基于Keepalived+Varnish+Nginx实现的高可用LAMP架构

注意:各节点的时间需要同步(ntpdate ntp1.aliyun.com),关闭firewalld(systemctl stop firewalld.service,systemctl disable firewalld.service),设置selinux为permissive(setenforce 0 或 vim /etc/selinux/config);同时确保DR1和DR2节点的网卡支持MULTICAST(多播)通信。通过命令ifconfig可以查看到是否开启了MULTICAST:

搭建RS1(RS1提供mariadb服务和静态资源)

[root@RS1 Desktop]# yum -y install mariadb-server httpd
[root@RS1 Desktop]# vim /etc/my.cnf
[mysqld]
...
skip-name-resolve=ON
innodb-file-per-table=ON
...
[root@RS1 Desktop]# systemctl start mariadb
[root@RS1 Desktop]# mysql_secure_installation #进行数据库相关安全设置
...
[root@RS1 Desktop]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
MariaDB [(none)]> create database wordpress;
MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on wordpress.* to 'wpuser'@'10.10.0.%' identified by '123456';
MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;
MariaDB [(none)]> exit;
[root@RS1 Desktop]# wget https://cn.wordpress.org/wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz
[root@RS1 Desktop]# tar xf wordpress-4.9.4-zh_CN.tar.gz -C /var/www/html
[root@RS1 Desktop]# vim /var/www/html/index.html
<h1>10.10.0.21 server</h1>
[root@RS1 Desktop]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost.conf
<virtualhost *:80>
servername www.test.org
DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
Documentroot /var/www/html
ProxyRequests off
ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://10.10.0.22:9000/var/www/html/$1
ProxyPassMatch ^/(ping|status)$ fcgi://10.10.0.22:9000/$1
<Directory />
options FollowSymlinks
Allowoverride none
Require all granted
</Directory>
</virtualhost>
[root@RS1 Desktop]# systemctl start httpd
[root@RS1 Desktop]# /var/www/html/wordpress/wp-config-sample.php /var/www/html/wordpress/wp-config.php
[root@RS1 Desktop]# vim /var/www/html/wordpress/wp-config.php #关联wordpress数据库
define('DB_NAME', 'wordpress');
define('DB_USER', 'wpuser');
define('DB_PASSWORD', '123456');
define('DB_HOST', '10.10.0.21');
[root@RS1 Desktop]# scp /var/www/html/wordpress 10.10.0.22:/var/www/html/ #复制wordpress到22的主机

搭建RS2(RS2提供动态资源)

[root@RS2 Desktop]# yum -y httpd php-fpm php-mysql php-mbstring php-mcrypt
[root@RS2 Desktop]# vim /var/www/html/index.html
<h1>10.10.0.22 server</h1>
[root@RS2 Desktop]# vim /etc/httpd/conf.d/vhost.conf
<virtualhost *:80>
servername www.test.org
DirectoryIndex index.html index.php
Documentroot /var/www/html
ProxyRequests off
ProxyPassMatch ^/(.*\.php)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/var/www/html/$1
ProxyPassMatch ^/(ping|status)$ fcgi://127.0.0.1:9000/$1
<Directory />
options FollowSymlinks
Allowoverride none
Require all granted
</Directory>
</virtualhost>
[root@RS2 Desktop]# systemctl start httpd
[root@RS2 Desktop]# vim /etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf
listen = 0.0.0.0:9000
; listen.allowed_clients = 127.0.0.1 #注释此句,允许其他主机远程访问
pm.status_path = /status
ping.path = /ping
ping.response = pong
[root@RS2 Desktop]# chown apache:apache /var/lib/php/session
[root@RS2 Desktop]# systemctl start php-fpm

搭建DR1

[root@DR1 Desktop]# yum install -y nginx keepalived
[root@DR1 Desktop]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf #配置nginx反代
http {
...
upstream websrvs {
server 10.10.0.21:80;
server 10.10.0.22:80;
server 127.0.0.1:80 backup;
} server {
listen 80;
include /etc/nginx/default.d/*.conf;
location / {
proxy_pass http://websrvs;
proxy_set_header host $http_host;
proxy_set_header X-Forward-For $remote_addr;
}
...
}
[root@DR1 Desktop]# vim /etc/nginx/conf.d/localhost.conf #配置nginx本地服务
server{
listen 127.0.0.1:80;
root /usr/share/nginx/html;
index index.html;
}
[root@DR1 Desktop]# vim /usr/share/nginx/html/index.html
<h1>Balance Server DR1</h1>
[root@DR1 Desktop]# nginx -t #检查nginx语法
[root@DR1 Desktop]# systemctl start nginx
[root@DR1 Desktop]# vim /etc/keepalived/keepalived.conf #配置keepalived
global_defs {
notification_email {
root@localhost
}
notification_email_from keepalived@localhost
smtp_server 127.0.0.1
smtp_connect_timeout 30
router_id dr1
vrrp_skip_check_adv_addr
vrrp_mcast_group4 224.0.0.111
} vrrp_script chk_ngx { #检查此服务器的nginx进程是否存在,如果不存在则减权
#kill -0 PID,0信号量不发送任何信号但系统会进行错误检查,经常用来检查一个进程是否存在,存在返回0,不存在返回1
script "killall -0 nginx 2> /dev/null && exit 0 || exit 1"
weight -10
interval 1
fall 3
rise 3
} vrrp_instance VIP_1 {
state MASTER
interface eno16777736
virtual_router_id 1
priority 100
advert_int 1
authentication {
auth_type PASS
auth_pass 1111@#$%
}
track_script {
chk_ngx
}
virtual_ipaddress {
192.168.4.120/24 dev eno16777736 label eno16777736:0
}
[root@DR1 Desktop]# systemctl start keepalived.service

搭建DR2,参考DR1自行搭建

客户端测试

[root@client Desktop]# for i in {1..20}; do curl http://192.168.4.120; done
<h1>10.10.0.21 server</h1>
<h1>10.10.0.22 server</h1>
<h1>10.10.0.21 server</h1>
<h1>10.10.0.22 server</h1>
<h1>10.10.0.21 server</h1>
<h1>10.10.0.22 server</h1>
<h1>10.10.0.21 server</h1>
<h1>10.10.0.22 server</h1>
<h1>10.10.0.21 server</h1>
<h1>10.10.0.22 server</h1>
<h1>10.10.0.21 server</h1>
<h1>10.10.0.22 server</h1>
<h1>10.10.0.21 server</h1>
<h1>10.10.0.22 server</h1>
<h1>10.10.0.21 server</h1>
<h1>10.10.0.22 server</h1>
<h1>10.10.0.21 server</h1>
<h1>10.10.0.22 server</h1>
<h1>10.10.0.21 server</h1>
<h1>10.10.0.22 server</h1>
[root@client Desktop]# ab -c 100 -n 10000 http://192.168.4.120/wordpress #对动态页面进行压测
This is ApacheBench, Version 2.3 <$Revision: 1430300 $>
Copyright 1996 Adam Twiss, Zeus Technology Ltd, http://www.zeustech.net/
Licensed to The Apache Software Foundation, http://www.apache.org/ Benchmarking 192.168.4.120 (be patient)
Completed 1000 requests
Completed 2000 requests
Completed 3000 requests
Completed 4000 requests
Completed 5000 requests
Completed 6000 requests
Completed 7000 requests
Completed 8000 requests
Completed 9000 requests
Completed 10000 requests
Finished 10000 requests Server Software: nginx/1.12.2
Server Hostname: 192.168.4.120
Server Port: 80 Document Path: /wordpress
Document Length: 239 bytes Concurrency Level: 100
Time taken for tests: 4.685 seconds
Complete requests: 10000
Failed requests: 0
Write errors: 0
Non-2xx responses: 10000
Total transferred: 4600000 bytes
HTML transferred: 2390000 bytes
Requests per second: 2134.44 [#/sec] (mean)
Time per request: 46.851 [ms] (mean)
Time per request: 0.469 [ms] (mean, across all concurrent requests)
Transfer rate: 958.83 [Kbytes/sec] received Connection Times (ms)
min mean[+/-sd] median max
Connect: 0 1 4.8 0 51
Processing: 10 45 7.4 46 67
Waiting: 1 44 7.8 46 67
Total: 12 47 6.5 46 89 Percentage of the requests served within a certain time (ms)
50% 46
66% 47
75% 48
80% 49
90% 53
95% 58
98% 63
99% 67
100% 89 (longest request)

配置Varnish服务器

[root@Varnish Desktop]# yum install varnish
[root@Varnish Desktop]# vim /etc/varnish/varnish.params
RELOAD_VCL=1
VARNISH_VCL_CONF=/etc/varnish/default.vcl
VARNISH_LISTEN_PORT=6081
VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_ADDRESS=10.10.0.23
VARNISH_ADMIN_LISTEN_PORT=6082
VARNISH_SECRET_FILE=/etc/varnish/secret
VARNISH_STORAGE="file,/data/cache,1G" #需要先创建好/data目录
VARNISH_USER=varnish
VARNISH_GROUP=varnish
[root@Varnish Desktop]# vim /etc/varnish/default.vcl #修改配置文件,添加VCL规则
vcl 4.0;
import directors;
probe web_healthchk { #定义后端健康监测机制
.url="/index.html";
.interval=2s;
.timeout=1s;
.window=5;
.threshold=3;
}
backend RS1 { #定义后端RS1
.host="10.10.0.21";
.port="80";
.probe=web_healthchk;
}
backend RS2 { #定义后端RS2
.host="10.10.0.22";
.port="80";
.probe=web_healthchk;
}
sub vcl_init { #初始化服务器
new WEBGROUP=directors.round_robin();
WEBGROUP.add_backend(RS1);
WEBGROUP.add_backend(RS2);
}
acl PURGERS { #定义可用于purge操作的ip来源
"127.0.0.1";
"10.10.0.0"/24;
}
sub vcl_recv {
if(req.http.Authorization || req.http.Cookie) { #认证及cookie不缓存
return(pass);
}
if(req.method != "GET" && req.method != "HEAD") { #除了get和head以外的请求方法不缓存
return(pass);
}
if(req.url ~ "index.php") { #动态资源不缓存
return(pass);
}
if(req.method == "PURGE") { #purge方法清理缓存
if(client.ip ~ PURGERS) {
return(purge);
}
}
if(req.http.X-Forward-For) { #为发往后端主机添加的请求报文添加X-Forward-For的首部
set req.http.X-Forward-For = req.http.X-Forward-For+","+client.ip;
}else {
set req.http.X-Forward-For = client.ip;
}
set req.backend_hint = WEBGROUP.backend(); #调用服务器组
return(hash);
}
sub vcl_hash {
hash_data(req.url);
}
sub vcl_backend_response { #自定义缓存时长
if(bereq.url ~ "\.(jpg|jpeg|gif|png)$") {
set beresp.ttl = 1d;
}
if(bereq.url ~ "\.(html|css|js)$") {
set beresp.ttl = 12h;
}
if(beresp.http.Set-Cookie) {
set beresp.grace = 600s;
return(deliver);
}
}
sub vcl_deliver {
if(obj.hits > 0) { #为响应报文添加X-Cache的首部,标识缓存是否命中
set resp.http.X-Cache = "Hit from "+server.ip;
}else {
set resp.http.X-Cache = "Miss";
}
}
[root@Varnish Desktop]# systemctl start varnish.service
[root@Varnish Desktop]# ss -tan
State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port
LISTEN 0 5 192.168.122.1:53 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:22 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 127.0.0.1:631 *:*
LISTEN 0 100 127.0.0.1:25 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 *:6081 *:*
LISTEN 0 10 10.10.0.23:6082 *:*
LISTEN 0 128 :::22 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 ::1:631 :::*
LISTEN 0 100 ::1:25 :::*
LISTEN 0 128 :::6081 :::*

修改DR1和DR2定义的代理服务器组(DR2的修改参考DR1)

[root@DR1 Desktop]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
...
upstream websrvs {
#server 10.10.0.21:80;
#server 10.10.0.22:80;
server 10.10.0.23:6081; #转发到Varnish服务器
server 127.0.0.1:80 backup;
}
...
[root@DR2 Desktop]# systemctl reload nginx.service

客户端再次测试

LAMP+Varnish的实现的更多相关文章

  1. Varnish+Xcache构建高性能WEB构架初探

    本文主要讲述web优化方案和缓存工具的调研及使用.根据目前的测试结果来看,采用varnish+xcache作为 apache和 php缓存这种架构具有高并发.高稳定性,易扩展等优点,服务器的动态请求处 ...

  2. varnish学习以及CDN的原理

    一.varnish学习Web Page Cache: squid --> varnish 程序的运行具有局部性特征: 时间局部性:一个数据被访问过之后,可能很快会被再次访问到: 空间局部性:一个 ...

  3. Linux安装LAMP开发环境及配置文件管理

    Linux主要分为两大系发行版,分别是RedHat和Debian,lamp环境的安装和配置也会有所不同,所以分别以CentOS 7.1和Ubuntu 14.04做为主机(L) Linux下安装软件,最 ...

  4. Web应用之LAMP源码环境部署

    一.LAMP环境的介绍 1.LAMP环境的重要性 思索许久,最终还是决定写一篇详细的LAMP的源码编译安装的实验文档,一来是为了给自己一个交代,把技术进行系统的归纳,将技术以极致的形式呈现出来,做为一 ...

  5. 【笔记】LAMP 环境无脑安装配置 Centos 6.3

    p.p1 { margin: 0.0px 0.0px 5.0px 0.0px; font: 12.0px Times; color: #ff2500 } p.p2 { margin: 0.0px 0. ...

  6. LAMP坏境和LNMP环境安装Nagios4.1.1和基本配置

    ----------------------------------------以下内容为笔者生产环境的监控,安装都是经过一步步测试的-------------------------------- ...

  7. 1-web应用之LAMP源码环境搭建

    目录 一.LAMP环境的介绍     1.LAMP环境的重要性     2.LAMP组件介绍 二.Apache源码安装     1.下载Apache以及相关依赖包     2.安装Apache以及相关 ...

  8. CentOS7 配置LAMP

    这两天要带新同事.没办法,只有现学现卖,又回到Linux的怀抱了.今晚想配置一下LAMP环境,但是之前用的6.6,今晚想闷声做大死,用一次7试试.网上找了很多教程,但是好像转载的都不负责任,有些到下一 ...

  9. Ubuntu 16.04 LAMP server 指南 - 配置 Apache2.4,PHP7,和MariaDB(而不是MySQL)

    翻译自:https://www.howtoforge.com/tutorial/install-apache-with-php-and-mysql-on-ubuntu-16-04-lamp/ 昨天在虚 ...

随机推荐

  1. Kafka配额讨论(流量限制)

    Kafka自0.9.0.0版本引入了配额管理(quota management),旨在broker端对clients发送请求进行限流(throttling).目前Kafka支持两大类配额管理: 网络带 ...

  2. Java 多线程使用

    工作中遇到的问题,记录下解决的思路 问题: 对磁盘进行碎片化测试(比如说,磁盘空间是16G),从64K开始写文件,写满后删除一半,然后写32K 的数据,写满后删除一半...直到4K写满删除一般算是结束 ...

  3. IIFE

    一.IIFE IIFE:immediately-invoked function expression,即时调用函数表达式. 如果一个函数,在定义的时候,就想直接调用它,就是一个IIFE. 函数执行方 ...

  4. 第三次Scrum编码冲刺

    1.小组成员 周 斌 舒 溢 许嘉荣 唐 浩 黄欣欣 廖帅元 刘洋江 薛思汝 2.个人在小组第三次冲刺的任务及其完成情况描述. 这次小组活动中我负责测试程序的实现情况,确保程序的每个模块都能正常运行, ...

  5. char和varchar的区别

    在建立数据库表结构的时候,为了给一个String类型的数据定义一个数据库的数据库类型,一般参考的都是char或者varchar,这两种选择有时候让人很纠结,今天想总结一下它们两者的区别,明确一下两者的 ...

  6. Python 编码为什么那么蛋疼?

    据说,每个做 Python 开发的都被字符编码的问题搞晕过,最常见的错误就是 UnicodeEncodeError.UnicodeDecodeError,你好像知道怎么解决,遗憾的是,错误又出现在其它 ...

  7. oracle获得ddl语句

    dbms_metadata.get_ddl()用于获取对象的DDL,其具体用法如下.注意:在sqlplus里,为了更好的展示DDL,需要设置如下参数:set line 200set pagesize ...

  8. Python Json获取天气预报

    #!/usr/bin/python # -*- coding: UTF-8 -*- import json import smtplib import urllib from email.mime.t ...

  9. BIND简易教程(2):BIND视图配置

    目录:BIND简易教程(1):安装及基本配置BIND简易教程(2):BIND视图配置(本篇)BIND简易教程(3):DNSSec配置 上文书说到,我们把aaa.apple.tree解析到192.168 ...

  10. 阿里云maven仓库镜像mirror,速度超快

    <mirror> <id>alimaven</id> <name>aliyun maven</name> <url>http:/ ...