Mastering Creativity:A brief guide on how to overcome creative blocks

MASTERING CREATIVITY, 1st Edition
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From James Clear:
For most of my life, I didn't consider myself to be particularly creative. I didn't play a musical
instrument (or even know how to read music). I wasn't skilled at drawing or painting, or really
anything that involved the words “arts” or “crafts.”
It wasn't until I moved to Scotland and decided to buy a camera to “take some pictures while I'm
over there” that I discovered that creativity was something that could be developed. Over the
next year, I took more than 100,000 photos.
Fast forward to today and I pursue creative tasks all of the time. Every Monday and Thursday, I
publish a new article on JamesClear.com and display creativity as a writer. Occasionally, I'll add
some hand-drawn images to those articles. And, of course, I'm still bouncing around the world
taking photos and trying to tell compelling stories as a photographer.
I'm not sure what your creative goals are, but I am sure that you can make progress towards
them. I wrote Mastering Creativity to share the lessons I've learned and to express one simple
truth about creativity: you have brilliance inside of you, but only if you can find the guts and grit
to pull it out of yourself.
Let's get to it…

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10 Things This Guide Will Teach You
1. How to overcome the mental blocks that prevent creativity.
2. How to be creative, even if it's not natural for you.
3. How to make time for creative work if you're busy.
4. How the world's greatest artists approach the task of creating.
5. How to make creating a consistent habit.
6. Why smart people should create things.
7. One simple trick that makes it easier to be creative.
8. How to stay motivated over the long run.
9. Why it is important to generate a lot of work to find your creativity.
10. And most importantly, how to make these ideas a habit in real life.

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Table of Contents

How to Find Your Hidden Creative Genius	4
How Creative Geniuses Come Up With Great Ideas	5
How to Uncover Your Creative Talent by Using the “Equal Odds Rule”	8
The Myth of Creative Inspiration	11
The Difference Between Professionals and Amateurs	15
The Weird Strategy Dr. Seuss Used to Create His Greatest Work	20
How to Be Motivated to Create Consistently	24
Smart People Should Create Things	29
The Next Step: Where to Go From Here	32
Sources	33

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How to Find Your Hidden Creative Genius
There is an interesting story about how Pablo Picasso, the famous Spanish artist, developed the
ability to produce remarkable work in just minutes.
As the story goes, Picasso was walking though the market one day when a woman spotted him.
She stopped the artist, pulled out a piece of paper and said, “Mr. Picasso, I am a fan of your
work. Please, could you do a little drawing for me?”
Picasso smiled and quickly drew a small, but beautiful piece of art on the paper. Then, he
handed the paper back to her saying, “That will be one million dollars.”
“But Mr. Picasso,” the woman said. “It only took you thirty seconds to draw this little
masterpiece.”
“My good woman,” Picasso said, “It took me thirty years to draw that masterpiece in thirty
seconds.” [1]
Picasso isn’t the only brilliant creative who worked for decades to master his craft. His journey is
typical of many creative geniuses. Even people of considerable talent rarely produce incredible
work before decades of practice.
Let’s talk about why that is, and even more important, how you can reveal your own creative
genius.

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How Creative Geniuses Come Up With
Great Ideas
In 2002, Markus Zusak sat down to write a book.
He began by mapping out the beginning and the end of the story. Then, he started listing out
chapter headings, pages of them. Some made it into the final story, many were cut.
When Zusak began to write out the story itself, he tried narrating it from the perspective of
Death. It didn’t come out the way he wanted.
He re-wrote the book, this time through the main character’s eyes. Again, something was off.
He tried writing it from an outsider’s perspective. Still no good.
He tried present tense. He tried past tense. Nothing. The text didn’t flow.
He revised. He changed. He edited. By his own estimation, Zusak rewrote the first part of the
book 150 to 200 times. In the end, he went back to his original choice and wrote it from the
perspective of Death. This time—the 200th time— it felt right. When all was said and done it had
taken Zusak three years to write his novel. He called it ​The Book Thief ​.
In an interview after his book was finally released, Zusak said, “In three years, I must have failed
over a thousand times, but each failure brought me closer to what I needed to write, and for that,
I’m grateful.” [2]

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The book exploded in popularity. It stayed on the New York Times best-seller list for over 230
weeks. It sold 8 million copies. It was translated into 40 languages. A few years later, Hollywood
came calling and turned ​The Book Thief ​ into a major motion picture.
The Simple Secret to Having Good Luck
We often think that blockbuster successes are luck. Maybe it’s easier to explain success that
way—as a chance happening, a fortunate outlier. No doubt, there is always some element of luck
involved in every success story.
But Markus Zusak is proof that if you revise your work 200 times—if you find 200 ways to
reinvent yourself, to get better at your craft—then luck seems to have a way of finding you.
How do creative geniuses come up with great ideas? They work and edit and rewrite and retry
and pull out their genius through sheer force of will and perseverance. They earn the chance to
be lucky because they keep showing up.
In her ​Dartmouth Commencement Address ​, Shonda Rimes shares a strategy that echoes Zusak’s
approach…
Dreams do not come true just because you dream them. It’s hard work that
makes things happen. It’s hard work that creates change…
Ditch the dream and be a doer, not a dreamer.
Maybe you know exactly what it is you dream of being, or maybe you’re
paralyzed because you have no idea what your passion is. The truth is, it

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doesn’t matter. You don’t have to know. You just have to keep moving forward.
You just have to keep doing something, seizing the next opportunity, staying
open to trying something new. It doesn’t have to fit your vision of the perfect
job or the perfect life. Perfect is boring and dreams are not real. Just … do.
So you think, “I wish I could travel.” Great. Sell your crappy car, buy a ticket to Bangkok, and go.
Right now. I’m serious. You want to be a writer? A writer is someone who writes every day, so
start writing.
How Creativity Works
We all have some type of ​creative genius inside of us ​. The only way to release it is to work on it.
No single act will uncover more creative powers than forcing yourself to create consistently. For
Markus Zusak that meant writing and re-writing 200 times. For you, it might mean singing a
song over and over until it sounds right. Or programming a piece of software until all the bugs
are out, taking portraits of your friends until the lighting is perfect, or caring for the customers
you serve until you know them better than they know themselves. You can make any job a work
of art if you put the right energy into it.
How do creative geniuses come up with great ideas? They work hard at it.

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How to Uncover Your Creative Talent by
Using the “Equal Odds Rule”
Paul Erdos was a strange man. He lived out of two suitcases, never learned how to cook his own
meals, worked up to 19 hours per day, took amphetamines daily and washed them down with
caffeine, and gave away nearly all of the money that he earned. [3]
Erdos was also the most prolific mathematician of the 20th century. He wrote or co-authored
over 1,500 mathematical articles during his career and partnered with over 500 different
collaborators. As you would expect, his contributions to mathematics were significant.
Erdos solved a variety of difficult problems. He worked out a proof for the prime number
theorem. He led the development of Ramsey theory. He discovered the proof for a difficult
mathematical riddle known as Bertrand’s postulate. Long story short, Erdos was good. He
worked his tail off and advanced the field of mathematics because of it.
And yet, do you know what became of the vast majority of his 1,500 articles and papers?
Nothing. They are long gone. Forgotten. Tucked away in the archives of an old research journal
or filed into a box at the bottom of some math lover’s closet. And that is why the story of Paul
Erdos is perhaps the best example of what is known as the Equal Odds Rule.
Let’s talk about what this rule means and how it can help you uncover your creative talent.

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The Equal Odds Rule
In 1977, a Harvard-trained psychologist named Keith Simonton, developed a theory that he
called the Equal Odds Rule.
“The Equal Odds Rule says that the average publication of any particular scientist does not have
any statistically different chance of having more of an impact than any other scientist’s average
publication.” [4] In other words, any given scientist is equally likely to create a game-changing
piece of work as they are to create something average that is quickly forgotten.
Translated to the world at-large: You can’t predict your own success. Scientists, artists,
inventors, writers, entrepreneurs, and workers of all types are equally likely to produce a useless
project as they are to produce an important one.
If you believe the Equal Odds Rule, then the natural conclusion is that you’re playing a numbers
game. Because you can’t predict your success, the best strategy is to produce as much work as
possible, which will provide more opportunities to hit the bullseye and create something
meaningful. [5]
I’ve seen the Equal Odds Rule at play in my own work each month. I write new articles every
Monday and Thursday. I know that if I write a new article every Monday and Thursday, then
that will be about 8 or 9 articles per month on average. And if I write 8 or 9 articles per month,
then 2 or 3 of them will be decent.
Which 2 or 3 will be winners? I have no idea.
After sticking to this schedule for almost two years, it has become very clear to me that I am a
rather terrible judge of my own work. All I can do is try my best each time, ​commit to doing a

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volume of work ​, and trust if I ​stick with the process ​ then something useful will find it’s way from
my hands to the keyboard.
The Willingness to Create Garbage
Paul Erdos knew something that all great creators eventually discover: Creative genius only
reveals itself after you’ve shown up enough times to get the average ideas out of the way. Time
after time, problem after problem, Erdos kept working on his craft. 1,500 papers later, it turns
out he had some pretty good ideas.
If you want to ​extract your creative genius and make a difference ​, then embracing idea behind
the Equal Odds Rule is a useful strategy. Sometimes you’ll create something good. Sometimes
you’ll create something useless. But no matter what, you should always be creating.
If you want to make a masterpiece, you have to be willing to create a little garbage along the way.

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The Myth of Creative Inspiration
Franz Kafka is considered one of the most creative and influential writers of the 20th century,
but he actually spent most of his time working as a lawyer for the Workers Accident Insurance
Institute. How did Kafka produce such fantastic creative works while holding down his day job?
By sticking to a strict schedule.
He would go to his job from 8:30 AM to 2:30 PM, eat lunch and then take a long nap until 7:30
PM, exercise and eat dinner with his family in the evening, and then begin writing at 11 PM for a
few hours each night before going to bed and doing it all over again.
Kafka is hardly unique in his commitment to a schedule. As Mason Currey notes in his popular
book, ​Daily Rituals: How Artists Work ​, many of the world’s great artists follow a consistent
schedule.
Maya Angelou ​ rented a local hotel room and went there to write. She arrived at 6:30 AM,
wrote until 2 PM, and then went home to do some editing. She never slept at the hotel.
Pulitzer Prize winner Michael Chabon ​ writes five nights per week from 10 PM to 3 AM.
Haruki Murakami ​wakes up at 4 AM, writes for five hours, and then goes for a run.
The work of top creatives isn’t dependent upon motivation or inspiration, but rather it follows a
consistent pattern and routine. It’s the mastering of daily habits that leads to creative success,
not some mythical spark of genius.

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Here’s why…
Daily Routines
William James, the famous psychologist, is noted for saying that habits and schedules are
important because they “free our minds to advance to really interesting fields of action.”
An ​article ​ in The Guardian agreed by saying, “If you waste resources trying to decide when or
where to work, you’ll impede your capacity to do the work.” And there are plenty of research
studies on ​willpower ​ and ​motivation ​ to back up that statement.
In other words, if you’re serious about creating something compelling, you need to stop waiting
for motivation and inspiration to strike you and simply set a schedule for doing work on a
consistent basis. Of course, that’s easy to say, but much harder to do in practice.
Here’s one way of thinking about schedules that may help…
Permission to Create Junk
Weightlifting offers a good metaphor for scheduling creative work.
I can’t predict whether or not I’ll set a PR (personal record) before I go to the gym. In fact, there
will be many days when I’ll have a below average workout. Eventually, I figured out that those
below average days were just part of the process. The only way to actually lift bigger weights was

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to continually show up every Monday, Wednesday, and Friday — regardless of whether any
individual workout was good or bad.
Creative work is no different than training in the gym. You can’t selectively choose your best
moments and only work on the days when you have great ideas. The only way to unveil the great
ideas inside of you is to ​go through a volume of work ​, ​put in your repetitions ​, and show up over
and over again.
Obviously, doing something below average is never the goal. But you have to give yourself
permission to grind through the occasional days of below average work because it’s the price you
have to pay to get to excellent work.
If you’re anything like me, you hate creating something that isn’t excellent. It’s easy to start
judging your work and convince yourself to not share something, not publish something, and
not ship something because “this isn’t good enough yet.”
But the alternative is even worse: if you don’t have a schedule forcing you to deliver, then it’s
really easy to avoid doing the work at all. The only way to be consistent enough to make a
masterpiece is to give yourself permission to create junk along the way.
The Schedule is the System
During a conversation about writing, my friend ​Sarah Peck ​ looked at me and said, “A lot of
people never get around to writing because they are always wondering when they are going to
write next.”

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You could say the same thing about working out, starting a business, creating art, and building
most habits. The schedule is the ​system that makes your goals a reality ​. If you don’t set a
schedule for yourself, then your only option is to rely on motivation.
● If your workout doesn’t have a time when it usually occurs, then each day you’ll wake up
thinking, “I hope I feel motivated to exercise today.”
● If your business doesn’t have a system for marketing, then you’ll show up at work
crossing your fingers that you’ll find a way to get the word out (in addition to everything
else you have to do).
● If you don’t have a time block to write every week, then you’ll find yourself saying things
like, “I just need to find the willpower to do it.”
Stop waiting for motivation or inspiration to strike you and set a schedule for your habits.

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The Difference Between Professionals and
Amateurs
Last summer, I was speaking with a man named ​Todd Henry ​. Todd is a successful author and
does a great job of putting out valuable work on a consistent basis.
I, on the other hand, do a remarkable job of putting out questionable work on an inconsistent
basis. I started to explain this to Todd…
“Todd, what do you think about writing only when you feel motivated? I feel like I always do my
best work when I get a spark of creativity or inspiration, but that only happens every now and
then. I’m pretty much only writing when I feel like it, which means I’m inconsistent. But if I
write all the time, then I’m not creating my best work.”
“That’s cool,” Todd replied. “I only write when I’m motivated too. I just happened to be
motivated every day at 8am.”
The Difference Between Professionals and Amateurs
It doesn’t matter what you are trying to become better at, if you only do the work when you’re
motivated, then you’ll never be consistent enough to become a professional.

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The ability to show up everyday, stick to the schedule, and do the work — especially when you
don’t feel like it — is so valuable that it is literally all you need to become better 99% of the time.
I’ve seen this in my own experiences…
When I don’t miss workouts, I get in the best shape of my life. When I write every week, I
become a better writer. When I travel and take my camera out every day, I take better photos.
It’s simple and powerful. But why is it so difficult?
The Pain of Being A Pro
Approaching your goals — whatever they are — with the attitude of a professional isn’t easy. In
fact, being a pro is painful.
The simple fact of the matter is that most of the time we are inconsistent. We have goals that we
would like to achieve and dreams that we would like to fulfill, but we only work towards them
occasionally; when we feel inspired or motivated or when life allows us to do so. It’s just easier
that way.
I can guarantee that if you set a schedule for any task and start sticking to it, there will be days
when you feel like quitting. When you start a business, there will be days when you don’t feel like
showing up. When you’re at the gym, there will be sets that you don’t feel like finishing. When
it’s time to write, there will be reports that you don’t feel like typing. But stepping up when it’s
annoying or painful or draining to do so, that’s what makes you a pro.

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Professionals stick to the schedule, amateurs let life get in the way. Professionals know what is
important to them and work towards it with purpose, amateurs get pulled off course by the
urgencies of life ​.
You’ll Never Regret Starting Important Work
Some people might think I’m promoting the benefits of being a workaholic. “Professionals work
harder than everyone else and that’s why they’re great.” Actually, that’s not it at all.
Being a pro is about having the discipline to commit to what is important to you instead of
merely saying something is important to you. It’s about starting when you feel like stopping, not
because you want to work more, but because your goal is important enough to you that you don’t
simply work on it when it’s convenient. Becoming a pro is about making your priorities a reality.
There have been a lot of sets that I haven’t felt like finishing, but I’ve never regretted doing the
workout. There have been a lot of articles I haven’t felt like writing, but I’ve never regretted
publishing on schedule. There have been a lot of days I’ve felt like relaxing, but I’ve never
regretted showing up and working on something that is important to me.
Becoming a pro doesn’t mean you’re a workaholic. It means that you’re good at making time for
what matters to you — especially when you don’t feel like it — instead of playing the role of the
victim and letting life happen to you.

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How to Become a Pro
Going about your work like a pro isn’t easy, but it’s also not as complicated or difficult as you
might think. There are three steps.
1. Decide what you want to be good at.
Purpose is everything. If you know what you want, then getting it is much easier. This sounds
simple, but in my experience even people who are smart, creative, and talented rarely know
exactly what they are working for and why.
2. Set a schedule for your actions.
Once you know what you want, set a schedule for actually doing it.
Note: Don’t make the same mistake I have made, which is setting a schedule based on results.
Don’t map out how much weight you want to lose each week or how much money you want to
make. “Lose 5 pounds” is not an action you can perform. “Do three sets of squats” is an action
you can perform.
You want to set a schedule based on actions you can do, not results that you want.
3. Stick to your schedule for one week.

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Stop thinking about how hard it will be to follow a schedule for a month or a year. Just follow it
for this week. For the next 7 days, don’t let distractions get in the way.
Setting a schedule doesn’t make you a professional, following it does. Don’t be a writer, be
writing. Don’t be a lifter, be lifting. For one week, do the things you want to do without letting
life get in the way. Next week, start again.
The Power of the Schedule
Ira Glass is the host of the popular radio show This American Life, which is broadcast to 1.7
million listeners each week. This is the advice Glass gives to anyone looking to interesting,
creative work: “The most important thing you can do is do a lot of work. Do a huge volume of
work. Put yourself on a deadline so that every week or every month you know you’re going to
finish one story. It is only by going through a volume of work that … the work you’re making will
be as good as your ambitions.” [6]
If you want to do your best creative work, then don’t leave it up to choice. Don’t wake up in the
morning and think, “I hope I feel inspired to create something today.” You need to take the
decision-making out of it. Set a schedule for your work. Genius arrives when you show up
enough times to get the average ideas out of the way.

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The Weird Strategy Dr. Seuss Used to
Create His Greatest Work
In 1960, two men made a bet.
There was only $50 on the line, but millions of people would feel the impact of this little wager.
The first man, Bennett Cerf, was the founder of the publishing firm, Random House. The second
man was named Theo Geisel, but you probably know him as Dr. Seuss. Cerf proposed the bet
and challenged that Dr. Seuss would not be able to write an entertaining children’s book using
only 50 different words.
Dr. Seuss took the bet and won. The result was a little book called ​Green Eggs and Ham ​. Since
publication, Green Eggs and Ham has sold more than 200 million copies, making it the most
popular of Seuss’s works and one of the bestselling children’s books in history.
At first glance, you might think this was a lucky fluke. A talented author plays a fun game with
50 words and ends up producing a hit. But there is actually more to this story and the lessons in
it can help us become more creative and stick to better habits over the long-run.
Here’s what we can learn from Dr. Seuss…
The Power of Constraints

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What Dr. Seuss discovered through this little bet was the power of setting constraints.
Setting limits for yourself — whether that involves the time you have to work out, the money you
have to start a business, or the number of words you can use in a book — often delivers better
results than “keeping your options open.”
In fact, Dr. Seuss found that setting some limits to work within was so useful that he employed
this strategy for other books as well. For example, ​The Cat in the Hat ​ was written using only a
first-grade vocabulary list.
In my experience, I’ve seen that constraints can also provide benefits in health, business, and life
in general. I’ve noticed two reasons why this occurs.
1. Constraints inspire your creativity.
If you’re five foot five inches tall and you’re playing basketball, you figure out more creative ways
to score than the six foot five inch guy.
If you have a one-year-old child that takes up almost every minute of your day, you figure out
more creative ways to get some exercise.
If you’re a photographer and you show up to a shoot with just one lens, then you figure out more
creative ways to capture the beauty of your subject than you would with all of your gear
available.
Limitations drive you to figure out solutions. Your constraints inspire your creativity.
2. Constraints force you to get something done.

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Time constraints have forced me to produce some of my best work. This is especially true with
my writing. Every Monday and Thursday, I write a new article — even if it’s inconvenient.
This constraint has led me to produce some of my most popular work in unlikely places. When I
was sitting in the passenger seat on a road trip through West Virginia, ​I wrote an article ​. When I
was visiting family for the 4th of July, ​I wrote an article ​. When I spent all day flying in and out of
airports, ​I wrote an article ​.
Without my schedule (the constraint), I would have pushed those articles to a different day. Or
never got around to them at all. Constraints force you to get something done and don’t allow you
to procrastinate. This is why I believe that ​professionals set a schedule ​ for their production while
amateurs wait until they feel motivated ​.
What constraints are you setting for yourself? What type of schedule do you have for your goals?
Related note: Sticking to your schedule doesn’t have to be grand or impressive. Just ​commit to a
process you can sustain ​. And if you have to, ​reduce the scope ​.
Constraints are Not the Enemy
So often we spend time complaining about the things that are withheld from us.
● “I don’t have enough time to work out.”
● “I don’t have enough money to start a business.”
● “I can’t eat this food on my diet.”

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But constraints are not the enemy. Every artist has a limited set of tools to work with. Every
athlete has a limited set of skills to train with. Every entrepreneur has a limited amount of
resources to build with. Once you know your constraints, you can start figuring out how to work
with them.
The Size of Your Canvas
Dr. Seuss was given 50 words. That was the size of his canvas. His job was to see what kind of
picture he could paint with those words.
You and I are given similar constraints in our lives.
You only have 30 minutes to fit a workout into your day? ​ So be it. That’s the size of
your canvas. Your job is to see if you can make those 30 minutes a work of art.
You can only spare 15 minutes each day to write? ​ That’s the size of your canvas. Your job
is to make each paragraph a work of art.
You only have $100 to start your business? ​Great. That’s the size of your canvas. Your jobis to make each sales call a work of art.There are a lot of authors who would complain about writing a book with only 50 words. Butthere was one author who decided to take the tools he had available and make a work of artinstead.We all have constraints in our lives. The limitations just determine the size of the canvas youhave to work with. What you paint on it is up to you.

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How to Be Motivated to CreateConsistentlyTwyla Tharp was born in Indiana and was named after the local “Pig Princess” at the AnnualMuncie Fair, who went by Twila.It wasn’t the prettiest of starts, but Tharp turned it into something beautiful.She is widely regarded as one of the greatest dancers and choreographers of the modern era. Shehas toured across the globe performing her original work. She is credited with choreographingthe first crossover ballet and she has choreographed dances for the Paris Opera Ballet, The RoyalBallet, New York City Ballet, Boston Ballet, and many others. Her work has appeared onBroadway, on television, and in films. In 1992, she was awarded a MacArthur Fellowship, oftencalled the “Genius Grant”, for her creative work.To put it simply: Twyla Tharp is prolific. The question is, how does she do it?The Power of RitualIn her best-selling book, ​The Creative Habit ​, Tharp discusses one of the secrets of her success:I begin each day of my life with a ritual; I wake up at 5:30 A.M., put on myworkout clothes, my leg warmers, my sweatshirts, and my hat. I walkoutside my Manhattan home, hail a taxi, and tell the driver to take me to theJamesClear.com 24Pumping Iron gym at 91st street and First Avenue, where I workout for twohours. The ritual is not the stretching and weight training I put my bodythrough each morning at the gym; the ritual is the cab. The moment I tell thedriver where to go I have completed the ritual.It’s a simple act, but doing it the same way each morning habitualizes it —makes it repeatable, easy to do. It reduces the chance that I would skip it ordo it differently. It is one more item in my arsenal of routines, and one lessthing to think about.Let’s talk about what makes Tharp’s morning ritual so important and how we can use it tomaster our own habits.The Surprising Thing About MotivationIf you have trouble sticking to good habits or fall victim to bad ones, then it can be easy toassume that you simply need to learn ​how to get motivated ​ or that you don’t understand ​howwillpower works ​.But here is the surprising thing about motivation: it often comes after starting a new behavior,not before. Getting started is ​a form of active inspiration ​ that naturally produces momentum.You have probably experienced this phenomenon before. For example, going for a run may seemoverwhelming or exhausting just to think about before you begin, but if you can muster up theenergy to start jogging, you’ll often find that you become more motivated to finish as you go. Inother words, it’s easier to finish the run than it was to start it in the first place.JamesClear.com 25This is basically Newton’s First Law applied to habit formation: objects in motion tend to stay inmotion. And that means getting started is the hardest part.I often find this to be true with my articles. Once I begin writing, it’s much easier for me topower through and finish. However, if I’m staring at a blank page, it can seem overwhelmingand taxing to take the first step.And this, my friends, is where Twyla Tharp’s morning ritual comes back into the picture.Rituals Are an On Ramp for Your BehaviorThe power of a ritual, or what I like to call a ​pre-game routine ​, is that it provides a mindless wayto initiate your behavior. It makes starting your habits easier and that means following throughon a consistent basis is easier.Habits researchers agree. Benjamin Gardner, a researcher in the Department of Epidemiologyand Public Health at University College London recently ​published a paper ​ in the ​HealthPsychology Review ​ that covered how we can use habits to initiate longer, more complexroutines:A ‘habitual’ bicycle commuter, for example, may automatically opt to use abicycle rather than alternative transport (so automatically enacting the firstbehaviour in a superordinate ‘bicycle commuting’ sequence, such as puttingon a cycle helmet), but negotiating the journey may require higher-levelcognitive input.JamesClear.com 26In other words, getting started with a simple ritual like putting on a helmet or checking the air inthe bike tires makes it easier to follow through on the bigger behavior (making the commute). Ifyou focus on the ritual, the next step follows more automatically.Twyla Tharp’s morning routine is a perfect example of this idea in practice. Naturally, there aregoing to be days when she doesn’t feel like getting out of bed and exercising. There are bound tobe times when the thought of starting the day with a two-hour workout seems exhausting.But her ritual of waking up and calling the taxi takes the emotion, motivation, anddecision-making out of the process. Her brain doesn’t need to waste any energy deciding what todo next. She doesn’t have a debate with herself about what the first step should be. She simplyfollows the same pattern that she always does. And once the pattern is in motion, the rest of thesequence follows more easily.The key to any good ritual is that it removes the need to make a decision: What should I do first?When should I do this? How should I do this? Most people never get moving because they can’tdecide how to get started. Having a ritual takes that burden off your shoulders.The Idea in PracticeHere are some other examples of how you can apply ritual and routine to your habits andbehaviors:● Exercise more consistently: Use the same warm up routine in the gym● Become more creative: Follow a creative ritual before you start writing or painting orsinging● Start each day stress free: Create a five-minute morning meditation ritual● Sleep better: Follow a “power down” routine before bedJamesClear.com 27Whatever it is, make it your own. Use your ritual as an on-ramp for the bigger behavior andhabits you want to build into your life. When you master the ability to mindlessly initiate thetasks that are important to you, it’s not necessary to rely on motivation and willpower to makethem happen.Where can you use a ritual or routine to help you create more consistently?JamesClear.com 28Smart People Should Create ThingsIt was 1974 and Art Fry was spending his weekend singing for the local church choir. On thisparticular Sunday, Fry was dealing with a relatively boring problem: he couldn’t keep hisbookmarks in place.In order to find hymns quickly, Fry would stick little pieces of paper between the pages likebookmarks. The only problem was that every time he stood up, the pieces of paper would slidedown deep between the pages or fall out of the book completely. Annoyed by the constantplacing and replacing of his bookmarks, Fry started daydreaming about a better solution.“It was during the sermon,” Fry said, “that I first thought, ‘What I really need is a littlebookmark that will stick to the paper but will not tear the paper when I remove it.’” [7]With this idea in mind, Fry went back to work the next week and began developing a solution tohis bookmark problem. As luck would have it, Fry happened to be working at the perfectcompany. He was an employee at 3M and one of his co-workers, Spencer Silver, was anadhesives specialist.Over the next few months, Fry and Silver developed a piece of paper that would stick to a page,but could be easily removed and reapplied over and over. Eventually, this little project becameone of the best-selling office supplies of all-time: the Post-It Note.Today, 3M sells Post-It Notes in over 100 countries worldwide. You can find them at librariesand schools, in offices and boardrooms, and scattered around nearly every workspace inbetween.JamesClear.com 29What can we learn from the story of Art Fry? And is there something we can take away from thisto make our lives and the world better?Create Something SmallArt Fry wasn’t trying to create a best-selling office supply product. In the beginning, Fry wassimply trying to design a better bookmark for his choir hymnal. He was just trying to createsomething small.For a long time, I thought that if I wasn’t working on something incredible, then it wasn’t ofmuch value. But gradually I discovered the truth: the most important thing isn’t to createsomething world-changing, but simply to create. You don’t have to build something famous tobuild something meaningful.And this brings us to the most important lesson we can learn from Art Fry and his Post-It Notes:when the world presents you with something interesting or frustrating or curious, choose to dosomething about it. Choose to be a creator.In other words, the world needs smart people to build things. We need employees who inventthings, entrepreneurs who create things, and freelancers who design things. We need secretarieswho make jewelry as a side project and stay-at-home dads who write amazing novels. We needmore leaders, not more followers. We need more creators, not more consumers.And perhaps the most important thing to realize is that we not only need to create for eachother, but for ourselves as well. Creating something is the perfect way to avoid wasting theprecious moments that we have been given. To contribute, to create, to chip in to the worldaround you and to add your line to the world’s story — that is a life well lived.JamesClear.com 30What will you create today?JamesClear.com 31The Next Step: Where to Go From HereIf you enjoyed this guide, then you'll probably love my weekly newsletter. It's totally free and Ishare science-based ideas and practical strategies for mastering your creative habits and living abetter life.You can sign up here: ​http://jamesclear.com/newsletterI don't have it all figured out, but I'm doing my best to walk the slow march toward greatnesswith you.James ClearJamesClear.com 32Sources1. I couldn’t find the original source for this Picasso story and I’m not sure if it’s true. Thepoint remains just as strong and compelling either way, but if you know the originalsource please share.2. “Markus Zusak talks about the writing of The Book Thief” by Macmillan PublishersAustralia3. Daily Rituals by Mason Currey, pgs. 178-179.4. This quote came from an Amazon review by John Keezell of Simonton’s book, Creativityin Science.5. Recent research has revealed that the Equal Odds Rule doesn’t quite tell the whole story.For example, research shows that deliberate practice matters and that you can improveyour skills as time goes on. And as your skills improve, so do your odds of success. Inother words, the odds of producing something good start to shift in your favor as yourskills improve. Of course, you need to embrace the idea behind The Equal Odds Ruleanyway: the only way to improve your skills through deliberate practice is to go througha volume of work. At the end of the day the Equal Odds Rule isn’t perfect, but the resultis the same: practice more.6. “Ira Glass, This American Life” interview by Gothamist.7. Daydream Achiever by Jonah LehrerThanks ​ to Sebastian Marshall for originally telling me about the Equal Odds Rule, to Srini Raofor originally writing about the willingness to create garbage, and to Andrew Yang for inspiringthe title of one of the sections in this guide with his book, Smart People Should Build Things.JamesClear.com 33