在Gradle中使用jaxb的xjc插件

jaxb，全称为Java Architecture for Xml Binding,是一种将java对象与xml建立起映射的技术。其主要提供两个功能，一是将java对象映射为xml，二是将xml映射为java对象。JAXB有1.0版和2.0版。2.0版对应的JSR（Java specification request, java规格要求）是JSR 222。jaxb中的xjc工具能够将XML Schema转换为对应的java类。支持的XML类型包括XML DTD，XSD以及WSDL。而schemagen工具则可以将具有相应annotation标记的java类转换为XML结构。

ant脚本有xjc插件来实现对xml schema文件转换为java类的工作。而由于ant任务是gradle中的一等公民，所以我们可以直接在gradle脚本中使用ant的xjc插件来实现对xml schema和java类的映射。以下代码演示了如何将xsd格式和wsdl格式的xml转换为具体的java类。

build.gradle

configurations {

    jaxb

}

dependencies {

    jaxb 'com.sun.xml.bind:jaxb-impl:2.2.7'

    jaxb 'com.sun.xml.bind:jaxb-xjc:2.2.7'

}

ext {

    generatedSourceDir = 'src/main/generated'

}

task jaxb {

    doLast {

        file(generatedSourceDir).mkdirs()

        ant.taskdef(name: 'xjc', classname: 'com.sun.tools.xjc.XJCTask', classpath: configurations.jaxb.asPath)

        ant.xjc(destdir: generatedSourceDir,

                package: 'jaxb.ws.ship',

                schema: 'schema/shiporder.xsd'

        )

        ant.xjc(destdir: generatedSourceDir,

                package: 'jaxb.ws.hello',

                schema: 'schema/weather.wsdl'

        ) {

            arg(value: '-wsdl')

        }

    }

}

clean {

    ant.delete(dir: generatedSourceDir)

}

这里实现了将xsd和wsdl格式的xml文档转换为具体的java类。注意一点是如果wsdl中的schema过于简单，可能不会有具体的类生成。另外附上使用的示例文件。

shiporder.xsd文件如下：

shiporder.xsd

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>

<xs:schema xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">

    <xs:element name="shiporder">

        <xs:complexType>

            <xs:sequence>

                <xs:element name="orderperson" type="xs:string"/>

                <xs:element name="shipto">

                    <xs:complexType>

                        <xs:sequence>

                            <xs:element name="name" type="xs:string"/>

                            <xs:element name="address" type="xs:string"/>

                            <xs:element name="city" type="xs:string"/>

                            <xs:element name="country" type="xs:string"/>

                        </xs:sequence>

                    </xs:complexType>

                </xs:element>

                <xs:element name="item" maxOccurs="unbounded">

                    <xs:complexType>

                        <xs:sequence>

                            <xs:element name="title" type="xs:string"/>

                            <xs:element name="note" type="xs:string" minOccurs="0"/>

                            <xs:element name="quantity" type="xs:positiveInteger"/>

                            <xs:element name="price" type="xs:decimal"/>

                        </xs:sequence>

                    </xs:complexType>

                </xs:element>

            </xs:sequence>

            <xs:attribute name="orderid" type="xs:string" use="required"/>

        </xs:complexType>

    </xs:element>

</xs:schema>

weather.wsdl文件内容如下：

weather.wsdl

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>

<wsdl:definitions xmlns:tm="http://microsoft.com/wsdl/mime/textMatching/" xmlns:soapenc="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/encoding/" xmlns:mime="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/mime/" xmlns:tns="http://www.webserviceX.NET" xmlns:soap="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap/" xmlns:s="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:soap12="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/soap12/" xmlns:http="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/http/" targetNamespace="http://www.webserviceX.NET" xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">

    <wsdl:types>

        <s:schema elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://www.webserviceX.NET">

            <s:element name="GetWeather">

                <s:complexType>

                    <s:sequence>

                        <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="CityName" type="s:string" />

                        <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="CountryName" type="s:string" />

                    </s:sequence>

                </s:complexType>

            </s:element>

            <s:element name="GetWeatherResponse">

                <s:complexType>

                    <s:sequence>

                        <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="GetWeatherResult" type="s:string" />

                    </s:sequence>

                </s:complexType>

            </s:element>

            <s:element name="GetCitiesByCountry">

                <s:complexType>

                    <s:sequence>

                        <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="CountryName" type="s:string" />

                    </s:sequence>

                </s:complexType>

            </s:element>

            <s:element name="GetCitiesByCountryResponse">

                <s:complexType>

                    <s:sequence>

                        <s:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="GetCitiesByCountryResult" type="s:string" />

                    </s:sequence>

                </s:complexType>

            </s:element>

            <s:element name="string" nillable="true" type="s:string" />

        </s:schema>

    </wsdl:types>

    <wsdl:message name="GetWeatherSoapIn">

        <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:GetWeather" />

    </wsdl:message>

    <wsdl:message name="GetWeatherSoapOut">

        <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:GetWeatherResponse" />

    </wsdl:message>

    <wsdl:message name="GetCitiesByCountrySoapIn">

        <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:GetCitiesByCountry" />

    </wsdl:message>

    <wsdl:message name="GetCitiesByCountrySoapOut">

        <wsdl:part name="parameters" element="tns:GetCitiesByCountryResponse" />

    </wsdl:message>

    <wsdl:message name="GetWeatherHttpGetIn">

        <wsdl:part name="CityName" type="s:string" />

        <wsdl:part name="CountryName" type="s:string" />

    </wsdl:message>

    <wsdl:message name="GetWeatherHttpGetOut">

        <wsdl:part name="Body" element="tns:string" />

    </wsdl:message>

    <wsdl:message name="GetCitiesByCountryHttpGetIn">

        <wsdl:part name="CountryName" type="s:string" />

    </wsdl:message>

    <wsdl:message name="GetCitiesByCountryHttpGetOut">

        <wsdl:part name="Body" element="tns:string" />

    </wsdl:message>

    <wsdl:message name="GetWeatherHttpPostIn">

        <wsdl:part name="CityName" type="s:string" />

        <wsdl:part name="CountryName" type="s:string" />

    </wsdl:message>

    <wsdl:message name="GetWeatherHttpPostOut">

        <wsdl:part name="Body" element="tns:string" />

    </wsdl:message>

    <wsdl:message name="GetCitiesByCountryHttpPostIn">

        <wsdl:part name="CountryName" type="s:string" />

    </wsdl:message>

    <wsdl:message name="GetCitiesByCountryHttpPostOut">

        <wsdl:part name="Body" element="tns:string" />

    </wsdl:message>

    <wsdl:portType name="GlobalWeatherSoap">

        <wsdl:operation name="GetWeather">

            <wsdl:documentation xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">Get weather report for all major cities around the world.</wsdl:documentation>

            <wsdl:input message="tns:GetWeatherSoapIn" />

            <wsdl:output message="tns:GetWeatherSoapOut" />

        </wsdl:operation>

        <wsdl:operation name="GetCitiesByCountry">

            <wsdl:documentation xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">Get all major cities by country name(full / part).</wsdl:documentation>

            <wsdl:input message="tns:GetCitiesByCountrySoapIn" />

            <wsdl:output message="tns:GetCitiesByCountrySoapOut" />

        </wsdl:operation>

    </wsdl:portType>

    <wsdl:portType name="GlobalWeatherHttpGet">

        <wsdl:operation name="GetWeather">

            <wsdl:documentation xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">Get weather report for all major cities around the world.</wsdl:documentation>

            <wsdl:input message="tns:GetWeatherHttpGetIn" />

            <wsdl:output message="tns:GetWeatherHttpGetOut" />

        </wsdl:operation>

        <wsdl:operation name="GetCitiesByCountry">

            <wsdl:documentation xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">Get all major cities by country name(full / part).</wsdl:documentation>

            <wsdl:input message="tns:GetCitiesByCountryHttpGetIn" />

            <wsdl:output message="tns:GetCitiesByCountryHttpGetOut" />

        </wsdl:operation>

    </wsdl:portType>

    <wsdl:portType name="GlobalWeatherHttpPost">

        <wsdl:operation name="GetWeather">

            <wsdl:documentation xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">Get weather report for all major cities around the world.</wsdl:documentation>

            <wsdl:input message="tns:GetWeatherHttpPostIn" />

            <wsdl:output message="tns:GetWeatherHttpPostOut" />

        </wsdl:operation>

        <wsdl:operation name="GetCitiesByCountry">

            <wsdl:documentation xmlns:wsdl="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/wsdl/">Get all major cities by country name(full / part).</wsdl:documentation>

            <wsdl:input message="tns:GetCitiesByCountryHttpPostIn" />

            <wsdl:output message="tns:GetCitiesByCountryHttpPostOut" />

        </wsdl:operation>

    </wsdl:portType>

    <wsdl:binding name="GlobalWeatherSoap" type="tns:GlobalWeatherSoap">

        <soap:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" />

        <wsdl:operation name="GetWeather">

            <soap:operation soapAction="http://www.webserviceX.NET/GetWeather" style="document" />

            <wsdl:input>

                <soap:body use="literal" />

            </wsdl:input>

            <wsdl:output>

                <soap:body use="literal" />

            </wsdl:output>

        </wsdl:operation>

        <wsdl:operation name="GetCitiesByCountry">

            <soap:operation soapAction="http://www.webserviceX.NET/GetCitiesByCountry" style="document" />

            <wsdl:input>

                <soap:body use="literal" />

            </wsdl:input>

            <wsdl:output>

                <soap:body use="literal" />

            </wsdl:output>

        </wsdl:operation>

    </wsdl:binding>

    <wsdl:binding name="GlobalWeatherSoap12" type="tns:GlobalWeatherSoap">

        <soap12:binding transport="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/http" />

        <wsdl:operation name="GetWeather">

            <soap12:operation soapAction="http://www.webserviceX.NET/GetWeather" style="document" />

            <wsdl:input>

                <soap12:body use="literal" />

            </wsdl:input>

            <wsdl:output>

                <soap12:body use="literal" />

            </wsdl:output>

        </wsdl:operation>

        <wsdl:operation name="GetCitiesByCountry">

            <soap12:operation soapAction="http://www.webserviceX.NET/GetCitiesByCountry" style="document" />

            <wsdl:input>

                <soap12:body use="literal" />

            </wsdl:input>

            <wsdl:output>

                <soap12:body use="literal" />

            </wsdl:output>

        </wsdl:operation>

    </wsdl:binding>

    <wsdl:binding name="GlobalWeatherHttpGet" type="tns:GlobalWeatherHttpGet">

        <http:binding verb="GET" />

        <wsdl:operation name="GetWeather">

            <http:operation location="/GetWeather" />

            <wsdl:input>

                <http:urlEncoded />

            </wsdl:input>

            <wsdl:output>

                <mime:mimeXml part="Body" />

            </wsdl:output>

        </wsdl:operation>

        <wsdl:operation name="GetCitiesByCountry">

            <http:operation location="/GetCitiesByCountry" />

            <wsdl:input>

                <http:urlEncoded />

            </wsdl:input>

            <wsdl:output>

                <mime:mimeXml part="Body" />

            </wsdl:output>

        </wsdl:operation>

    </wsdl:binding>

    <wsdl:binding name="GlobalWeatherHttpPost" type="tns:GlobalWeatherHttpPost">

        <http:binding verb="POST" />

        <wsdl:operation name="GetWeather">

            <http:operation location="/GetWeather" />

            <wsdl:input>

                <mime:content type="application/x-www-form-urlencoded" />

            </wsdl:input>

            <wsdl:output>

                <mime:mimeXml part="Body" />

            </wsdl:output>

        </wsdl:operation>

        <wsdl:operation name="GetCitiesByCountry">

            <http:operation location="/GetCitiesByCountry" />

            <wsdl:input>

                <mime:content type="application/x-www-form-urlencoded" />

            </wsdl:input>

            <wsdl:output>

                <mime:mimeXml part="Body" />

            </wsdl:output>

        </wsdl:operation>

    </wsdl:binding>

    <wsdl:service name="GlobalWeather">

        <wsdl:port name="GlobalWeatherSoap" binding="tns:GlobalWeatherSoap">

            <soap:address location="http://www.webservicex.net/globalweather.asmx" />

        </wsdl:port>

        <wsdl:port name="GlobalWeatherSoap12" binding="tns:GlobalWeatherSoap12">

            <soap12:address location="http://www.webservicex.net/globalweather.asmx" />

        </wsdl:port>

        <wsdl:port name="GlobalWeatherHttpGet" binding="tns:GlobalWeatherHttpGet">

            <http:address location="http://www.webservicex.net/globalweather.asmx" />

        </wsdl:port>

        <wsdl:port name="GlobalWeatherHttpPost" binding="tns:GlobalWeatherHttpPost">

            <http:address location="http://www.webservicex.net/globalweather.asmx" />

        </wsdl:port>

    </wsdl:service>

</wsdl:definitions>

另外github上还有一些Gradle的插件来帮你实现xml和java对象的转换，但是本质上其实还是使用了jaxb的xjc ant插件实现的，只不过隐藏了实现细节，使用起来更加方便。感兴趣的可以看https://github.com/jacobono/gradle-jaxb-plugin。

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