uC/OS-II 函数之时间相关函数

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对于有热心的小伙伴在微博上私信我，说我的uC/OS-II 一些函数简介篇幅有些过于长应该分开介绍。应小伙伴的要求，特此将文章分开进行讲解。上文主要介绍了任务相关的函数，本文介绍时间相关的函数：OSTimeDly()延时节拍函数，OSTimeDlyHMSM()系统延时函数，OSTimeDlyResume()延时恢复函数

OSTimeDly()延时节拍函数

1、主要作用：调用该函数的任务将自己延时一段时间并执行一次任务调度，一旦规定的延时时间完成或有其它的任务通过调用OSTimeDlyResume()取消了延时，调用OSTimeDly()函数的任务马上进入就绪状态（前提是先将任务调度后执行的任务执行到程序尾，且调用OSTimeDly的任务此时优先级最高）。

2、函数原型：void OSTimeDly (INT16U ticks);

3、参数说明：ticks为需要延时的时钟节拍数；

4、返回值：无

5、函数主体在os_time.c中

OSTimeDlyHMSM()系统延时函数

1、主要作用：函数是以小时(H)、分(M)、秒(S)和毫秒(m)四个参数来定义延时时间的，函数在内部把这些参数转换为时钟节拍，再通过单次或多次调用OSTimeDly()进行延时和任务调度，所以延时原理和调用延时函数OSTimeDly()是一样的。调用 OSTimeDlyHMSM() 后，如果延时时间不为0，系统将立即进行任务调度。

2、函数原型：INT8U OSTimeDlyHMSM (INT8U hours，INT8U minutes，INT8U seconds，INT16U milli);

3、参数说明：

hours 为延时小时数，范围从0-255。

minutes 为延时分钟数，范围从0-59

seconds 为延时秒数，范围从0-59

milli 为延时毫秒数，范围从0-999

4、返回值说明：

OS_NO_ERR：函数调用成功。

OS_TIME_INVALID_MINUTES：参数错误，分钟数大于59。

OS_TIME_INVALID_SECONDS：参数错误，秒数大于59。

OS_TIME_INVALID_MILLI：参数错误，毫秒数大于999。

OS_TIME_ZERO_DLY：四个参数全为0。

5、函数主体在os_time.c中

OSTimeDlyResume()延时恢复函数

1、主要作用：任务在延时之后，进入阻塞态。当延时时间到了就从阻塞态恢复到就绪态，可以被操作系统调度执行。但是，并非回到就绪态就只有这么一种可能，因为即便任务的延时时间没到，还是可以通过函数OSTimeDlyResume恢复该任务到就绪态的。另外，OSTimeDlyResume也不仅仅能恢复使用OSTimeDly或OSTimeDlyHMSM而延时的任务。对于因等待事件发生而阻塞的，并且设置了超时（timeout）时间的任务，也可以使用OSTimeDlyResume来恢复。对这些任务使用了OSTimeDlyResume，就好像已经等待超时了一样。但是，对于采用OSTaskSuspend挂起的任务，是不允许采用OSTimeDlyResume来恢复的。

2、函数原型：INT8U OSTimeDlyResume (INT8U prio)

3.参数说明：prio 被恢复任务的优先级

4、返回值：

OS_ERR_TASK_NOT_EXIST：任务优先级指针表中没有此任务

OS_NO_ERR：函数调用成功。

OS_ERR_PRIO_INVALID：参数指定的优先级大于或等于OS_LOWEST_PRIO。

OS_ERR_TIME_NOT_DLY：任务没有被延时阻塞

5、函数主体在os_time.c中

附os_time.c代码

/*
*********************************************************************************************************
*                                                uC/OS-II
*                                          The Real-Time Kernel
*                                             TIME MANAGEMENT
*
*                              (c) Copyright 1992-2013, Micrium, Weston, FL
*                                           All Rights Reserved
*
* File    : OS_TIME.C
* By      : Jean J. Labrosse
* Version : V2.92.08
*
* LICENSING TERMS:
* ---------------
*   uC/OS-II is provided in source form for FREE evaluation, for educational use or for peaceful research.
* If you plan on using  uC/OS-II  in a commercial product you need to contact Micrium to properly license
* its use in your product. We provide ALL the source code for your convenience and to help you experience
* uC/OS-II.   The fact that the  source is provided does  NOT  mean that you can use it without  paying a
* licensing fee.
*********************************************************************************************************
*/

#define  MICRIUM_SOURCE

#ifndef  OS_MASTER_FILE
#include <ucos_ii.h>
#endif

/*
*********************************************************************************************************
*                                        DELAY TASK 'n' TICKS
*
* Description: This function is called to delay execution of the currently running task until the
*              specified number of system ticks expires.  This, of course, directly equates to delaying
*              the current task for some time to expire.  No delay will result If the specified delay is
*              0.  If the specified delay is greater than 0 then, a context switch will result.
*
* Arguments  : ticks     is the time delay that the task will be suspended in number of clock 'ticks'.
*                        Note that by specifying 0, the task will not be delayed.
*
* Returns    : none
*********************************************************************************************************
*/

void  OSTimeDly (INT32U ticks)
{
    INT8U      y;
#if OS_CRITICAL_METHOD == 3u                     /* Allocate storage for CPU status register           */
    OS_CPU_SR  cpu_sr = 0u;
#endif

    if (OSIntNesting > 0u) {                     /* See if trying to call from an ISR                  */
        return;
    }
    if (OSLockNesting > 0u) {                    /* See if called with scheduler locked                */
        return;
    }
    if (ticks > 0u) {                            /* 0 means no delay!                                  */
        OS_ENTER_CRITICAL();
        y            =  OSTCBCur->OSTCBY;        /* Delay current task                                 */
        OSRdyTbl[y] &= (OS_PRIO)~OSTCBCur->OSTCBBitX;
        if (OSRdyTbl[y] == 0u) {
            OSRdyGrp &= (OS_PRIO)~OSTCBCur->OSTCBBitY;
        }
        OSTCBCur->OSTCBDly = ticks;              /* Load ticks in TCB                                  */
        OS_EXIT_CRITICAL();
        OS_Sched();                              /* Find next task to run!                             */
    }
}
/*$PAGE*/
/*
*********************************************************************************************************
*                                    DELAY TASK FOR SPECIFIED TIME
*
* Description: This function is called to delay execution of the currently running task until some time
*              expires.  This call allows you to specify the delay time in HOURS, MINUTES, SECONDS and
*              MILLISECONDS instead of ticks.
*
* Arguments  : hours     specifies the number of hours that the task will be delayed (max. is 255)
*              minutes   specifies the number of minutes (max. 59)
*              seconds   specifies the number of seconds (max. 59)
*              ms        specifies the number of milliseconds (max. 999)
*
* Returns    : OS_ERR_NONE
*              OS_ERR_TIME_INVALID_MINUTES
*              OS_ERR_TIME_INVALID_SECONDS
*              OS_ERR_TIME_INVALID_MS
*              OS_ERR_TIME_ZERO_DLY
*              OS_ERR_TIME_DLY_ISR
*
* Note(s)    : The resolution on the milliseconds depends on the tick rate.  For example, you can't do
*              a 10 mS delay if the ticker interrupts every 100 mS.  In this case, the delay would be
*              set to 0.  The actual delay is rounded to the nearest tick.
*********************************************************************************************************
*/

#if OS_TIME_DLY_HMSM_EN > 0u
INT8U  OSTimeDlyHMSM (INT8U   hours,
                      INT8U   minutes,
                      INT8U   seconds,
                      INT16U  ms)
{
    INT32U ticks;

    if (OSIntNesting > 0u) {                     /* See if trying to call from an ISR                  */
        return (OS_ERR_TIME_DLY_ISR);
    }
    if (OSLockNesting > 0u) {                    /* See if called with scheduler locked                */
        return (OS_ERR_SCHED_LOCKED);
    }
#if OS_ARG_CHK_EN > 0u
    if (hours == 0u) {
        if (minutes == 0u) {
            if (seconds == 0u) {
                if (ms == 0u) {
                    return (OS_ERR_TIME_ZERO_DLY);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    if (minutes > 59u) {
        return (OS_ERR_TIME_INVALID_MINUTES);    /* Validate arguments to be within range              */
    }
    if (seconds > 59u) {
        return (OS_ERR_TIME_INVALID_SECONDS);
    }
    if (ms > 999u) {
        return (OS_ERR_TIME_INVALID_MS);
    }
#endif
                                                 /* Compute the total number of clock ticks required.. */
                                                 /* .. (rounded to the nearest tick)                   */
    ticks = ((INT32U)hours * 3600uL + (INT32U)minutes * 60uL + (INT32U)seconds) * OS_TICKS_PER_SEC
          + OS_TICKS_PER_SEC * ((INT32U)ms + 500uL / OS_TICKS_PER_SEC) / 1000uL;
    OSTimeDly(ticks);
    return (OS_ERR_NONE);
}
#endif
/*$PAGE*/
/*
*********************************************************************************************************
*                                        RESUME A DELAYED TASK
*
* Description: This function is used resume a task that has been delayed through a call to either
*              OSTimeDly() or OSTimeDlyHMSM().  Note that you can call this function to resume a
*              task that is waiting for an event with timeout.  This would make the task look
*              like a timeout occurred.
*
* Arguments  : prio                      specifies the priority of the task to resume
*
* Returns    : OS_ERR_NONE               Task has been resumed
*              OS_ERR_PRIO_INVALID       if the priority you specify is higher that the maximum allowed
*                                        (i.e. >= OS_LOWEST_PRIO)
*              OS_ERR_TIME_NOT_DLY       Task is not waiting for time to expire
*              OS_ERR_TASK_NOT_EXIST     The desired task has not been created or has been assigned to a Mutex.
*********************************************************************************************************
*/

#if OS_TIME_DLY_RESUME_EN > 0u
INT8U  OSTimeDlyResume (INT8U prio)
{
    OS_TCB    *ptcb;
#if OS_CRITICAL_METHOD == 3u                                   /* Storage for CPU status register      */
    OS_CPU_SR  cpu_sr = 0u;
#endif

    if (prio >= OS_LOWEST_PRIO) {
        return (OS_ERR_PRIO_INVALID);
    }
    OS_ENTER_CRITICAL();
    ptcb = OSTCBPrioTbl[prio];                                 /* Make sure that task exist            */
    if (ptcb == (OS_TCB *)0) {
        OS_EXIT_CRITICAL();
        return (OS_ERR_TASK_NOT_EXIST);                        /* The task does not exist              */
    }
    if (ptcb == OS_TCB_RESERVED) {
        OS_EXIT_CRITICAL();
        return (OS_ERR_TASK_NOT_EXIST);                        /* The task does not exist              */
    }
    if (ptcb->OSTCBDly == 0u) {                                /* See if task is delayed               */
        OS_EXIT_CRITICAL();
        return (OS_ERR_TIME_NOT_DLY);                          /* Indicate that task was not delayed   */
    }

    ptcb->OSTCBDly = 0u;                                       /* Clear the time delay                 */
    if ((ptcb->OSTCBStat & OS_STAT_PEND_ANY) != OS_STAT_RDY) {
        ptcb->OSTCBStat     &= ~OS_STAT_PEND_ANY;              /* Yes, Clear status flag               */
        ptcb->OSTCBStatPend  =  OS_STAT_PEND_TO;               /* Indicate PEND timeout                */
    } else {
        ptcb->OSTCBStatPend  =  OS_STAT_PEND_OK;
    }
    if ((ptcb->OSTCBStat & OS_STAT_SUSPEND) == OS_STAT_RDY) {  /* Is task suspended?                   */
        OSRdyGrp               |= ptcb->OSTCBBitY;             /* No,  Make ready                      */
        OSRdyTbl[ptcb->OSTCBY] |= ptcb->OSTCBBitX;
        OS_EXIT_CRITICAL();
        OS_Sched();                                            /* See if this is new highest priority  */
    } else {
        OS_EXIT_CRITICAL();                                    /* Task may be suspended                */
    }
    return (OS_ERR_NONE);
}
#endif
/*$PAGE*/
/*
*********************************************************************************************************
*                                       GET CURRENT SYSTEM TIME
*
* Description: This function is used by your application to obtain the current value of the 32-bit
*              counter which keeps track of the number of clock ticks.
*
* Arguments  : none
*
* Returns    : The current value of OSTime
*********************************************************************************************************
*/

#if OS_TIME_GET_SET_EN > 0u
INT32U  OSTimeGet (void)
{
    INT32U     ticks;
#if OS_CRITICAL_METHOD == 3u                     /* Allocate storage for CPU status register           */
    OS_CPU_SR  cpu_sr = 0u;
#endif

    OS_ENTER_CRITICAL();
    ticks = OSTime;
    OS_EXIT_CRITICAL();
    return (ticks);
}
#endif

/*
*********************************************************************************************************
*                                          SET SYSTEM CLOCK
*
* Description: This function sets the 32-bit counter which keeps track of the number of clock ticks.
*
* Arguments  : ticks      specifies the new value that OSTime needs to take.
*
* Returns    : none
*********************************************************************************************************
*/

#if OS_TIME_GET_SET_EN > 0u
void  OSTimeSet (INT32U ticks)
{
#if OS_CRITICAL_METHOD == 3u                     /* Allocate storage for CPU status register           */
    OS_CPU_SR  cpu_sr = 0u;
#endif

    OS_ENTER_CRITICAL();
    OSTime = ticks;
    OS_EXIT_CRITICAL();
}
#endif