C#使用ADO操作Excel

1 说明

　　把excel当成一个数据库，类似于Access数据库来操作。

2 源代码

2.1 Model层

    /// <summary>
    /// 人员信息
    /// </summary>
    public class MPerson
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 人员姓名
        /// </summary>
        public string PersonName
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 人员家乡
        /// </summary>
        public string PersonHome
        {
            get;
            set;
        }
    }

2.2 数据库访问接口

    /// <summary>
    /// 人员数据库访问接口
    /// </summary>
    public interface IPerson
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取所有人员信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="conn">连接</param>
        /// <param name="tran">事物</param>
        /// <returns>所有人员信息</returns>
        List<MPerson> GetAllPersonInfo(OleDbConnection conn, OleDbTransaction tran);

        /// <summary>
        /// 添加人员信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="conn">连接</param>
        /// <param name="tran">事物</param>
        /// <param name="person">人员信息</param>
        /// <returns>影响记录数</returns>
        int AddPerson(OleDbConnection conn, OleDbTransaction tran, MPerson person);

        /// <summary>
        /// 修改人员信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="conn">连接</param>
        /// <param name="tran">事物</param>
        /// <param name="model">人员</param>
        /// <returns>影响记录数</returns>
        int UpdatePerson(OleDbConnection conn, OleDbTransaction tran, MPerson model);

        /// <summary>
        /// 查询人员信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="conn">连接</param>
        /// <returns>所有人员信息</returns>
        List<MPerson> GetPersonInfo(OleDbConnection conn, OleDbTransaction tran, string personName);

        /// <summary>
        /// 删除人员信息【不支持】
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="conn">连接</param>
        /// <param name="tran">事物</param>
        /// <param name="model">人员</param>
        /// <returns>影响记录数</returns>
        //int DelPerson(OleDbConnection conn, OleDbTransaction tran, MPerson model);
    }

2.3 数据库访问类

    /// <summary>
    /// 人员信息数据库访问
    /// </summary>
    public class DPerson : IPerson
    {
        #region IPerson 成员

        /// <summary>
        /// 获取所有人员信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="conn">连接</param>
        /// <returns>所有人员信息</returns>
        public List<MPerson> GetAllPersonInfo(OleDbConnection conn, OleDbTransaction tran)
        {
            List<MPerson> list = new List<MPerson>();
            string sql = "select PersonName,PersonHome from [PersonInfo$]";
            OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand(sql, conn, tran);
            using (OleDbDataReader reader = cmd.ExecuteReader())
            {
                while (reader.Read())
                {
                    MPerson model = new MPerson();
                    model.PersonName = reader["PersonName"] == DBNull.Value ? string.Empty : reader["PersonName"].ToString();
                    model.PersonHome = reader["PersonHome"] == DBNull.Value ? string.Empty : reader["PersonHome"].ToString();
                    list.Add(model);
                }
            }

            return list;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 查询所有人员信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="conn">连接</param>
        /// <returns>所有人员信息</returns>
        public List<MPerson> GetPersonInfo(OleDbConnection conn, OleDbTransaction tran, string personName)
        {
            List<MPerson> list = new List<MPerson>();
            string sql = "SELECT PersonName,PersonHome from [PersonInfo$] WHERE PersonName = @PersonName";
            OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand(sql, conn, tran);
            OleDbParameter[] para =
            {
                new OleDbParameter("@PersonName", personName.Trim()),
            };
            cmd.Parameters.AddRange(para);
            using (OleDbDataReader reader = cmd.ExecuteReader())
            {
                while (reader.Read())
                {
                    MPerson model = new MPerson();
                    model.PersonName = reader["PersonName"] == DBNull.Value ? string.Empty : reader["PersonName"].ToString();
                    model.PersonHome = reader["PersonHome"] == DBNull.Value ? string.Empty : reader["PersonHome"].ToString();
                    list.Add(model);
                }
            }

            return list;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 添加人员信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="conn">连接</param>
        /// <param name="person">人员信息</param>
        /// <returns>影响记录数</returns>
        public int AddPerson(OleDbConnection conn, OleDbTransaction tran, MPerson person)
        {
            string sql = @"INSERT INTO [PersonInfo$](PersonName, PersonHome)
                            VALUES(@Name, @Home)";
            OleDbParameter[] para =
            {
                new OleDbParameter("@Name", person.PersonName),
                new OleDbParameter("@Home", person.PersonHome)
            };

            OleDbCommand cmd = null;
            cmd = new OleDbCommand(sql, conn, tran);
            cmd.Parameters.AddRange(para);
            return cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 修改人员信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="conn">连接</param>
        /// <param name="tran">事物</param>
        /// <param name="model">人员</param>
        /// <returns>影响记录数</returns>
        public int UpdatePerson(OleDbConnection conn, OleDbTransaction tran, MPerson model)
        {
            string sql = string.Format(@"
                            UPDATE [PersonInfo$]
                            SET PersonHome=@PersonHome
                            WHERE PersonName='{0}'
                        ", model.PersonName);

            OleDbParameter[] para =
            {
                new OleDbParameter("@PersonHome", model.PersonHome.Trim())
            };

            OleDbCommand cmd = null;
            cmd = new OleDbCommand(sql, conn, tran);
            cmd.Parameters.AddRange(para);
            return cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 删除人员信息【不支持】
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="conn">连接</param>
        /// <param name="tran">事物</param>
        /// <param name="model">人员</param>
        /// <returns>影响记录数</returns>
//        public int DelPerson(OleDbConnection conn, OleDbTransaction tran, MPerson model)
//        {
//            string sql = string.Format(@"
//                            DELETE FROM [PersonInfo$]
//                            WHERE PersonName='{0}'
//                        ", model.PersonName);
//            OleDbCommand cmd = null;
//            cmd = new OleDbCommand(sql, conn, tran);
//            return cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
//        }

        #endregion
    }

2.4 数据库连接工厂

    /// <summary>
    /// 数据库链接工厂
    /// </summary>
    public class ConnectionFactory
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 基础数据读库
        /// </summary>
        public static OleDbConnection BaseInfoDBRead
        {
            get { return GetConnection("BaseInfoDBRead"); }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 基础数据写库
        /// </summary>
        public static OleDbConnection BaseInfoDBWrite
        {
            get { return GetConnection("BaseInfoDBWrite"); }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 根据连接字符串获取连接
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="connectionKey">连接键</param>
        /// <returns>连接</returns>
        public static OleDbConnection GetConnection(string connectionKey)
        {
            OleDbConnection connection = null;
            string connectionString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings[connectionKey].ConnectionString;
            connection = new OleDbConnection(connectionString);
            return connection;
        }

2.5 数据库访问工厂

    /// <summary>
    /// 数据库访问工厂
    /// </summary>
    public class DALFactory
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取人员信息数据访问层
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>数据访问层</returns>
        public static IPerson GetPersonDao()
        {
            return new DPerson();
        }
    }

2.6 业务层

2.6.1 添加事物类

    /// <summary>
    /// 添加人员事物
    /// </summary>
    public class BAddPersonsTrans : ExcelDbTransaction
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 人员信息
        /// </summary>
        private List<MPerson> personList = null;

        /// <summary>
        /// 构造函数
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="list">人员信息</param>
        public BAddPersonsTrans(List<MPerson> list)
        {
            this.personList = list;
            this.Connection = ConnectionFactory.BaseInfoDBWrite;
            this.IsolationLevel = System.Data.IsolationLevel.ReadCommitted;
            this.IsBeginTransation = true;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 是否成功
        /// </summary>
        public bool IsSuccess
        {
            get;
            set;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 添加人员信息
        /// </summary>
        protected override void ExecuteMethod()
        {
            IPerson personDao = DALFactory.GetPersonDao();
            if (this.personList != null && this.personList.Count > )
            {
                foreach (MPerson item in this.personList)
                {
                    personDao.AddPerson(this.Connection, this.Transation, item);
                }

                this.IsSuccess = true;
            }
        }
    }

2.6.2 业务类

    /// <summary>
    /// 人员信息业务层
    /// </summary>
    public class BPerson
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 获取所有人员信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>所有人员信息</returns>
        public List<MPerson> GetAllPersonInfo()
        {
            IPerson dao = DALFactory.GetPersonDao();
            OleDbConnection conn = ConnectionFactory.BaseInfoDBRead;
            try
            {
                if (conn.State == System.Data.ConnectionState.Closed)
                {
                    conn.Open();
                }

                return dao.GetAllPersonInfo(conn, null);
            }
            finally
            {
                conn.Close();
                conn.Dispose();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 查询所有人员信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>所有人员信息</returns>
        public List<MPerson> GetPersonInfo(string personName)
        {
            IPerson dao = DALFactory.GetPersonDao();
            OleDbConnection conn = ConnectionFactory.BaseInfoDBRead;
            try
            {
                if (conn.State == System.Data.ConnectionState.Closed)
                {
                    conn.Open();
                }

                return dao.GetPersonInfo(conn, null, personName);
            }
            finally
            {
                conn.Close();
                conn.Dispose();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 添加人员列表
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="list">人员列表</param>
        /// <returns>是否成功</returns>
        public bool AddPersonList(List<MPerson> list)
        {
            BAddPersonsTrans tran = new BAddPersonsTrans(list);
            tran.Execute();
            return tran.IsSuccess;
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 修改人员信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="model">人员对象</param>
        /// <returns>影响数据库记录数</returns>
        public int UpdatePerson(MPerson model)
        {
            IPerson dao = DALFactory.GetPersonDao();
            OleDbConnection conn = ConnectionFactory.BaseInfoDBWrite;
            try
            {
                if (conn.State == System.Data.ConnectionState.Closed)
                {
                    conn.Open();
                }

                return dao.UpdatePerson(conn, null, model);
            }
            finally
            {
                conn.Close();
                conn.Dispose();
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 删除人员信息【不支持】
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="model">人员对象</param>
        /// <returns>影响数据库记录数</returns>
        //public int DelPerson(MPerson model)
        //{
        //    IPerson dao = DALFactory.GetPersonDao();
        //    OleDbConnection conn = ConnectionFactory.BaseInfoDBWrite;
        //    try
        //    {
        //        if (conn.State == System.Data.ConnectionState.Closed)
        //        {
        //            conn.Open();
        //        }

        //        return dao.DelPerson(conn, null, model);
        //    }
        //    finally
        //    {
        //        conn.Close();
        //        conn.Dispose();
        //    }
        //}
    }

2.7 测试

2.7.1 配置文件

App.config配置如下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<configuration>
  <connectionStrings>
    <add name="BaseInfoDBRead" connectionString="Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=BaseInfoDB.xls;Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=2'"/>
    <add name="BaseInfoDBWrite" connectionString="Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source=BaseInfoDB.xls;Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;IMEX=2'"/>
  </connectionStrings>
</configuration>

2.7.2 测试代码

 /// <summary>
    /// 测试
    /// </summary>
    public class Test
    {
        /// <summary>
        /// 测试获取人员信息
        /// </summary>
        public static void TestGetAllPerson()
        {
            try
            {
                BPerson bll = new BPerson();
                List<MPerson> personList = bll.GetAllPersonInfo();
                if (personList != null && personList.Count > )
                {
                    foreach (MPerson item in personList)
                    {
                        Console.WriteLine(item.PersonName + "," + item.PersonHome);
                    }
                }
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                string str = ex.ToString();
                Console.WriteLine(str);
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 测试添加人员列表
        /// </summary>
        public static void AddPersonList()
        {
            try
            {
                BPerson bll = new BPerson();
                MPerson model = new MPerson();
                model.PersonName = "艾玛";
                model.PersonHome = "美国";
                List<MPerson> list = new List<MPerson>();
                list.Add(model);
                model = new MPerson();
                model.PersonName = "汤姆";
                model.PersonHome = "美国";
                list.Add(model);
                bool result = bll.AddPersonList(list);
                Console.WriteLine(result);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 测试修改
        /// </summary>
        public static void UpdatePerson()
        {
            try
            {
                MPerson model = new MPerson();
                model.PersonName = "张三";
                model.PersonHome = "上海";
                BPerson bll = new BPerson();
                int result = bll.UpdatePerson(model);
                Console.WriteLine("结果:" + result);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
            }
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// 测试删除
        /// </summary>
        //public static void DelPerson()
        //{
        //    try
        //    {
        //        MPerson model = new MPerson();
        //        model.PersonName = "张三";
        //        BPerson bll = new BPerson();
        //        int result = bll.DelPerson(model);
        //        Console.WriteLine("结果:" + result);
        //    }
        //    catch (Exception ex)
        //    {
        //        Console.WriteLine(ex.ToString());
        //    }
        //}
    }

2.7.3 测试文件

　　BaseInfoDB.xls，注意将属性设置为始终复制

　　格式如下：

　　注意抬头部分一定是：PersonName,PersonHome

　　

3 注意

　　（1）首先，上面虽然写到事物，但是事物确不能生效，也就是要不全部执行成功，要不全部执行失败，在网上找了很久，发现代码没什么大问题，但是不能实现效果，很是郁闷，还是把代码贴出来，万一以后就知道怎么回事了呢？

　　（2）修改的时候，不知道为什么不能在where语句中使用参数，只能使用拼sql，才执行成功，我在查询的时候试了一下，发现可以在where语句中使用参数，不知道这里为什么不行。

　　（3）、另外不能进行删除操作。报出来得错误信息是：该ISAM不支持在连接表中删除数据。网上查了一下确实是不支持删除。如果要删除就只能使用修改，在查询的使用进行处理。

　　（4）、数据库连接字符串，excel2007以上的数据库连接字符串如下，注意IMEX的值为3，之前在工作中遇到为1和2都出现"操作必须使用一个可更新的查询"的问题，改成3 就可以了。但是具体的资料无法考证。

　　Provider=Microsoft.Ace.OleDb.12.0;Data Source=excel路径和文件名;Extended Properties='Excel 12.0; HDR=Yes; IMEX=3

　　相关链接：http://www.cnblogs.com/richinger/archive/2008/09/28/1301170.html