="name" type="java.lang.String">
            <column name="name" />
        </property>
        <property name="birthday" type="java.sql.Date">
            <column name="birthday" />
        </property>
    </class>
</hibernate-mapping>

4 创建hibernate配置文件，用于配置连接数据库信息，引入映射文件等。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE hibernate-configuration PUBLIC
        "-//Hibernate/Hibernate Configuration DTD 3.0//EN"
        "http://www.hibernate.org/dtd/hibernate-configuration-3.0.dtd">
<hibernate-configuration>
    <session-factory>
        <!-- 数据库驱动名称 -->
        <property name="hibernate.connection.driver_class">com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</property>
        <!-- 数据库链接地址 -->
        <property name="hibernate.connection.url">jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/binyulan</property>
        <!-- 数据库用户名称 -->
        <property name="hibernate.connection.username">root</property>
        <!-- 数据库密码 -->
        <property name="connection.password">123456</property>
        <!-- 设置数据库SQL语言类型 -->
        <property name="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLInnoDBDialect</property>
        <!-- 设置是否显示SQL语句-->
        <property name="show_sql">true</property>
        <!-- 设置是否格式化SQL语句 -->
        <property name="format_sql">true</property>
        <!-- 自动建表，取值有四种：
             create: 根据映射文件生成表， 每次执行都删除之前创建过的表
             create-drop: 根据映射文件生成表，每次执行完毕都会删除表
             update: 根据映射文件生成表，若以后表结构与映射文件不同，则更新表结构，但不会删除之前的记录，也不会删除映射文件中不存在的列
             validate: 不会根据映射文件生成表，只会校验映射文件和表结构是否一致，不一致则抛异常
        -->
        <property name="hbm2ddl.auto">update</property>
        <!-- 引入映射文件 -->
        <mapping resource="com/binyulan/domain/User.hbm.xml"/>
    </session-factory>
</hibernate-configuration>

5 编写测试类

package com.binyulan.persistence1;

import org.hibernate.HibernateException;
import org.hibernate.Session;
import org.hibernate.Transaction;
import org.hibernate.boot.registry.StandardServiceRegistryBuilder;
import org.hibernate.cfg.Configuration;
import org.hibernate.service.ServiceRegistry;
import org.junit.After;
import org.junit.Before;
import org.junit.Test;

import com.binyulan.domain.User;
public class SimpleTest {

    private Session session;
    private Transaction transaction;
    @Before
    public void init(){
        Configuration cfg = new Configuration().configure();
        ServiceRegistry serviceRegistry = new StandardServiceRegistryBuilder().applySettings(cfg.getProperties()).build();
        session = cfg.buildSessionFactory(serviceRegistry).openSession();
        transaction = session.beginTransaction();
    }

    @After
    public void destory(){
        transaction.commit();
        session.close();
    }

    @Test
    public void testSave() {
        try {
            User user = new User();
            user.setBirthday(new java.sql.Date(0));
            user.setName("abc");
            session.save(user);
        } catch (HibernateException e) {
            if (transaction != null) {
                transaction.rollback();
            }
            throw e;
        }
    }
}

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