CentOS 7.4 64位安装配置MySQL8.0

第一步：获取mysql YUM源

进入mysql官网获取RPM包下载地址
https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/repo/yum/

 

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点击下载

 

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获取到下载链接：
https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

---

第二步：下载和安装mysql源

• 进入mysql文件夹，没有的自行创建

[root@VM_0_10_centos /]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]#

• 下载源安装包

[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
--2018-08-04 10:29:39--  https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.219.33.198
Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.219.33.198|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 25820 (25K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
Saving to: ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm’
100%[==========================================================================>] 25,820       112KB/s   in 0.2s   
2018-08-04 10:29:40 (112 KB/s) - ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm’ saved [25820/25820]
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# ll
total 28
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25820 Apr 18 13:24 mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]#

• 安装mysql源

[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm

第三步：在线安装MySQL

[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y install mysql-community-server

下载东西比较多，等几分钟。

第四步：启动Mysql服务

[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl start mysqld

第五步：设置开机启动

[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl daemon-reload

第六步：修改root本地登录密码

mysql安装完成之后，在/var/log/mysqld.log文件中给root生成了一个临时的默认密码。用grep命令搜一下

[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# grep "A temporary password is generated for root@localhost" /var/log/mysqld.log
2018-08-02T02:19:55.829527Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: !J:KUwU9y0ZR
2018-08-02T04:49:34.979689Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: pw</s9,Wivm2
2018-08-04T02:40:46.781768Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: nNyK,Y)Wd0-G
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]#

这里有三条搜索结果，因为我重复装了3次MySQL，如果第一次安装是只会有一条的。
直接拿到临时默认密码 : nNyK,Y)Wd0-G

• 登录MySQL

[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.12
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>

• 更改root账户临时密码

mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql>

Pwd123@easyoh.net 请替换成你自己的密码。
(备注 mysql8.0默认密码策略要求密码必须是大小写字母数字特殊字母的组合，至少8位)

第七步：创建新用户、授权、远程登录（不要直接使用root账户登录）

• 创建easyoh-mp用户并且授权远程登录

mysql> CREATE USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'easyoh-mp'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql>

• 在sqlyog客户端用easyoh-mp账户登录（其他客户端也可以，随意）

 

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发现会报plugin caching_sha2_password错误。这是因为MySQL8.0密码策略默认为caching_sha2_password。与5.7有所不同。

• 进入MySQL数据库查询user表信息

mysql> use mysql;
Database changed
mysql> select user,host,plugin from user;
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
| user             | host      | plugin                |
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
| easyoh-mp        | %         | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.session    | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.sys        | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| root             | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>

发现确实是caching_sha2_password

• 依次执行下面语句

mysql> ALTER USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> ALTER USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql>

再次登录就可以登录成功了。

第8步：编码

mysql> show variables like '%character%';
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8mb4                        |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4                        |
| character_set_database   | utf8mb4                        |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                         |
| character_set_results    | utf8mb4                        |
| character_set_server     | utf8mb4                        |
| character_set_system     | utf8                           |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
mysql>

MySQL8.0默认就是utf8mb4编码，无需更改。
OK 至此 Mysql安装配置完毕；

全流程操作记录

[root@VM_0_10_centos ~]#
[root@VM_0_10_centos /]# cd /usr/local/mysql/
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# wget https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
--2018-08-04 10:29:39--  https://repo.mysql.com//mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
Resolving repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)... 23.219.33.198
Connecting to repo.mysql.com (repo.mysql.com)|23.219.33.198|:443... connected.
HTTP request sent, awaiting response... 200 OK
Length: 25820 (25K) [application/x-redhat-package-manager]
Saving to: ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm’
100%[==========================================================================>] 25,820       112KB/s   in 0.2s   
2018-08-04 10:29:40 (112 KB/s) - ‘mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm’ saved [25820/25820]
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# ll
total 28
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 25820 Apr 18 13:24 mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y localinstall mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Examining mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm: mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch
Marking mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch.rpm to be installed
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql80-community-release.noarch 0:el7-1 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                 Arch                                 Version                                Repository                                                             Size
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql80-community-release                               noarch                               el7-1                                  /mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch                                31 k
Transaction Summary
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package
Total size: 31 k
Installed size: 31 k
Downloading packages:
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
Warning: RPMDB altered outside of yum.
  Installing : mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch                                                                                                                                                        1/1
  Verifying  : mysql80-community-release-el7-1.noarch                                                                                                                                                        1/1 
Installed:
  mysql80-community-release.noarch 0:el7-1                                                                                                                                                                       
Complete!
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# yum -y install mysql-community-server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, langpacks
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
epel                                                                                                                                                                                                 12641/12641
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-common(x86-64) = 8.0.12-1.el7 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-client(x86-64) >= 8.0.0 for package: mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed
--> Processing Dependency: mysql-community-libs(x86-64) >= 8.0.0 for package: mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64
---> Package mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed
--> Running transaction check
---> Package mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7 will be installed
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
 Package                                                   Arch                                      Version                                          Repository                                            Size
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
 mysql-community-server                                    x86_64                                    8.0.12-1.el7                                     mysql80-community                                    349 M
Installing for dependencies:
 mysql-community-client                                    x86_64                                    8.0.12-1.el7                                     mysql80-community                                     26 M
 mysql-community-common                                    x86_64                                    8.0.12-1.el7                                     mysql80-community                                    541 k
 mysql-community-libs                                      x86_64                                    8.0.12-1.el7                                     mysql80-community                                    2.2 M
Transaction Summary
=================================================================================================================================================================================================================
Install  1 Package (+3 Dependent packages)
Total download size: 377 M
Installed size: 1.7 G
Downloading packages:
(1/4): mysql-community-common-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                     | 541 kB  00:00:05
(2/4): mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                     |  26 MB  00:00:12
(3/4): mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                     | 349 MB  00:02:26
(4/4): mysql-community-libs-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64.rpm                                                                                                                                       | 2.2 MB  00:03:37
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total                                                                                                                                                                            1.7 MB/s | 377 MB  00:03:43
Running transaction check
Running transaction test
Transaction test succeeded
Running transaction
  Installing : mysql-community-common-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                    1/4
  Installing : mysql-community-libs-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                      2/4
  Installing : mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                    3/4
  Installing : mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                    4/4
  Verifying  : mysql-community-common-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                    1/4
  Verifying  : mysql-community-libs-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                      2/4
  Verifying  : mysql-community-client-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                    3/4
  Verifying  : mysql-community-server-8.0.12-1.el7.x86_64                                                                                                                                                    4/4 
Installed:
  mysql-community-server.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7                                                                                                                                                                   
Dependency Installed:
  mysql-community-client.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7                          mysql-community-common.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7                          mysql-community-libs.x86_64 0:8.0.12-1.el7                         
Complete!
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl start mysqld
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl enable mysqld
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# systemctl daemon-reload
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# grep "A temporary password is generated for root@localhost" /var/log/mysqld.log
2018-08-02T02:19:55.829527Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: !J:KUwU9y0ZR
2018-08-02T04:49:34.979689Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: pw</s9,Wivm2
2018-08-04T02:40:46.781768Z 5 [Note] [MY-010454] [Server] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: nNyK,Y)Wd0-G
[root@VM_0_10_centos mysql]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.12
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> ALTER USER 'root'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> CREATE USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> GRANT ALL ON *.* TO 'easyoh-mp'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.03 sec)
mysql> use mysql;
Database changed
mysql> select user,host,plugin from user;
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
| user             | host      | plugin                |
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
| easyoh-mp        | %         | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.infoschema | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.session    | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| mysql.sys        | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
| root             | localhost | caching_sha2_password |
+------------------+-----------+-----------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> ALTER USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net' PASSWORD EXPIRE NEVER;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.04 sec)
mysql> ALTER USER 'easyoh-mp'@'%' IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY 'Pwd123@easyoh.net';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.05 sec)
mysql> FLUSH PRIVILEGES;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> show variables like '%character%';
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
| Variable_name            | Value                          |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
| character_set_client     | utf8mb4                        |
| character_set_connection | utf8mb4                        |
| character_set_database   | utf8mb4                        |
| character_set_filesystem | binary                         |
| character_set_results    | utf8mb4                        |
| character_set_server     | utf8mb4                        |
| character_set_system     | utf8                           |
| character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql-8.0/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+--------------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)

这里有个问题，新密码设置的时候如果设置的过于简单会报错：

原因是因为MySQL有密码设置的规范，具体是与validate_password_policy的值有关：

MySQL完整的初始密码规则可以通过如下命令查看：

mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'validate_password%';
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name                        | Value |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
| validate_password_check_user_name    | OFF   |
| validate_password_dictionary_file    |       |
| validate_password_length             | 4     |
| validate_password_mixed_case_count   | 1     |
| validate_password_number_count       | 1     |
| validate_password_policy             | LOW   |
| validate_password_special_char_count | 1     |
+--------------------------------------+-------+
7 rows in set (0.01 sec)

密码的长度是由validate_password_length决定的，而validate_password_length的计算公式是：

validate_password_length = validate_password_number_count + validate_password_special_char_count + (2 * validate_password_mixed_case_count)

我的是已经修改过的，初始情况下第一个的值是ON，validate_password_length是8。可以通过如下命令修改：

mysql> set global validate_password_policy=0;
mysql> set global validate_password_length=1;