Installing Memcached on Windows

原文链接https://commaster.net/content/installing-memcached-windows
 
Submitted by COMMASTER21JAN '15

Memcached is a high performance, in-memory key-value store or caching system. Its main purpose is to speed up web applications by caching database queries, contents, or other computed results.

Memcached is originally a linux application, but since it is open-source, it has been compiled for windows. There are two major sources for the pre-built windows binary: Jellycan and Northscale, and both versions can be used. The following are the download links for the memcached windows binaries:

http://code.jellycan.com/files/memcached-1.2.5-win32-bin.zip
http://code.jellycan.com/files/memcached-1.2.6-win32-bin.zip
http://downloads.northscale.com/memcached-win32-1.4.4-14.zip
http://downloads.northscale.com/memcached-win64-1.4.4-14.zip
http://downloads.northscale.com/memcached-1.4.5-x86.zip
http://downloads.northscale.com/memcached-1.4.5-amd64.zip

In versions earlier than 1.4.5, memcached can install itself as a service. However, the ability to run memcached as a service is removed since version 1.4.5. Therefore, the installation steps are divided into two categories, part A for memcached prior to version 1.4.5. and part B for memcached version 1.4.5 and later.

A) Installation of memcached < 1.4.5:

  1. Extract the memcached windows binary to any directory.
  2. In versions earlier than 1.4.5, memcached can install itself as a service. Run a command prompt with elevated privileges, and type:
    c:\memcached\memcached.exe -d install

    * Replace c:\memcached\memcached.exe with the actual path of your installation.

  3. Then, start or stop the memcached service with the following command:
    c:\memcached\memcached.exe -d start
    c:\memcached\memcached.exe -d stop
  4. To change the configuration of memcached, run regedit.exe and navigate to the key "HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\memcached". Suppose you wish to increase the memory limit of memcached, edit the value of ImagePath to the following:
    "c:\memcached\memcached.exe" -d runservice -m 512

    * Besides '-m 512', you may also append other memcached parameters to the path. Run "c:\memcached\memcached.exe -h" to view the list of available parameters.

  5. Meanwhile, to uninstall the memcached serivce, run the following command:
    c:\memcached\memcached.exe -d uninstall

B) Installation of memcached >= 1.4.5:

  1. Extract the memcached windows binary to any directory.
  2. In version 1.4.5 or later, memcached cannot run as a service. It must be started as a normal process using the task scheduler. To configure the memcached process to run automatically every time windows start, run a command prompt with elevated privileges, and type the following:
    schtasks /create /sc onstart /tn memcached /tr "'c:\memcached\memcached.exe' -m 512"

    * Replace c:\memcached\memcached.exe with the actual path of your installation.
    ** Besides '-m 512', you may also append other memcached parameters to the path. Run "c:\memcached\memcached.exe -h" to view the list of available parameters.

  3. Meanwhile, to remove the scheduled memcached task, run the following command:
    schtasks /delete /tn memcached

Integrating with PHP

To interface with memcached in PHP, you need to install the memcache extension for PHP:

  1. Check that your PHP extension folder has the file php_memcache.dll. If not, download the file from https://pecl.php.net/package/memcache (select the windows dll file), and place it in the PHP extension folder.
  2. Add the following line in php.ini to enable the memcache extension.
    extension=php_memcache.dll
  3. Create this simple php script file to test that it works.
    <?php
    
    $memcache = new Memcache;
    $memcache->connect('localhost', 11211) or die ("Could not connect"); $version = $memcache->getVersion();
    echo "Server's version: ".$version."<br/>\n"; $tmp_object = new stdClass;
    $tmp_object->str_attr = 'test';
    $tmp_object->int_attr = 123; $memcache->set('key', $tmp_object, false, 10) or die ("Failed to save data at the server");
    echo "Store data in the cache (data will expire in 10 seconds)<br/>\n"; $get_result = $memcache->get('key');
    echo "Data from the cache:<br/>\n"; var_dump($get_result); ?>

Integrating with Python

To interface with memcached in Python, you need to install the memcached client for Python.

  1. Execute one of the following command to install the memcached client. The first is for Python 2.x while the second is for Python 3.x.

    pip install python-memcached
    pip install python3-memcached
  2. Create this simple python script to test that it works.
    import memcache
    mc = memcache.Client(['127.0.0.1:11211'], debug=0)
    mc.set("some_key", "Some value")
    value = mc.get("some_key")
    mc.set("another_key", 3)
    mc.delete("another_key")
    mc.set("key", "1")   # note that the key used for incr/decr must be a string.
    mc.incr("key")
    mc.decr("key")

Memcached statistics

To view the statistics for memcached, bring up a telnet connection to memcached by the command:

telnet 127.0.0.1 11211

Then, type stats and enter.

Here is an explanation of the different memcached stats.

Name Type Meaning
pid 32u Process id of this server process
uptime 32u Number of secs since the server started
time 32u current UNIX time according to the server
version string Version string of this server
pointer_size 32 Default size of pointers on the host OS (generally 32 or 64)
rusage_user 32u.32u Accumulated user time for this process (seconds:microseconds)
rusage_system 32u.32u Accumulated system time for this process (seconds:microseconds)
curr_items 32u Current number of items stored
total_items 32u Total number of items stored since the server started
bytes 64u Current number of bytes used to store items
curr_connections 32u Number of open connections
total_connections 32u Total number of connections opened since the server started running
connection_structures 32u Number of connection structures allocated by the server
reserved_fds 32u Number of misc fds used internally
cmd_get 64u Cumulative number of retrieval reqs
cmd_set 64u Cumulative number of storage reqs
cmd_flush 64u Cumulative number of flush reqs
cmd_touch 64u Cumulative number of touch reqs
get_hits 64u Number of keys that have been requested and found present
get_misses 64u Number of items that have been requested and not found
delete_misses 64u Number of deletions reqs for missing keys
delete_hits 64u Number of deletion reqs resulting in an item being removed.
incr_misses 64u Number of incr reqs against missing keys.
incr_hits 64u Number of successful incr reqs.
decr_misses 64u Number of decr reqs against missing keys.
decr_hits 64u Number of successful decr reqs.
cas_misses 64u Number of CAS reqs against missing keys.
cas_hits 64u Number of successful CAS reqs.
cas_badval 64u Number of CAS reqs for which a key was found, but the CAS value did not match.
touch_hits 64u Numer of keys that have been touched with a new expiration time
touch_misses 64u Numer of items that have been touched and not found
auth_cmds 64u Number of authentication commands handled, success or failure.
auth_errors 64u Number of failed authentications.
evictions 64u Number of valid items removed from cache to free memory for new items
reclaimed 64u Number of times an entry was stored using memory from an expired entry
bytes_read 64u Total number of bytes read by this server from network
bytes_written 64u Total number of bytes sent by this server to network
limit_maxbytes 32u Number of bytes this server is allowed to use for storage.
threads 32u Number of worker threads requested. (see doc/threads.txt)
conn_yields 64u Number of times any connection yielded to another due to hitting the -R limit.
hash_power_level 32u Current size multiplier for hash table
hash_bytes 64u Bytes currently used by hash tables
hash_is_expanding bool Indicates if the hash table is being grown to a new size
expired_unfetched 64u Items pulled from LRU that were never touched by get/incr/append/etc before expiring
evicted_unfetched 64u Items evicted from LRU that were never touched by get/incr/append/etc.
slab_reassign_running bool If a slab page is being moved
slabs_moved 64u Total slab pages moved
crawler_reclaimed 64u Total items freed by LRU Crawler
lrutail_reflocked 64u Times LRU tail was found with active ref. Items moved to head to avoid OOM errors.
Name Type Meaning

Source: https://github.com/memcached/memcached/blob/master/doc/protocol.txt

另,stackoverflow:

http://stackoverflow.com/questions/8896/can-i-get-memcached-running-on-a-windows-x64-64bit-environment

North Scale labs have released a build of memcached 1.4.4 for Windows x64:

http://blog.couchbase.com/memcached-windows-64-bit-pre-release-available

http://labs.northscale.com/memcached-packages/

UPDATE: they have recently released Memcached Server - still FREE but enhanced distro with clustering, web-based admin/stats UI etc. (I'm not related to them in any way) Check it out at http://northscale.com/products/memcached.html and download at: http://www.northscale.com/download.php?a=d

UPDATE 2: NorthScale Memcached is no longer available as a standalone download. Now they have made it part of their commercial No-SQL DB offering called Membase. It can be configured to run in Memcached-only mode (i.e. without persistence) and there's a 100% free version too. Check it out here: http://www.membase.org/downloads

UPDATE 3: MemBase has slept with CouchDB and produced a hybrid product offering, called CouchBase. They still do offer a free "Community" version at http://www.couchbase.com/download

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