1,基本介绍

Restful接口的调用，前端一般使用ajax调用，后端可以使用的方法比较多，

　　本次介绍三种：

　　　　1.HttpURLConnection实现

　　　　2.HttpClient实现

　　　　3.Spring的RestTemplate 　　　　

2，HttpURLConnection实现

@Controller

public class RestfulAction {

    @Autowired

    private UserService userService;

    // 修改

    @RequestMapping(value = "put/{param}", method = RequestMethod.PUT)

    public @ResponseBody String put(@PathVariable String param) {

        return "put:" + param;

    }

    // 新增

    @RequestMapping(value = "post/{param}", method = RequestMethod.POST)

    public @ResponseBody String post(@PathVariable String param,String id,String name) {

        System.out.println("id:"+id);

        System.out.println("name:"+name);

        return "post:" + param;

    }

    // 删除

    @RequestMapping(value = "delete/{param}", method = RequestMethod.DELETE)

    public @ResponseBody String delete(@PathVariable String param) {

        return "delete:" + param;

    }

    // 查找

    @RequestMapping(value = "get/{param}", method = RequestMethod.GET)

    public @ResponseBody String get(@PathVariable String param) {

        return "get:" + param;

    }

    // HttpURLConnection 方式调用Restful接口

    // 调用接口

    @RequestMapping(value = "dealCon/{param}")

    public @ResponseBody String dealCon(@PathVariable String param) {

        try {

            String url = "http://localhost:8080/tao-manager-web/";

            url+=(param+"/xxx");

            URL restServiceURL = new URL(url);

            HttpURLConnection httpConnection = (HttpURLConnection) restServiceURL

                    .openConnection();

            //param 输入小写，转换成 GET POST DELETE PUT

            httpConnection.setRequestMethod(param.toUpperCase());

//            httpConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json");

            if("post".equals(param)){

                //打开输出开关

                httpConnection.setDoOutput(true);

//                httpConnection.setDoInput(true);

                //传递参数

                String input = "&id="+ URLEncoder.encode("abc", "UTF-8");

                input+="&name="+ URLEncoder.encode("啊啊啊", "UTF-8");

                OutputStream outputStream = httpConnection.getOutputStream();

                outputStream.write(input.getBytes());

                outputStream.flush();

            }

            if (httpConnection.getResponseCode() != 200) {

                throw new RuntimeException(

                        "HTTP GET Request Failed with Error code : "

                                + httpConnection.getResponseCode());

            }

            BufferedReader responseBuffer = new BufferedReader(

                    new InputStreamReader((httpConnection.getInputStream())));

            String output;

            System.out.println("Output from Server:  \n");

            while ((output = responseBuffer.readLine()) != null) {

                System.out.println(output);

            }

            httpConnection.disconnect();

        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        } catch (IOException e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        return "success";

    }

}
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3.HttpClient实现

package com.taozhiye.controller;

import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;

import org.apache.http.HttpResponse;

import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;

import org.apache.http.client.HttpClient;

import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpDelete;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;

import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut;

import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;

import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;

import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;

import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;

import com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper;

import com.taozhiye.entity.User;

import com.taozhiye.service.UserService;

import java.io.BufferedReader;

import java.io.IOException;

import java.io.InputStreamReader;

import java.io.OutputStream;

import java.net.HttpURLConnection;

import java.net.MalformedURLException;

import java.net.URL;

import java.net.URLEncoder;

import java.util.ArrayList;

import java.util.List;

@Controller

public class RestfulAction {

    @Autowired

    private UserService userService;

    // 修改

    @RequestMapping(value = "put/{param}", method = RequestMethod.PUT)

    public @ResponseBody String put(@PathVariable String param) {

        return "put:" + param;

    }

    // 新增

    @RequestMapping(value = "post/{param}", method = RequestMethod.POST)

    public @ResponseBody User post(@PathVariable String param,String id,String name) {

        User u = new User();

        System.out.println(id);

        System.out.println(name);

        u.setName(id);

        u.setPassword(name);

        u.setEmail(id);

        u.setUsername(name);

        return u;

    }

    // 删除

    @RequestMapping(value = "delete/{param}", method = RequestMethod.DELETE)

    public @ResponseBody String delete(@PathVariable String param) {

        return "delete:" + param;

    }

    // 查找

    @RequestMapping(value = "get/{param}", method = RequestMethod.GET)

    public @ResponseBody User get(@PathVariable String param) {

        User u = new User();

        u.setName(param);

        u.setPassword(param);

        u.setEmail(param);

        u.setUsername("爱爱啊");

        return u;

    }

    @RequestMapping(value = "dealCon2/{param}")

    public @ResponseBody User dealCon2(@PathVariable String param) {

        User user = null;

        try {

            HttpClient client = HttpClients.createDefault();

            if("get".equals(param)){

                HttpGet request = new HttpGet("http://localhost:8080/tao-manager-web/get/"

                        +"啊啊啊");

                request.setHeader("Accept", "application/json");

                HttpResponse response = client.execute(request);

                HttpEntity entity = response.getEntity();

                ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();

                user = mapper.readValue(entity.getContent(), User.class);

            }else if("post".equals(param)){

                HttpPost request2 = new HttpPost("http://localhost:8080/tao-manager-web/post/xxx");

                List<NameValuePair> nvps = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();

                nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("id", "啊啊啊"));

                nvps.add(new BasicNameValuePair("name", "secret"));

                UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvps, "GBK");

                request2.setEntity(formEntity);

                HttpResponse response2 = client.execute(request2);

                HttpEntity entity = response2.getEntity();

                ObjectMapper mapper = new ObjectMapper();

                user = mapper.readValue(entity.getContent(), User.class);

            }else if("delete".equals(param)){

            }else if("put".equals(param)){

            }

        } catch (Exception e) {

            e.printStackTrace();

        }

        return user;

    }

}
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4.Spring的RestTemplate

springmvc.xml增加

<!-- 配置RestTemplate -->

    <!--Http client Factory -->

    <bean id="httpClientFactory"

        class="org.springframework.http.client.SimpleClientHttpRequestFactory">

        <property name="connectTimeout" value="10000" />

        <property name="readTimeout" value="10000" />

    </bean>

    <!--RestTemplate -->

    <bean id="restTemplate" class="org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate">

        <constructor-arg ref="httpClientFactory" />

    </bean>
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controller

@Controller

public class RestTemplateAction {

    @Autowired

    private RestTemplate template;

    @RequestMapping("RestTem")

    public @ResponseBody User RestTem(String method) {

        User user = null;

        //查找

        if ("get".equals(method)) {

            user = template.getForObject(

                    "http://localhost:8080/tao-manager-web/get/{id}",

                    User.class, "呜呜呜呜");

            //getForEntity与getForObject的区别是可以获取返回值和状态、头等信息

            ResponseEntity<User> re = template.

                    getForEntity("http://localhost:8080/tao-manager-web/get/{id}",

                    User.class, "呜呜呜呜");

            System.out.println(re.getStatusCode());

            System.out.println(re.getBody().getUsername());

        //新增

        } else if ("post".equals(method)) {

            HttpHeaders headers = new HttpHeaders();

            headers.add("X-Auth-Token", UUID.randomUUID().toString());

            MultiValueMap<String, String> postParameters = new LinkedMultiValueMap<String, String>();

            postParameters.add("id", "啊啊啊");

            postParameters.add("name", "部版本");

            HttpEntity<MultiValueMap<String, String>> requestEntity = new HttpEntity<MultiValueMap<String, String>>(

                    postParameters, headers);

            user = template.postForObject(

                    "http://localhost:8080/tao-manager-web/post/aaa", requestEntity,

                    User.class);

        //删除

        } else if ("delete".equals(method)) {

            template.delete("http://localhost:8080/tao-manager-web/delete/{id}","aaa");

        //修改

        } else if ("put".equals(method)) {

            template.put("http://localhost:8080/tao-manager-web/put/{id}",null,"bbb");

        }

        return user;

    }

}

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