前言

OpenStake 自动化部署工具一向被视为 OpenStack 发展的重点，现已被市场认可的有 Kolla、TripleO 等优秀工具。但今天我们不聊自动化部署，有兴趣的小伙伴可以浏览《Kolla 让 OpenStack 部署更贴心》。本篇的内容将一反常规，追求极致简约的 OpenStack 手动部署，抛开一切外在因素窥探 OpenStack 的本真。是一篇科普向的 OpenStack 入门介绍。

BTW，OpenStack 研发工程师不能过于依赖自动化部署工具，这会使得对 OpenStack 的理解流于表面。不妨花点时间试着手动部署一次，看看最原始的 OpenStack 到底长什么样子。

官方文档：https://docs.openstack.org/install-guide/

OpenStack 架构

Conceptual architecture

Logical architecture

网络选型

Networking Option 1: Provider networks

The provider networks option deploys the OpenStack Networking service in the simplest way possible with primarily layer-2 (bridging/switching) services and VLAN segmentation of networks. Essentially, it bridges virtual networks to physical networks and relies on physical network infrastructure for layer-3 (routing) services. Additionally, a DHCP service provides IP address information to instances.

The OpenStack user requires more information about the underlying network infrastructure to create a virtual network to exactly match the infrastructure.

WARNING: option lacks support for self-service (private) networks, layer-3 (routing) services, and advanced services such as LBaaS and FWaaS. Consider the self-service networks option below if you desire these features.

Provider networks 是将节点的虚拟网络桥接到运营商的物理网络（e.g. L2/L3 交换机、路由器），是一种比较简单的网络模型，物理网络设备的加入也使得网络具有更高的性能。但由于 Neutron 无需启用 L3 Router 服务，所以也就不能支持 LBaaS、FWaaS 等高级功能。

Networking Option 2: Self-service networks

The self-service networks option augments the provider networks option with layer-3 (routing) services that enable self-service networks using overlay segmentation methods such as VXLAN. Essentially, it routes virtual networks to physical networks using NAT. Additionally, this option provides the foundation for advanced services such as LBaaS and FWaaS.

The OpenStack user can create virtual networks without the knowledge of underlying infrastructure on the data network. This can also include VLAN networks if the layer-2 plug-in is configured accordingly.

Self-service networks（自服务的网络），是一套完整的 L2、L3 网络虚拟化解决方案，用户可以在完全不了解底层物理网络拓扑的情况下创建虚拟网络，Neutron 为用户提供多租户隔离多平面网络。

双节点部署网络拓扑

Controller

ens160: 172.18.22.231/24
ens192: 10.0.0.1/24
ens224: br-provider NIC
sba：系统盘
sdb：Cinder 存储盘

Compute

ens160: 172.18.22.232/24
ens192: 10.0.0.2/24
sba：系统盘

NOTE：下述 “fanguiju” 均为替换密码。

基础服务

DNS 域名解析

NOTE：我们使用 hosts 文件代替。

Controller

[root@controller ~]# cat /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1   controller localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4

::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

172.18.22.231 controller

172.18.22.232 compute

Compute

[root@compute ~]# cat /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1   controller localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4

::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

172.18.22.231 controller

172.18.22.232 compute

NTP 时间同步

Controller

[root@controller ~]# cat /etc/chrony.conf | grep -v ^# | grep -v ^$

server 0.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst

server 1.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst

server 2.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst

server 3.centos.pool.ntp.org iburst

driftfile /var/lib/chrony/drift

makestep 1.0 3

rtcsync

allow 172.18.22.0/24

logdir /var/log/chrony

[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable chronyd.service

[root@controller ~]# systemctl start chronyd.service

[root@controller ~]# chronyc sources

210 Number of sources = 4

MS Name/IP address         Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample

===============================================================================

^+ ntp1.ams1.nl.leaseweb.net     2   6    77    24  -4781us[-6335us] +/-  178ms

^? static.186.49.130.94.cli>     0   8     0     -     +0ns[   +0ns] +/-    0ns

^? sv1.ggsrv.de                  2   7     1    17    -36ms[  -36ms] +/-  130ms

^* 124-108-20-1.static.beta>     2   6    77    24   +382us[-1172us] +/-  135ms

Compute

[root@compute ~]# cat /etc/chrony.conf | grep -v ^# | grep -v ^$

server controller iburst

driftfile /var/lib/chrony/drift

makestep 1.0 3

rtcsync

logdir /var/log/chrony

[root@compute ~]# systemctl enable chronyd.service

[root@compute ~]# systemctl start chronyd.service

[root@compute ~]# chronyc sources

210 Number of sources = 1

MS Name/IP address         Stratum Poll Reach LastRx Last sample

===============================================================================

^? controller                    0   7     0     -     +0ns[   +0ns] +/-    0ns

YUM 仓库源

Controller & Compute

yum install centos-release-openstack-rocky -y

yum upgrade -y

yum install python-openstackclient -y

yum install openstack-selinux -y

MySQL 数据库

Controller

yum install mariadb mariadb-server python2-PyMySQL -y

[root@controller ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf.d/openstack.cnf

[mysqld]

bind-address = 172.18.22.231

default-storage-engine = innodb

innodb_file_per_table = on

max_connections = 4096

collation-server = utf8_general_ci

character-set-server = utf8

[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable mariadb.service

[root@controller ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service

[root@controller ~]# systemctl status mariadb.service

# 初始化 MySQL 数据库密码

[root@controller ~]# mysql_secure_installation

问题：OpenStack 服务的接口响应都很慢，而且会出现 Too many connections 的异常。

TS：OpenStack 众多服务都会访问 MySQL 数据库，所以要对 MySQL 进行一些参数的设置，例如：增加最大连接数量、减少连接等待时间、自动清楚连接数间隔等等。e.g.

[root@controller ~]# cat /etc/my.cnf | grep -v ^$ | grep -v ^#

[client-server]

[mysqld]

symbolic-links=0

max_connections=1000

wait_timeout=5

# interactive_timeout = 600

!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d

RabbitMQ 消息队列

Controller

yum install rabbitmq-server -y

[root@controller ~]#  systemctl enable rabbitmq-server.service

[root@controller ~]#  systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service

[root@controller ~]#  systemctl status rabbitmq-server.service

# 初始化 RabbitMQ 用户密码及权限

[root@controller ~]#  rabbitmqctl add_user openstack fanguiju

[root@controller ~]#  rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack ".*" ".*" ".*"

问题：

Error: unable to connect to node rabbit@localhost: nodedown

DIAGNOSTICS

===========

attempted to contact: [rabbit@localhost]

rabbit@localhost:

  * connected to epmd (port 4369) on localhost

  * epmd reports node 'rabbit' running on port 25672

  * TCP connection succeeded but Erlang distribution failed

  * Hostname mismatch: node "rabbit@controller" believes its host is different. Please ensure that hostnames resolve the same way locally and on "rabbit@controller"

current node details:

- node name: 'rabbitmq-cli-50@controller'

- home dir: /var/lib/rabbitmq

- cookie hash: J6O4pu2pK+BQLf1TTaZSwQ==

TS：Hostname mismatch（主机名不匹配），hostname 的修改对于 RabbitMQ 而言还存在滞后的 Cookie，重启操作系统即可解决。

更多 RabbitMQ 参考《快速入门分布式消息队列之 RabbitMQ》。

Memcached

The Identity service authentication mechanism for services uses Memcached to cache tokens. The memcached service typically runs on the controller node. For production deployments, we recommend enabling a combination of firewalling, authentication, and encryption to secure it.

Controller

yum install memcached python-memcached -y

[root@controller ~]# cat /etc/sysconfig/memcached

PORT="11211"

USER="memcached"

MAXCONN="1024"

CACHESIZE="64"

# OPTIONS="-l 127.0.0.1,::1"

OPTIONS="-l 127.0.0.1,::1,controller"

[root@controller ~]# systemctl enable memcached.service

[root@controller ~]# systemctl start memcached.service

[root@controller ~]# systemctl status memcached.service

Etcd

OpenStack services may use Etcd, a distributed reliable key-value store for distributed key locking, storing configuration, keeping track of service live-ness and other scenarios.

Controller

yum install etcd -y

[root@controller ~]# cat  /etc/etcd/etcd.conf

#[Member]

ETCD_DATA_DIR="/var/lib/etcd/default.etcd"

ETCD_LISTEN_PEER_URLS="http://172.18.22.231:2380"

ETCD_LISTEN_CLIENT_URLS="http://172.18.22.231:2379"

ETCD_NAME="controller"

#[Clustering]

ETCD_INITIAL_ADVERTISE_PEER_URLS="http://172.18.22.231:2380"

ETCD_ADVERTISE_CLIENT_URLS="http://172.18.22.231:2379"

ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER="controller=http://172.18.22.231:2380"

ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_TOKEN="etcd-cluster-01"

ETCD_INITIAL_CLUSTER_STATE="new"

[root@controller ~]#  systemctl enable etcd

[root@controller ~]#  systemctl start etcd

[root@controller ~]# systemctl status etcd

OpenStack Projects

Keystone（Controller）

Keystone 认证原理请浏览《OpenStack 组件实现原理 — Keystone 认证功能》。

软件包

yum install openstack-keystone httpd mod_wsgi -y

配置

# /etc/keystone/keystone.conf

[database]

connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:fanguiju@controller/keystone

[token]

provider = fernet

创建 keystone 数据库

CREATE DATABASE keystone;

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'fanguiju';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'fanguiju';

初始化 keystone 数据库

su -s /bin/sh -c "keystone-manage db_sync" keystone

启用 Fernet key

keystone-manage fernet_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone

keystone-manage credential_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone

Fernet key 的特性请浏览《理解 Keystone 的四种 Token》

Bootstrap Keystone Services，自动创建 default domain、admin project、admin user (password)、admin role、member role、reader role 以及 keystone service 和 identity endpoint。

keystone-manage bootstrap --bootstrap-password fanguiju \

  --bootstrap-admin-url http://controller:5000/v3/ \

  --bootstrap-internal-url http://controller:5000/v3/ \

  --bootstrap-public-url http://controller:5000/v3/ \

  --bootstrap-region-id RegionOne

配置及启动 Apache HTTP server

NOTE：Keystone 的 Web Server 依托于 Apache HTTP server，是 httpd 的虚拟主机。

ln -s /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf /etc/httpd/conf.d/

# /usr/share/keystone/wsgi-keystone.conf

# keystone 虚拟主机机配置文件

Listen 5000

<VirtualHost *:5000>

    WSGIDaemonProcess keystone-public processes=5 threads=1 user=keystone group=keystone display-name=%{GROUP}

    WSGIProcessGroup keystone-public

    WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/bin/keystone-wsgi-public

    WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}

    WSGIPassAuthorization On

    LimitRequestBody 114688

    <IfVersion >= 2.4>

      ErrorLogFormat "%{cu}t %M"

    </IfVersion>

    ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/keystone.log

    CustomLog /var/log/httpd/keystone_access.log combined

    <Directory /usr/bin>

        <IfVersion >= 2.4>

            Require all granted

        </IfVersion>

        <IfVersion < 2.4>

            Order allow,deny

            Allow from all

        </IfVersion>

    </Directory>

</VirtualHost>

Alias /identity /usr/bin/keystone-wsgi-public

<Location /identity>

    SetHandler wsgi-script

    Options +ExecCGI

    WSGIProcessGroup keystone-public

    WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}

    WSGIPassAuthorization On

</Location>

# /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

ServerName controller

systemctl enable httpd.service

systemctl start httpd.service

systemctl status httpd.service

创建租户

注入临时身份鉴权变量：

export OS_USERNAME=admin

export OS_PASSWORD=fanguiju

export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin

export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default

export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default

export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3

export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3

NOTE：keystone-manage bootstrap 后就已经完成了 admin 租户及用户的初始化了，现在只需要再创建一个 service project 用于包含 OpenStack Projects（e.g. Nova、Cinder、Neutron）。如果有必要也可以同时创建一个普通租户 Demo 以及该租户下的用户 myuser。e.g.

openstack project create --domain default --description "Service Project" service

openstack project create --domain default --description "Demo Project" myproject

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt myuser

openstack role create myrole

openstack role add --project myproject --user myuser myrole

[root@controller ~]# openstack domain list

+---------+---------+---------+--------------------+

| ID      | Name    | Enabled | Description        |

+---------+---------+---------+--------------------+

| default | Default | True    | The default domain |

+---------+---------+---------+--------------------+

[root@controller ~]# openstack project list

+----------------------------------+-----------+

| ID                               | Name      |

+----------------------------------+-----------+

| 64e45ce71e4843f3af4715d165f417b6 | service   |

| a2b55e37121042a1862275a9bc9b0223 | admin     |

| a50bbb6cd831484d934eb03f989b988b | myproject |

+----------------------------------+-----------+

[root@controller ~]# openstack group list

[root@controller ~]# openstack user list

+----------------------------------+--------+

| ID                               | Name   |

+----------------------------------+--------+

| 2cd4bbe862e54afe9292107928338f3f | myuser |

| 92602c24daa24f019f05ecb95f1ce68e | admin  |

+----------------------------------+--------+

[root@controller ~]# openstack role list

+----------------------------------+--------+

| ID                               | Name   |

+----------------------------------+--------+

| 3bc0396aae414b5d96488d974a301405 | reader |

| 811f5caa2ac747a5b61fe91ab93f2f2f | myrole |

| 9366e60815bc4f1d80b1e57d51f7c228 | admin  |

| d9e0d3e5d1954feeb81e353117c15340 | member |

+----------------------------------+--------+

Verify

[root@controller ~]# unset OS_AUTH_URL OS_PASSWORD

[root@controller ~]# openstack --os-auth-url http://controller:5000/v3 \

>   --os-project-domain-name Default --os-user-domain-name Default \

>   --os-project-name admin --os-username admin token issue

Password:

+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

| Field      | Value                                                                                                                                                                                   |

+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

| expires    | 2019-03-29T12:36:47+0000                                                                                                                                                                |

| id         | gAAAAABcngNPjXntVhVAmLbek0MH7ZSzeYGC4cfipy4E3aiy_dRjEyJiPehNH2dkDVI94vHHHdni1h27BJvLp6gqIqglGVDHallPn3PqgZt3-JMq_dyxx2euQL1bhSNX9rAUbBvzL9_0LBPKw2glQmmRli9Qhu8QUz5tRkbxAb6iP7R2o-mU30Y |

| project_id | a2b55e37121042a1862275a9bc9b0223                                                                                                                                                        |

| user_id    | 92602c24daa24f019f05ecb95f1ce68e                                                                                                                                                        |

+------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+

创建 OpenStack client environment scripts

[root@controller ~]# cat adminrc

export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default

export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default

export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin

export OS_USERNAME=admin

export OS_PASSWORD=fanguiju

export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3

export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3

export OS_IMAGE_API_VERSION=2

[root@controller ~]# source adminrc

[root@controller ~]# openstack catalog list

+----------+----------+----------------------------------------+

| Name     | Type     | Endpoints                              |

+----------+----------+----------------------------------------+

| keystone | identity | RegionOne                              |

|          |          |   admin: http://controller:5000/v3/    |

|          |          | RegionOne                              |

|          |          |   public: http://controller:5000/v3/   |

|          |          | RegionOne                              |

|          |          |   internal: http://controller:5000/v3/ |

|          |          |                                        |

+----------+----------+----------------------------------------+

Glance（Controller）

更多 Glance 架构信息请浏览《OpenStack 组件实现原理 — Glance 架构(V1/V2)》。

添加 Glance 用户及其鉴权信息

openstack service create --name glance --description "OpenStack Image" image

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt glance

openstack role add --project service --user glance admin

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image public http://controller:9292

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image internal http://controller:9292

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image admin http://controller:9292

[root@controller ~]# openstack catalog list

+-----------+-----------+-----------------------------------------+

| Name      | Type      | Endpoints                               |

+-----------+-----------+-----------------------------------------+

| glance    | image     | RegionOne                               |

|           |           |   admin: http://controller:9292         |

|           |           | RegionOne                               |

|           |           |   public: http://controller:9292        |

|           |           | RegionOne                               |

|           |           |   internal: http://controller:9292      |

|           |           |                                         |

| keystone  | identity  | RegionOne                               |

|           |           |   admin: http://controller:5000/v3/     |

|           |           | RegionOne                               |

|           |           |   public: http://controller:5000/v3/    |

|           |           | RegionOne                               |

|           |           |   internal: http://controller:5000/v3/  |

|           |           |                                         |

+-----------+-----------+-----------------------------------------+

软件包

yum install openstack-glance -y

配置

# /etc/glance/glance-api.conf

[glance_store]

stores = file,http

default_store = file

# 本地的镜像文件存放目录

filesystem_store_datadir = /var/lib/glance/images/

[database]

connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:fanguiju@controller/glance

[keystone_authtoken]

auth_uri = http://controller:5000

auth_url = http://controller:5000

memcached_servers = controller:11211

auth_type = password

project_domain_name = Default

user_domain_name = Default

project_name = service

username = glance

password = fanguiju

[paste_deploy]

flavor = keystone

# /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf 

[database]

connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:fanguiju@controller/glance

[keystone_authtoken]

auth_uri = http://controller:5000

auth_url = http://controller:5000

memcached_servers = controller:11211

auth_type = password

project_domain_name = Default

user_domain_name = Default

project_name = service

username = glance

password = fanguiju

[paste_deploy]

flavor = keystone

创建 Glance 数据库

CREATE DATABASE glance;

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'fanguiju';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON glance.* TO 'glance'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'fanguiju';

初始化 Glance 数据库

su -s /bin/sh -c "glance-manage db_sync" glance

启动服务

systemctl enable openstack-glance-api.service openstack-glance-registry.service

systemctl start openstack-glance-api.service openstack-glance-registry.service

systemctl status openstack-glance-api.service openstack-glance-registry.service

Verify

wget http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.4.0/cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk.img

openstack image create "cirros" \

  --file cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk.img \

  --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare \

  --public

[root@controller ~]# openstack image list

+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+

| ID                                   | Name   | Status |

+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+

| 59355e1b-2342-497b-9863-5c8b9969adf5 | cirros | active |

+--------------------------------------+--------+--------+

[root@controller ~]# ll /var/lib/glance/images/

total 12980

-rw-r-----. 1 glance glance 13287936 Mar 29 10:33 59355e1b-2342-497b-9863-5c8b9969adf5

Nova（Controller）

更多 Nova 信息请浏览《OpenStack 组件部署 — Nova Overview》。

添加 Nova 用户及其鉴权信息

openstack service create --name nova --description "OpenStack Compute" compute

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt nova

openstack role add --project service --user nova admin

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute public http://controller:8774/v2.1

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute internal http://controller:8774/v2.1

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute admin http://controller:8774/v2.1

openstack service create --name placement --description "Placement API" placement

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt placement

openstack role add --project service --user placement admin

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement public http://controller:8778

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement internal http://controller:8778

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne placement admin http://controller:8778

[root@controller ~]# openstack catalog list

+-----------+-----------+-----------------------------------------+

| Name      | Type      | Endpoints                               |

+-----------+-----------+-----------------------------------------+

| nova      | compute   | RegionOne                               |

|           |           |   internal: http://controller:8774/v2.1 |

|           |           | RegionOne                               |

|           |           |   admin: http://controller:8774/v2.1    |

|           |           | RegionOne                               |

|           |           |   public: http://controller:8774/v2.1   |

|           |           |                                         |

| glance    | image     | RegionOne                               |

|           |           |   admin: http://controller:9292         |

|           |           | RegionOne                               |

|           |           |   public: http://controller:9292        |

|           |           | RegionOne                               |

|           |           |   internal: http://controller:9292      |

|           |           |                                         |

| keystone  | identity  | RegionOne                               |

|           |           |   admin: http://controller:5000/v3/     |

|           |           | RegionOne                               |

|           |           |   public: http://controller:5000/v3/    |

|           |           | RegionOne                               |

|           |           |   internal: http://controller:5000/v3/  |

|           |           |                                         |

| placement | placement | RegionOne                               |

|           |           |   internal: http://controller:8778      |

|           |           | RegionOne                               |

|           |           |   public: http://controller:8778        |

|           |           | RegionOne                               |

|           |           |   admin: http://controller:8778         |

|           |           |                                         |

+-----------+-----------+-----------------------------------------+

软件包

yum install openstack-nova-api openstack-nova-conductor \

  openstack-nova-console openstack-nova-novncproxy \

  openstack-nova-scheduler openstack-nova-placement-api -y

配置

# /etc/nova/nova.conf

[DEFAULT]

my_ip = 172.18.22.231

enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata

transport_url = rabbit://openstack:fanguiju@controller

use_neutron = true

firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver

[api_database]

connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:fanguiju@controller/nova_api

[database]

connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:fanguiju@controller/nova

[placement_database]

connection = mysql+pymysql://placement:fanguiju@controller/placement

[api]

auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]

auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3

memcached_servers = controller:11211

auth_type = password

project_domain_name = default

user_domain_name = default

project_name = service

username = nova

password = fanguiju

[vnc]

enabled = true

server_listen = $my_ip

server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip

[glance]

api_servers = http://controller:9292

[oslo_concurrency]

lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp

[placement]

region_name = RegionOne

project_domain_name = Default

project_name = service

auth_type = password

user_domain_name = Default

auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3

username = placement

password = fanguiju

创建 Nova 相关数据库

CREATE DATABASE nova_api;

CREATE DATABASE nova;

CREATE DATABASE nova_cell0;

CREATE DATABASE placement;

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'fanguiju';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_api.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'fanguiju';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'fanguiju';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'fanguiju';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'fanguiju';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON nova_cell0.* TO 'nova'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'fanguiju';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON placement.* TO 'placement'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'fanguiju';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON placement.* TO 'placement'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'fanguiju';

初始化 Nova API 和 Placement 数据库

su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage api_db sync" nova

更多 Placement 信息请浏览《OpenStack Placement Project》。

初始化 Nova 数据库

su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova

注册 cell0 数据库

su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 map_cell0" nova

创建 cell1

su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 create_cell --name=cell1 --verbose" nova

验证 cell0、cell1

su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 list_cells" nova

更多 Nova Cell 的信息请浏览《Nova Cell V2 详解》。

注册 Placement Web Server 到 httpd

# /etc/httpd/conf.d/00-nova-placement-api.conf

Listen 8778

<VirtualHost *:8778>

  WSGIProcessGroup nova-placement-api

  WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}

  WSGIPassAuthorization On

  WSGIDaemonProcess nova-placement-api processes=3 threads=1 user=nova group=nova

  WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/bin/nova-placement-api

  <IfVersion >= 2.4>

    ErrorLogFormat "%M"

  </IfVersion>

  ErrorLog /var/log/nova/nova-placement-api.log

  #SSLEngine On

  #SSLCertificateFile ...

  #SSLCertificateKeyFile ...

  <Directory /usr/bin>

     <IfVersion >= 2.4>

        Require all granted

     </IfVersion>

     <IfVersion < 2.4>

        Order allow,deny

        Allow from all

     </IfVersion>

  </Directory>

</VirtualHost>

Alias /nova-placement-api /usr/bin/nova-placement-api

<Location /nova-placement-api>

  SetHandler wsgi-script

  Options +ExecCGI

  WSGIProcessGroup nova-placement-api

  WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}

  WSGIPassAuthorization On

</Location>

systemctl restart httpd

systemctl status httpd

启动服务

systemctl enable openstack-nova-api.service \

  openstack-nova-consoleauth openstack-nova-scheduler.service \

  openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service

systemctl start openstack-nova-api.service \

  openstack-nova-consoleauth openstack-nova-scheduler.service \

  openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service

systemctl status openstack-nova-api.service \

  openstack-nova-consoleauth openstack-nova-scheduler.service \

  openstack-nova-conductor.service openstack-nova-novncproxy.service

Verify

[root@controller ~]# openstack compute service list

+----+------------------+------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+

| ID | Binary           | Host       | Zone     | Status  | State | Updated At                 |

+----+------------------+------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+

|  1 | nova-scheduler   | controller | internal | enabled | up    | 2019-03-29T15:22:51.000000 |

|  2 | nova-consoleauth | controller | internal | enabled | up    | 2019-03-29T15:22:52.000000 |

|  3 | nova-conductor   | controller | internal | enabled | up    | 2019-03-29T15:22:51.000000 |

+----+------------------+------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+

Nova（Compute）

NOTE：在我们的规划中，Controller 同时身兼 Compute，所以在 Controller 上依旧要执行下列部署。

NOTE：如果是在虚拟化实验环境，首先要检查虚拟机是否开启了嵌套虚拟化。e.g.

[root@controller ~]# egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo

16

[root@compute ~]# egrep -c '(vmx|svm)' /proc/cpuinfo

16

软件包

yum install openstack-nova-compute -y

配置

# /etc/nova/nova.conf 

[DEFAULT]

my_ip = 172.18.22.232

enabled_apis = osapi_compute,metadata

transport_url = rabbit://openstack:fanguiju@controller

use_neutron = true

firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver

compute_driver = libvirt.LibvirtDriver

instances_path = /var/lib/nova/instances

[api_database]

connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:fanguiju@controller/nova_api

[database]

connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:fanguiju@controller/nova

[placement_database]

connection = mysql+pymysql://placement:fanguiju@controller/placement

[api]

auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]

auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3

memcached_servers = controller:11211

auth_type = password

project_domain_name = default

user_domain_name = default

project_name = service

username = nova

password = fanguiju

[vnc]

enabled = true

server_listen = 0.0.0.0

server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip

novncproxy_base_url = http://controller:6080/vnc_auto.html

[glance]

api_servers = http://controller:9292

[oslo_concurrency]

lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp

[placement]

region_name = RegionOne

project_domain_name = Default

project_name = service

auth_type = password

user_domain_name = Default

auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3

username = placement

password = fanguiju

[libvirt]

virt_type = qemu

启动服务

systemctl enable libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service

systemctl start libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service

systemctl status libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service

将 Compute Node 注册到 Cell

su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage cell_v2 discover_hosts --verbose" nova

问题：在 compute 上启动 nova-compute.service 服务时会被卡在，从异常栈看出卡在 nova-compute 与 nova-conductor 的 MQ 通信上，怀疑 compute 上的 nova-compute 与 controller 上的 rabbitmq 通讯出错。用 telnet 测试，果然不通。

[root@compute ~]# telnet 172.18.22.231 5672

Trying 172.18.22.231...

telnet: connect to address 172.18.22.231: No route to host

是防火墙的问题，在 controller 开通 RabbitMQ 的相关端口：

firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-port=4369/tcp &&

firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-port=25672/tcp &&

firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-port=5671-5672/tcp &&

firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-port=15672/tcp &&

firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-port=61613-61614/tcp &&

firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-port=1883/tcp &&

firewall-cmd --zone=public --permanent --add-port=8883/tcp

firewall-cmd --reload

为了方便后面的试验，建议关闭所有防火墙规则：

 systemctl stop firewalld

 systemctl disable firewalld

Verify

在 controller 和 compute 都启动了 nova-compute.service 之后，我们拥有了两个计算节点：

[root@controller ~]# openstack compute service list

+----+------------------+------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+

| ID | Binary           | Host       | Zone     | Status  | State | Updated At                 |

+----+------------------+------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+

|  1 | nova-scheduler   | controller | internal | enabled | up    | 2019-03-29T16:15:42.000000 |

|  2 | nova-consoleauth | controller | internal | enabled | up    | 2019-03-29T16:15:44.000000 |

|  3 | nova-conductor   | controller | internal | enabled | up    | 2019-03-29T16:15:42.000000 |

|  6 | nova-compute     | controller | nova     | enabled | up    | 2019-03-29T16:15:41.000000 |

|  7 | nova-compute     | compute    | nova     | enabled | up    | 2019-03-29T16:15:47.000000 |

+----+------------------+------------+----------+---------+-------+----------------------------+

# Check the cells and placement API are working successfully:

[root@controller ~]# nova-status upgrade check

+--------------------------------+

| Upgrade Check Results          |

+--------------------------------+

| Check: Cells v2                |

| Result: Success                |

| Details: None                  |

+--------------------------------+

| Check: Placement API           |

| Result: Success                |

| Details: None                  |

+--------------------------------+

| Check: Resource Providers      |

| Result: Success                |

| Details: None                  |

+--------------------------------+

| Check: Ironic Flavor Migration |

| Result: Success                |

| Details: None                  |

+--------------------------------+

| Check: API Service Version     |

| Result: Success                |

| Details: None                  |

+--------------------------------+

| Check: Request Spec Migration  |

| Result: Success                |

| Details: None                  |

+--------------------------------+

| Check: Console Auths           |

| Result: Success                |

| Details: None                  |

+--------------------------------+

Neutron Open vSwitch mechanism driver（Controller）

更多 Neutron 架构及原理请浏览《我非要捅穿这 Neutron》

添加 Neutron 用户及其鉴权信息

openstack service create --name neutron --description "OpenStack Networking" network

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt neutron

openstack role add --project service --user neutron admin

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network public http://controller:9696

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network internal http://controller:9696

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network admin http://controller:9696

软件包

yum install openstack-neutron openstack-neutron-ml2 openstack-neutron-openvswitch -y

配置

# /etc/neutron/neutron.conf

[DEFAULT]

core_plugin = ml2

service_plugins = router

allow_overlapping_ips = true

transport_url = rabbit://openstack:fanguiju@controller

auth_strategy = keystone

notify_nova_on_port_status_changes = true

notify_nova_on_port_data_changes = true

[database]

connection = mysql+pymysql://neutron:fanguiju@controller/neutron

[keystone_authtoken]

www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000

auth_url = http://controller:5000

memcached_servers = controller:11211

auth_type = password

project_domain_name = default

user_domain_name = default

project_name = service

username = neutron

password = fanguiju

[nova]

auth_url = http://controller:5000

auth_type = password

project_domain_name = default

user_domain_name = default

region_name = RegionOne

project_name = service

username = nova

password = fanguiju

[oslo_concurrency]

lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp

# /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini

[ml2]

type_drivers = flat,vlan,vxlan

# 因为实验环境 IP 地址不多，所以启动 VxLAN 网络类型

tenant_network_types = vxlan

extension_drivers = port_security

mechanism_drivers = openvswitch,l2population

[securitygroup]

enable_ipset = true

[ml2_type_vxlan]

vni_ranges = 1:1000

# /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/openvswitch_agent.ini

[ovs]

# 物理网络隐射，OvS Bridge br-provider 需要手动创建

bridge_mappings = provider:br-provider

# OVERLAY_INTERFACE_IP_ADDRESS

local_ip = 10.0.0.1

[agent]

tunnel_types = vxlan

l2_population = True

[securitygroup]

firewall_driver = iptables_hybrid

# /etc/neutron/l3_agent.ini

[DEFAULT]

interface_driver = openvswitch

# The external_network_bridge option intentionally contains no value.

external_network_bridge =

# /etc/neutron/dhcp_agent.ini

[DEFAULT]

interface_driver = openvswitch

dhcp_driver = neutron.agent.linux.dhcp.Dnsmasq

enable_isolated_metadata = true

# /etc/neutron/metadata_agent.ini

[DEFAULT]

nova_metadata_host = controller

metadata_proxy_shared_secret = fanguiju

# /etc/nova/nova.conf

...

[neutron]

url = http://controller:9696

auth_url = http://controller:5000

auth_type = password

project_domain_name = default

user_domain_name = default

region_name = RegionOne

project_name = service

username = neutron

password = fanguiju

service_metadata_proxy = true

metadata_proxy_shared_secret = fanguiju

ln -s /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini /etc/neutron/plugin.ini

Open vSwitch

systemctl enable openvswitch

systemctl start openvswitch

systemctl status openvswitch

ovs-vsctl add-br br-provider

ovs-vsctl add-port br-provider ens224

[root@controller ~]# ovs-vsctl show

8ef8d299-fc4c-407a-a937-5a1058ea3355

    Bridge br-provider

        Port "ens224"

            Interface "ens224"

        Port br-provider

            Interface br-provider

                type: internal

    ovs_version: "2.10.1"

创建 Neutron 数据库

CREATE DATABASE neutron;

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'fanguiju';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON neutron.* TO 'neutron'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'fanguiju';

初始化 Neutron 数据库

su -s /bin/sh -c "neutron-db-manage --config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf \

  --config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini upgrade head" neutron

启动服务

systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service

systemctl enable neutron-server.service \

  neutron-openvswitch-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service \

  neutron-metadata-agent.service

systemctl start neutron-server.service \

  neutron-openvswitch-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service \

  neutron-metadata-agent.service

systemctl status neutron-server.service \

  neutron-openvswitch-agent.service neutron-dhcp-agent.service \

  neutron-metadata-agent.service

systemctl enable neutron-l3-agent.service

systemctl start neutron-l3-agent.service

systemctl status neutron-l3-agent.service

NOTE：启动 OvS Agent 的时候会自动创建综合网桥 br-int、隧道网桥 br-tun。手动创建的 br-provider 用于 Flat、VLAN 非隧道类型网络。

[root@controller ~]# ovs-vsctl show

8ef8d299-fc4c-407a-a937-5a1058ea3355

    Manager "ptcp:6640:127.0.0.1"

        is_connected: true

    Bridge br-tun

        Controller "tcp:127.0.0.1:6633"

            is_connected: true

        fail_mode: secure

        Port br-tun

            Interface br-tun

                type: internal

        Port patch-int

            Interface patch-int

                type: patch

                options: {peer=patch-tun}

    Bridge br-int

        Controller "tcp:127.0.0.1:6633"

            is_connected: true

        fail_mode: secure

        Port int-br-provider

            Interface int-br-provider

                type: patch

                options: {peer=phy-br-provider}

        Port br-int

            Interface br-int

                type: internal

        Port patch-tun

            Interface patch-tun

                type: patch

                options: {peer=patch-int}

    Bridge br-provider

        Controller "tcp:127.0.0.1:6633"

            is_connected: true

        fail_mode: secure

        Port phy-br-provider

            Interface phy-br-provider

                type: patch

                options: {peer=int-br-provider}

        Port "ens224"

            Interface "ens224"

        Port br-provider

            Interface br-provider

                type: internal

    ovs_version: "2.10.1"

Neutron Open vSwitch mechanism driver（Compute）

软件包

yum install openstack-neutron-openvswitch ipset -y

配置

# /etc/neutron/neutron.conf

[DEFAULT]

transport_url = rabbit://openstack:fanguiju@controller

auth_strategy = keystone

[keystone_authtoken]

www_authenticate_uri = http://controller:5000

auth_url = http://controller:5000

memcached_servers = controller:11211

auth_type = password

project_domain_name = default

user_domain_name = default

project_name = service

username = neutron

password = fanguiju

[oslo_concurrency]

lock_path = /var/lib/neutron/tmp

# /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/openvswitch_agent.ini

[ovs]

local_ip = 10.0.0.2

[agent]

tunnel_types = vxlan

l2_population = True

# /etc/nova/nova.conf

...

[neutron]

url = http://controller:9696

auth_url = http://controller:5000

auth_type = password

project_domain_name = default

user_domain_name = default

region_name = RegionOne

project_name = service

username = neutron

password = fanguiju

Open vSwitch

systemctl enable openvswitch

systemctl start openvswitch

systemctl status openvswitch

启动服务

systemctl restart openstack-nova-compute.service

systemctl enable neutron-openvswitch-agent.service

systemctl start neutron-openvswitch-agent.service

systemctl status neutron-openvswitch-agent.service

[root@compute ~]# ovs-vsctl show

80d8929a-9dc8-411c-8d20-8f1d0d6e2056

    Manager "ptcp:6640:127.0.0.1"

        is_connected: true

    Bridge br-tun

        Controller "tcp:127.0.0.1:6633"

            is_connected: true

        fail_mode: secure

        Port br-tun

            Interface br-tun

                type: internal

        Port patch-int

            Interface patch-int

                type: patch

                options: {peer=patch-tun}

    Bridge br-int

        Controller "tcp:127.0.0.1:6633"

            is_connected: true

        fail_mode: secure

        Port br-int

            Interface br-int

                type: internal

        Port patch-tun

            Interface patch-tun

                type: patch

                options: {peer=patch-int}

    ovs_version: "2.10.1"

NOTE：因为现在我们只是启用了 VxLAN 类型网络，所以只需要 OvS br-tun、br-int，而无需 br-provider。

Verify

[root@controller ~]# openstack network agent list

+--------------------------------------+--------------------+------------+-------------------+-------+-------+---------------------------+

| ID                                   | Agent Type         | Host       | Availability Zone | Alive | State | Binary                    |

+--------------------------------------+--------------------+------------+-------------------+-------+-------+---------------------------+

| 41925586-9119-4709-bc23-4668433bd413 | Metadata agent     | controller | None              | :-)   | UP    | neutron-metadata-agent    |

| 43281ac1-7699-4a81-a5b6-d4818f8cf8f9 | Open vSwitch agent | controller | None              | :-)   | UP    | neutron-openvswitch-agent |

| b815e569-c85d-4a37-84ea-7bdc5fe5653c | DHCP agent         | controller | nova              | :-)   | UP    | neutron-dhcp-agent        |

| d1ef7214-d26c-42c8-ba0b-2a1580a44446 | L3 agent           | controller | nova              | :-)   | UP    | neutron-l3-agent          |

| f55311fc-635c-4985-ae6b-162f3fa8f886 | Open vSwitch agent | compute    | None              | :-)   | UP    | neutron-openvswitch-agent |

+--------------------------------------+--------------------+------------+-------------------+-------+-------+---------------------------+

Horizon（Controller）

软件包

yum install openstack-dashboard -y

配置

# /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings

...

OPENSTACK_HOST = "controller"

...

# Allow all hosts to access the dashboard

ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*', ]

...

# Configure the memcached session storage service

SESSION_ENGINE = 'django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache'

CACHES = {

    'default': {

         'BACKEND': 'django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache',

         'LOCATION': 'controller:11211',

    }

}

...

# Enable the Identity API version 3

OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_URL = "http://%s:5000/v3" % OPENSTACK_HOST

...

# Enable support for domains

OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT = True

...

# Configure API versions

OPENSTACK_API_VERSIONS = {

    "identity": 3,

    "image": 2,

    "volume": 2,

}

...

OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN = 'Default'

...

OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_ROLE = "user"

...

OPENSTACK_NEUTRON_NETWORK = {

    'enable_router': True,

    'enable_quotas': True,

    'enable_ipv6': True,

    'enable_distributed_router': False,

    'enable_lb': False,

    'enable_firewall': False,

    'enable_vpn': False,

    'enable_ha_router': False,

    'enable_fip_topology_check': True,

    'supported_vnic_types': ['*'],

    'physical_networks': [],

}

# /etc/httpd/conf.d/openstack-dashboard.conf

WSGIDaemonProcess dashboard

WSGIProcessGroup dashboard

WSGISocketPrefix run/wsgi

WSGIApplicationGroup %{GLOBAL}

WSGIScriptAlias /dashboard /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/wsgi/django.wsgi

Alias /dashboard/static /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/static

<Directory /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/openstack_dashboard/wsgi>

  Options All

  AllowOverride All

  Require all granted

</Directory>

<Directory /usr/share/openstack-dashboard/static>

  Options All

  AllowOverride All

  Require all granted

</Directory>

启动服务

systemctl restart httpd.service memcached.service

systemctl status httpd.service memcached.service

Verify

访问 http://controller/dashboard 登录页面。

Cinder（Controller）

准备 LVM 后端存储

yum install lvm2 device-mapper-persistent-data -y

# /etc/lvm/lvm.conf

devices {

...

filter = [ "a/sdb/", "r/.*/"]

systemctl enable lvm2-lvmetad.service

systemctl start lvm2-lvmetad.service

systemctl status lvm2-lvmetad.service

pvcreate /dev/sdb

vgcreate cinder-volumes /dev/sdb

添加 Cinder 用户及其鉴权信息

openstack service create --name cinderv2 --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev2

openstack service create --name cinderv3 --description "OpenStack Block Storage" volumev3

openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt cinder

openstack role add --project service --user cinder admin

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 public http://controller:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 internal http://controller:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev2 admin http://controller:8776/v2/%\(project_id\)s

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev3 public http://controller:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev3 internal http://controller:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s

openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne volumev3 admin http://controller:8776/v3/%\(project_id\)s

[root@controller ~]# openstack catalog list

+-----------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+

| Name      | Type      | Endpoints                                                              |

+-----------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+

| nova      | compute   | RegionOne                                                              |

|           |           |   internal: http://controller:8774/v2.1                                |

|           |           | RegionOne                                                              |

|           |           |   admin: http://controller:8774/v2.1                                   |

|           |           | RegionOne                                                              |

|           |           |   public: http://controller:8774/v2.1                                  |

|           |           |                                                                        |

| cinderv2  | volumev2  | RegionOne                                                              |

|           |           |   admin: http://controller:8776/v2/a2b55e37121042a1862275a9bc9b0223    |

|           |           | RegionOne                                                              |

|           |           |   public: http://controller:8776/v2/a2b55e37121042a1862275a9bc9b0223   |

|           |           | RegionOne                                                              |

|           |           |   internal: http://controller:8776/v2/a2b55e37121042a1862275a9bc9b0223 |

|           |           |                                                                        |

| neutron   | network   | RegionOne                                                              |

|           |           |   internal: http://controller:9696                                     |

|           |           | RegionOne                                                              |

|           |           |   admin: http://controller:9696                                        |

|           |           | RegionOne                                                              |

|           |           |   public: http://controller:9696                                       |

|           |           |                                                                        |

| glance    | image     | RegionOne                                                              |

|           |           |   admin: http://controller:9292                                        |

|           |           | RegionOne                                                              |

|           |           |   public: http://controller:9292                                       |

|           |           | RegionOne                                                              |

|           |           |   internal: http://controller:9292                                     |

|           |           |                                                                        |

| keystone  | identity  | RegionOne                                                              |

|           |           |   admin: http://controller:5000/v3/                                    |

|           |           | RegionOne                                                              |

|           |           |   public: http://controller:5000/v3/                                   |

|           |           | RegionOne                                                              |

|           |           |   internal: http://controller:5000/v3/                                 |

|           |           |                                                                        |

| placement | placement | RegionOne                                                              |

|           |           |   internal: http://controller:8778                                     |

|           |           | RegionOne                                                              |

|           |           |   public: http://controller:8778                                       |

|           |           | RegionOne                                                              |

|           |           |   admin: http://controller:8778                                        |

|           |           |                                                                        |

| cinderv3  | volumev3  | RegionOne                                                              |

|           |           |   internal: http://controller:8776/v3/a2b55e37121042a1862275a9bc9b0223 |

|           |           | RegionOne                                                              |

|           |           |   admin: http://controller:8776/v3/a2b55e37121042a1862275a9bc9b0223    |

|           |           | RegionOne                                                              |

|           |           |   public: http://controller:8776/v3/a2b55e37121042a1862275a9bc9b0223   |

|           |           |                                                                        |

+-----------+-----------+------------------------------------------------------------------------+

软件包

yum install openstack-cinder targetcli python-keystone -y

配置

# /etc/cinder/cinder.conf

[DEFAULT]

my_ip = 172.18.22.231

enabled_backends = lvm

auth_strategy = keystone

transport_url = rabbit://openstack:fanguiju@controller

glance_api_servers = http://controller:9292

[database]

connection = mysql+pymysql://cinder:fanguiju@controller/cinder

[keystone_authtoken]

auth_uri = http://controller:5000

auth_url = http://controller:5000

memcached_servers = controller:11211

auth_type = password

project_domain_id = default

user_domain_id = default

project_name = service

username = cinder

password = fanguiju

[oslo_concurrency]

lock_path = /var/lib/cinder/tmp

[lvm]

volume_driver = cinder.volume.drivers.lvm.LVMVolumeDriver

volume_group = cinder-volumes

iscsi_protocol = iscsi

iscsi_helper = lioadm

# /etc/nova/nova.conf

[cinder]

os_region_name = RegionOne

创建 Cinder 数据库

CREATE DATABASE cinder;

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO 'cinder'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'fanguiju';

GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON cinder.* TO 'cinder'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'fanguiju';

初始化 Cinder 数据库

su -s /bin/sh -c "cinder-manage db sync" cinder

启动服务

systemctl restart openstack-nova-api.service

systemctl enable openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service

systemctl start openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service

systemctl status openstack-cinder-api.service openstack-cinder-scheduler.service

systemctl enable openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service

systemctl start openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service

systemctl status openstack-cinder-volume.service target.service

Verify

[root@controller ~]# openstack volume service list

+------------------+----------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+

| Binary           | Host           | Zone | Status  | State | Updated At                 |

+------------------+----------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+

| cinder-scheduler | controller     | nova | enabled | up    | 2019-04-25T09:26:49.000000 |

| cinder-volume    | controller@lvm | nova | enabled | up    | 2019-04-25T09:26:49.000000 |

+------------------+----------------+------+---------+-------+----------------------------+

最后

至此，最精简的 OpenStack 手动部署就完成了，可以尝试启动一台 Boot from Image 的虚拟机。Launch Instance 的常规操作这里不再赘述。在此基础上，我们还可以继续部署 Cinder 项目，不过该文的初衷是作为进一步讨论 Open vSwitch in Neutron 的基础环境搭建，这里先不做展开。希望小伙伴们通过手动部署的过程可以感受到 OpenStack 最原始的状态其实并不复杂，全局理解每个组件所属位置及其充当的角色义务才是关键。正如上面提到，后期会继续更新 Open vSwitch in Neutron 的内容，敬请期待 https://is-cloud.blog.csdn.net。

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手动部署 OpenStack Rocky 双节点

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