CentOS yum源设定使用方法的整理(转)

CentOS yum更新了很多版本更新，我本人认为CentOS yum很好使的文件系统，在此向大家推荐CentOS应该是做为服务器的linux的佼佼者。CentOS采用的二进制包是rpm，不过包的依赖性解决有时候却是个问题。

我比较喜欢debian的apt,非常方便。以前以为RedHat linux没这么方便，后来发现CentOS yum是个不错的东西。CentOS yum的使用和apt有几分相似，这样一来对于许多包的安装就方便多了。

这篇文章主要讲两点内容，一是CentOS yum使用方法的整理;二是找一个比较快的国内的源，这样一来，CentOS yum的大体使用过程就解决了。

1. 1.yum的使用:
2. 1)包的更新
3. 1.1)检查可更新包: yum check-update
4. 1.2)更新所有包: yum update
5. 1.3)更新指定包: yum update package_name
6. 1.4)版本升级: yum upgrade
7. 2)包安装与删除
8. 2.1)yum install package_name
9. 2.2)yum remove package_name
10. 3)包搜索
11. 3.1)搜索特定包: yum search package_name
12. 3.2)搜索包含特定文件名的包:yum provides name
13. 4)包列表
14. 4.1)列出所有安装或更新的包: yum list
15. 4.2)列出指定包:yum list name
16. 4.3)列出可更新包:yum list updates
17. 4.4)列出已安装包:yum list installed
18. 4.5)列出已安装但不包含在资源库中的包:yum list extras

CentOS yum源设定

1. 2.1)加快yum下载速度: yum -y install yum-fastestmirror,在CentOs 4上名字叫做yum-plugin-fastestmirror
2. 2.2)yum源文件:/etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo
3. 2.3)CentOS 5的yum源设为上海交通大学网站
4. CentOS-Base.repo
5. [base]
6. name=CentOS-5 - Base
7. #mirrorlist=http://mirrorlist.centos.org/?release=$releasever5&arch=$basearch&
8. repo=os
9. #baseurl=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/$releasever/os/$basearch/
10. baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/os/$basearch/
11. gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
12. #released updates
13. [update]
14. name=CentOS-5 - Updates
15. #&arch=$basearch&repo=updates
16. baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/updates/$basearch/
17. gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
18. #packages used/produced in the build but not released
19. [addons]
20. name=CentOS-5 - Addons
21. #&arch=$basearch&repo=addons
22. baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/addons/$basearch/
23. gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
24. #additional packages that may be useful
25. [extras]
26. name=CentOS-5 - Extras
27. #&arch=$basearch&repo=extras
28. baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/extras/$basearch/
29. gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
30. #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
31. [centosplus]
32. name=CentOS-5 - Plus
33. #&arch=$basearch&repo=centosplus
34. baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/centosplus/$basearch/
35. gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5
36. #contrib - packages by Centos Users
37. [contrib]
38. name=CentOS-5 - Contrib
39. #&arch=$basearch&repo=contrib
40. baseurl=http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/contrib/$basearch/
41. gpgkey=http://mirror.centos.org/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-centos5

a.执行64位：rpm --import http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/os/x86_64/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-532位：rpm --import http://ftp.sjtu.edu.cn/centos/5.0/os/i386/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5b.执行 yum update.2.4)设置CentOS yum源为国内服务器

1. # CentOS-Base.repo
2. #
3. # This file uses a new mirrorlist system developed by Lance Davis for CentOS.
4. # The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
5. # update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
6. # geographically close to the client. You should use this for CentOS updates
7. # unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
8. #
9. # If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the
10. # remarked out baseurl= line instead.
11. #
12. [base]
13. name=CentOS-5 - Base
14. baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/os/i386/
15. #released updates
16. [update]
17. name=CentOS-5 - Updates
18. baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/updates/i386/
19. #packages used/produced in the build but not released
20. [addons]
21. name=CentOS-5 - Addons
22. baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/addons/i386/
23. #additional packages that may be useful
24. [extras]
25. name=CentOS-5 - Extras
26. baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/extras/i386/
27. #additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
28. [centosplus]
29. name=CentOS-5 - Plus
30. baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/centosplus/i386/
31. #contrib - packages by Centos Users
32. [contrib]
33. name=CentOS-5 - Contrib
34. baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/contrib/i386/
35. #packages in testing
36. [testing]
37. name=CentOS-5 - Testing
38. baseurl=http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/testing/i386/

a.执行:rpm --import http://mirror.be10.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5 3.这一篇文章只是就yum的基本使用进行整理，尚有许多未涉及到的地方。不过基本的使用已经足够。

http://os.51cto.com/art/201002/184587.htm