nginx简单实现反向代理和静态资源服务器

1修改hosts文件

127.0.0.1    www.test1.com
127.0.0.1    www.test2.com
127.0.0.1    static.com

2配置tomcat的server.xml

<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>

<Server port="8005" shutdown="SHUTDOWN">
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.startup.VersionLoggerListener" />

  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JreMemoryLeakPreventionListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.mbeans.GlobalResourcesLifecycleListener" />
  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.ThreadLocalLeakPreventionListener" />

  <GlobalNamingResources>

    <Resource name="UserDatabase" auth="Container"
              type="org.apache.catalina.UserDatabase"
              description="User database that can be updated and saved"
              factory="org.apache.catalina.users.MemoryUserDatabaseFactory"
              pathname="conf/tomcat-users.xml" />
  </GlobalNamingResources>

  <Service name="Catalina">

    <Connector port="8080" protocol="HTTP/1.1"
               connectionTimeout="20000"
               redirectPort="8443" />

    <Connector port="8009" protocol="AJP/1.3" redirectPort="8443" />

    <Engine name="Catalina" defaultHost="localhost">

      <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.LockOutRealm">
        <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.UserDatabaseRealm"
               resourceName="UserDatabase"/>
      </Realm>

      <Host name="localhost"  appBase="webapps"
            unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">
        <Valve className="org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve" directory="logs"
               prefix="localhost_access_log." suffix=".txt"
               pattern="%h %l %u %t &quot;%r&quot; %s %b" />

      </Host>

       <Host name="www.test1.com"  appBase="webapps"
            unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">

        <Context path ="" docBase ="/test1" debug ="0" reloadbale ="true" ></Context>

      </Host>

      <Host name="www.test2.com"  appBase="webapps"
            unpackWARs="true" autoDeploy="true">

        <Context path ="" docBase ="/test2" debug ="0" reloadbale ="true" ></Context>

      </Host>
    </Engine>
  </Service>
</Server>

将test1和test2项目放在tomcat根目录/webapps下（项目用war包或者war解压后的目录文件都行）

3配置nginx的nginx.conf文件

 #user  nobody;
 worker_processes  1;

 #error_log  logs/error.log;
 #error_log  logs/error.log  notice;
 #error_log  logs/error.log  info;

 #pid        logs/nginx.pid;

 events {
     worker_connections  1024;
 }

 http {
     include       mime.types;
     default_type  application/octet-stream;

     #log_format  main  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
     #                  '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
     #                  '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

     #access_log  logs/access.log  main;

     sendfile        on;
     #tcp_nopush     on;

     #keepalive_timeout  0;
     keepalive_timeout  65;

     #gzip  on;

     server {
         listen       80;
         server_name  localhost;

         #charset koi8-r;

         #access_log  logs/host.access.log  main;

         location / {
             root   html;
             index  index.html index.htm;
         }

         #error_page  404              /404.html;

         # redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
         #
         error_page   500 502 503 504  /50x.html;
         location = /50x.html {
             root   html;
         }

         # proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
         #
         #location ~ \.php$ {
         #    proxy_pass   http://127.0.0.1;
         #}

         # pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
         #
         #location ~ \.php$ {
         #    root           html;
         #    fastcgi_pass   127.0.0.1:9000;
         #    fastcgi_index  index.php;
         #    fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME  /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
         #    include        fastcgi_params;
         #}

         # deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
         # concurs with nginx's one
         #
         #location ~ /\.ht {
         #    deny  all;
         #}
     }

     # another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
     #
     #server {
     #    listen       8000;
     #    listen       somename:8080;
     #    server_name  somename  alias  another.alias;

     #    location / {
     #        root   html;
     #        index  index.html index.htm;
     #    }
     #}

     # HTTPS server
     #
     #server {
     #    listen       443 ssl;
     #    server_name  localhost;

     #    ssl_certificate      cert.pem;
     #    ssl_certificate_key  cert.key;

     #    ssl_session_cache    shared:SSL:1m;
     #    ssl_session_timeout  5m;

     #    ssl_ciphers  HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
     #    ssl_prefer_server_ciphers  on;

     #    location / {
     #        root   html;
     #        index  index.html index.htm;
     #    }
     #}

     upstream Tomcat_client {
        server localhost:8080;
     }
      server {
         listen 80;
         server_name www.test1.com;

         location / {
             proxy_pass http://Tomcat_client;
             proxy_redirect default;
             #设置代理
             proxy_set_header Host $host;
             proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
         }
     }

     server {
         listen 80;
         server_name www.test2.com;
         location / {
             proxy_pass http://Tomcat_client;
             proxy_redirect default;
             #设置代理
             proxy_set_header Host $host;
             proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr;
         }
     }

     server {
         listen 80;
         server_name static.com;

         location / {
             root   C:/image;
             autoindex on;

         }
     }

 }

主要关注116~153行；启动toncat和nginx，在C盘下建image文件，可通过http://static.com/直接访问静态资源。也可在其他html页面访问静态资源

浏览器输入www.test1.com回车，因为http默认端口为80，所以相当于输入的是www.test1.com:80 而nginx监听了80端口，找到server_name为www.test1.com的server，然后将请求交给被代理的tomcat服务器，如136行所示，Tomcat_client实际上表示localhost:8080