OSPF 多区域配置
通过配置OSPF协议使网络互通。
实验拓扑
如图所示连接，地址规划如下：
| 名称 | 接口 | IP地址 |
|---|---|---|
| R1 | f1/0 | 192.168.10.1/24 |
| R1 | f0/0 | 192.168.20.1/24 |
| R1 | f0/1 | 192.168.50.2/24 |
| R2 | f0/0 | 192.168.20.2/24 |
| R2 | f0/1 | 192.168.30.1/24 |
| R3 | f0/0 | 192.168.30.2/24 |
| R3 | f0/1 | 192.168.40.1/24 |
| R3 | f1/0 | 192.168.60.1/24 |
| R4 | f0/0 | 192.168.40.2/24 |
| R4 | f0/1 | 192.168.50.1/24 |
| PC1 | e0 | 192.168.10.2/24 |
| PC2 | e0 | 192.168.60.2/24 |
配置方法
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.50.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#ex
配置过程
配置接口 IP 地址
- R1
R1#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R1(config)#int f0/0
R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.20.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no sh
R1(config-if)#ex
R1(config)#int f0/1
R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.50.2 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no sh
R1(config-if)#ex
R1(config)#int f1/0
R1(config-if)#ip add 192.168.10.1 255.255.255.0
R1(config-if)#no sh
R1(config-if)#ex
R1(config)#do show ip int b
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 192.168.20.1 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 192.168.50.2 YES manual up up
FastEthernet1/0 192.168.10.1 YES manual up up
- R2
R2#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#int f0/0
R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.20.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no sh
R2(config-if)#ex
R2(config)#int f0/1
R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.30.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no sh
R2(config-if)#ex
R2(config)#do show ip int b
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 192.168.20.2 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 192.168.30.1 YES manual up up
- R3
R3#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R3(config)#int f0/0
R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.30.2 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no sh
R3(config-if)#ex
R3(config)#int f0/1
R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.40.1 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no sh
R3(config-if)#ex
R3(config)#int f1/0
R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.60.1 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no sh
R3(config-if)#ex
R3(config)#do show ip int b
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 192.168.30.2 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 192.168.40.1 YES manual up up
FastEthernet1/0 192.168.60.1 YES manual up up
- R4
R4#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
R4(config)#int f0/0
R4(config-if)#ip add 192.168.40.2 255.255.255.0
R4(config-if)#no sh
R4(config-if)#ex
R4(config)#int f0/1
R4(config-if)#ip add 192.168.50.1 255.255.255.0
R4(config-if)#no sh
R4(config-if)#ex
R4(config)#do show ip int b
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 192.168.40.2 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 192.168.50.1 YES manual up up
配置 loopback IP 地址
- R1
R1(config)#int loopback 0
R1(config-if)#ip add 1.1.1.1 255.255.255.255
R1(config-if)#no sh
R1(config-if)#ex
R1(config)#do show ip int b
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 192.168.20.1 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 192.168.50.2 YES manual up up
FastEthernet1/0 192.168.10.1 YES manual up up
Loopback0 1.1.1.1 YES manual up up
R1(config)#do show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.50.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
- R2
R2(config)#int loopback 0
R2(config-if)#ip add 2.2.2.2 255.255.255.255
R2(config-if)#no sh
R2(config-if)#ex
R2(config)#do show ip int b
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 192.168.20.2 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 192.168.30.1 YES manual up up
Loopback0 2.2.2.2 YES manual up up
R2(config)#do show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 192.168.30.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
- R3
R3(config)#int loopback 0
R3(config-if)#ip add 3.3.3.3 255.255.255.255
R3(config-if)#no sh
R3(config-if)#ex
R3(config)#do show ip int b
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 192.168.30.2 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 192.168.40.1 YES manual up up
FastEthernet1/0 192.168.60.1 YES manual up up
Loopback0 3.3.3.3 YES manual up up
R3(config)#do show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 3.3.3.3 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 192.168.30.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.60.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
C 192.168.40.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
- R4
R4(config)#int loopback 0
R4(config-if)#ip add 4.4.4.4 255.255.255.255
R4(config-if)#no sh
R4(config-if)#ex
R4(config)#do show ip int b
Interface IP-Address OK? Method Status Protocol
FastEthernet0/0 192.168.40.2 YES manual up up
FastEthernet0/1 192.168.50.1 YES manual up up
Loopback0 4.4.4.4 YES manual up up
R4(config)#do show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 4.4.4.4 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 192.168.40.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.50.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
配置 OSPF
- R1
R1(config)#router ospf 1
R1(config-router)#router-id 1.1.1.1
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.50.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R1(config-router)#ex
- R2
R2(config)#router ospf 1
R2(config-router)#router-id 2.2.2.2
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.20.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R2(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
R2(config-router)#ex
- R3
R3(config)#router ospf 1
R3(config-router)#router-id 3.3.3.3
R3(config-router)#network 192.168.30.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
R3(config-router)#network 192.168.40.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
R3(config-router)#network 192.168.60.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
R3(config-router)#ex
- R4
R4(config)#router ospf 1
R4(config-router)#router-id 4.4.4.4
R4(config-router)#network 192.168.40.0 0.0.0.255 area 1
R4(config-router)#network 192.168.50.0 0.0.0.255 area 0
R4(config-router)#ex
查看路由表
- R1
R1(config)#do show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
1.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 1.1.1.1 is directly connected, Loopback0
O IA 192.168.30.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.20.2, 00:15:07, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 192.168.60.0/24 [110/21] via 192.168.50.1, 00:00:41, FastEthernet0/1
[110/21] via 192.168.20.2, 00:00:41, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.10.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
O IA 192.168.40.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.50.1, 00:05:52, FastEthernet0/1
C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.50.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
- R2
R2(config)#do show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
2.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 2.2.2.2 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 192.168.30.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
O 192.168.60.0/24 [110/11] via 192.168.30.2, 00:01:09, FastEthernet0/1
O 192.168.10.0/24 [110/11] via 192.168.20.1, 00:02:26, FastEthernet0/0
O 192.168.40.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.30.2, 00:10:33, FastEthernet0/1
C 192.168.20.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
O 192.168.50.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.20.1, 00:06:15, FastEthernet0/0
- R3
R3(config)#do show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
3.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 3.3.3.3 is directly connected, Loopback0
C 192.168.30.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.60.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet1/0
O IA 192.168.10.0/24 [110/21] via 192.168.40.2, 00:02:35, FastEthernet0/1
[110/21] via 192.168.30.1, 00:02:35, FastEthernet0/0
C 192.168.40.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
O IA 192.168.20.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.30.1, 00:10:38, FastEthernet0/0
O IA 192.168.50.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.40.2, 00:06:34, FastEthernet0/1
- R4
R4(config)#do show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
O 192.168.30.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.40.1, 00:06:51, FastEthernet0/0
O 192.168.60.0/24 [110/11] via 192.168.40.1, 00:01:27, FastEthernet0/0
4.0.0.0/32 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 4.4.4.4 is directly connected, Loopback0
O 192.168.10.0/24 [110/11] via 192.168.50.2, 00:02:44, FastEthernet0/1
C 192.168.40.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/0
O 192.168.20.0/24 [110/20] via 192.168.50.2, 00:06:36, FastEthernet0/1
C 192.168.50.0/24 is directly connected, FastEthernet0/1
验证结果
- 配置
VPC的IP地址
PC1> ip 192.168.10.2 192.168.10.1
Checking for duplicate address...
PC1 : 192.168.10.2 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.10.1
PC2> ip 192.168.60.2 192.168.60.1
Checking for duplicate address...
PC1 : 192.168.60.2 255.255.255.0 gateway 192.168.60.1
- 测试可以相互
ping通
PC1> ping 192.168.60.2
192.168.60.2 icmp_seq=1 timeout
84 bytes from 192.168.60.2 icmp_seq=2 ttl=61 time=59.831 ms
84 bytes from 192.168.60.2 icmp_seq=3 ttl=61 time=63.507 ms
84 bytes from 192.168.60.2 icmp_seq=4 ttl=61 time=57.735 ms
84 bytes from 192.168.60.2 icmp_seq=5 ttl=61 time=64.449 ms
PC2> ping 192.168.10.2
84 bytes from 192.168.10.2 icmp_seq=1 ttl=61 time=58.141 ms
84 bytes from 192.168.10.2 icmp_seq=2 ttl=61 time=55.996 ms
84 bytes from 192.168.10.2 icmp_seq=3 ttl=61 time=64.000 ms
84 bytes from 192.168.10.2 icmp_seq=4 ttl=61 time=56.732 ms
84 bytes from 192.168.10.2 icmp_seq=5 ttl=61 time=65.020 ms
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