升级ruby版本，有时候安装ruby的版本过低，需要进行升级，例如安装在centos6.7安装fpm需要ruby版本在1.9以上。

1、主机环境如下：

 [root@test ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

 CentOS release 6.7 (Final)

 [root@test ~]# uname -r

 2.6.-.el6.x86_64

2、使用yum安装ruby

 [root@web ~]# yum install rubygems ruby-devel

 Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security

 Setting up Install Process

 base                                                                                                   | 3.7 kB     :

 base/primary_db                                                                                        | 4.7 MB     :

 extras                                                                                                 | 3.4 kB     :

 extras/primary_db                                                                                      |   kB     :

 updates                                                                                                | 3.4 kB     :

 updates/primary_db                                                                                     | 8.1 MB     :

 Resolving Dependencies

 --> Running transaction check

 ---> Package ruby-devel.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6 will be installed

 --> Processing Dependency: ruby-libs = 1.8.7.374-.el6 for package: ruby-devel-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64

 --> Processing Dependency: libruby.so.1.8()(64bit) for package: ruby-devel-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64

 ---> Package rubygems.noarch :1.3.-.el6 will be installed

 --> Processing Dependency: ruby-rdoc for package: rubygems-1.3.-.el6.noarch

 --> Processing Dependency: /usr/bin/ruby for package: rubygems-1.3.-.el6.noarch

 --> Running transaction check

 ---> Package ruby.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6 will be installed

 ---> Package ruby-libs.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6 will be installed

 ---> Package ruby-rdoc.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6 will be installed

 --> Processing Dependency: ruby-irb = 1.8.7.374-.el6 for package: ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64

 --> Running transaction check

 ---> Package ruby-irb.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6 will be installed

 --> Finished Dependency Resolution

 Dependencies Resolved

 ==============================================================================================================================

  Package                        Arch                       Version                             Repository                Size

 ==============================================================================================================================

 Installing:

  ruby-devel                     x86_64                     1.8.7.374-.el6                     base                      k

  rubygems                       noarch                     1.3.-.el6                         base                      k

 Installing for dependencies:

  ruby                           x86_64                     1.8.7.374-.el6                     base                      k

  ruby-irb                       x86_64                     1.8.7.374-.el6                     base                      k

  ruby-libs                      x86_64                     1.8.7.374-.el6                     base                     1.7 M

  ruby-rdoc                      x86_64                     1.8.7.374-.el6                     base                      k

 Transaction Summary

 ==============================================================================================================================

 Install        Package(s)

 Total download size: 3.4 M

 Installed size:  M

 Is this ok [y/N]: y

 Downloading Packages:

 (/): ruby-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                                 |  kB     :

 (/): ruby-devel-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                           |  kB     :

 (/): ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                             |  kB     :

 (/): ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                            | 1.7 MB     :

 (/): ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64.rpm                                                            |  kB     :

 (/): rubygems-1.3.-.el6.noarch.rpm                                                                 |  kB     :

 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

 Total                                                                                          kB/s | 3.4 MB     :

 warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID c105b9de: NOKEY

 Retrieving key from file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-6

 Importing GPG key 0xC105B9DE:

  Userid : CentOS- Key (CentOS  Official Signing Key) <centos--key@centos.org>

  Package: centos-release--.el6.centos.12.3.x86_64 (@anaconda-CentOS-.x86_64/6.7)

  From   : /etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-

 Is this ok [y/N]: y

 Running rpm_check_debug

 Running Transaction Test

 Transaction Test Succeeded

 Running Transaction

   Installing : ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64                                                                           /

   Installing : ruby-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64                                                                                /

   Installing : ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64                                                                            /

   Installing : ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64                                                                           /

   Installing : rubygems-1.3.-.el6.noarch                                                                                /

   Installing : ruby-devel-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64                                                                          /

   Verifying  : ruby-rdoc-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64                                                                           /

   Verifying  : ruby-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64                                                                                /

   Verifying  : rubygems-1.3.-.el6.noarch                                                                                /

   Verifying  : ruby-libs-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64                                                                           /

   Verifying  : ruby-irb-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64                                                                            /

   Verifying  : ruby-devel-1.8.7.374-.el6.x86_64                                                                          / 

 Installed:

   ruby-devel.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6                              rubygems.noarch :1.3.-.el6                             

 Dependency Installed:

   ruby.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6             ruby-irb.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6        ruby-libs.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6

   ruby-rdoc.x86_64 :1.8.7.374-.el6       

 Complete!

3、查看ruby的版本

 [root@web ~]# ruby -v

 ruby 1.8. (-- patchlevel ) [x86_64-linux]

4、升级ruby1.9.3版本

1）删除原来的rubygems仓库

[root@web ~]# gem sources --remove http://rubygems.org/

2）添加aliyun的rubygems仓库

[root@web ~]# gem sources -a http://mirrors.aliyun.com/rubygems/

3）查看rubygems仓库

 [root@web ~]# gem sources -l

 *** CURRENT SOURCES ***

 http://mirrors.aliyun.com/rubygems/

4）使用RVM进行升级ruby

a:在rvm官方网址：https://rvm.io/执行如下命令：

 [root@web ~]#  gpg --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys 409B6B1796C275462A1703113804BB82D39DC0E3 7D2BAF1CF37B13E2069D6956105BD0E739499BDB

 gpg: requesting key D39DC0E3 from hkp server keys.gnupg.net

 gpg: requesting key 39499BDB from hkp server keys.gnupg.net

 gpg: key D39DC0E3: "Michal Papis (RVM signing) <mpapis@gmail.com>" not changed

 gpg: key 39499BDB: public key "Piotr Kuczynski <piotr.kuczynski@gmail.com>" imported

 gpg: no ultimately trusted keys found

 gpg: Total number processed:

 gpg:               imported:   (RSA: )

 gpg:              unchanged:

b:接着执行如下命令：

 [root@web ~]# \curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable

 Downloading https://github.com/rvm/rvm/archive/1.29.3.tar.gz

 curl: () SSL connect error

 Could not download 'https://github.com/rvm/rvm/archive/1.29.3.tar.gz'.

   curl returned status ''.

 Downloading https://bitbucket.org/mpapis/rvm/get/1.29.3.tar.gz

 Downloading https://bitbucket.org/mpapis/rvm/downloads/1.29.3.tar.gz.asc

 curl: () couldn't connect to host

 Could not download 'https://bitbucket.org/mpapis/rvm/downloads/1.29.3.tar.gz.asc'.

   curl returned status ''.

 Creating group 'rvm'

 Installing RVM to /usr/local/rvm/

 Installation of RVM in /usr/local/rvm/ is almost complete:

   * First you need to add all users that will be using rvm to 'rvm' group,

     and logout - login again, anyone using rvm will be operating with `umask u=rwx,g=rwx,o=rx`.

   * To start using RVM you need to run `source /etc/profile.d/rvm.sh`

     in all your open shell windows, in rare cases you need to reopen all shell windows.

c:执行上述命令 * To start using RVM you need to run `source /etc/profile.d/rvm.sh`

[root@web ~]# source /etc/profile.d/rvm.sh

5、查看RVM可安装的ruby的版本

 [root@web ~]# rvm list known

 # MRI Rubies

 [ruby-]1.8.[-p420]

 [ruby-]1.8.[-head] # security released on head

 [ruby-]1.9.[-p431]

 [ruby-]1.9.[-p330]

 [ruby-]1.9.[-p551]

 [ruby-]2.0.[-p648]

 [ruby-]2.1[.]

 [ruby-]2.2[.]

 [ruby-]2.3[.]

 [ruby-]2.4[.]

 ruby-head

 # for forks use: rvm install ruby-head-<name> --url https://github.com/github/ruby.git --branch 2.2

 # JRuby

 jruby-1.6[.]

 jruby-1.7[.]

 jruby[-9.1.13.0]

 jruby-head

 # Rubinius

 rbx-[.4.3]

 rbx-2.3[.]

 rbx-2.4[.]

 rbx-[.5.8]

 rbx-[.]

 rbx-head

 # Opal

 opal

 # Minimalistic ruby implementation - ISO :

 mruby-1.0.

 mruby-1.1.

 mruby-1.2.

 mruby-[.3.0]

 mruby[-head]

 # Ruby Enterprise Edition

 ree-1.8.

 ree[-1.8.][-2012.02]

 # Topaz

 topaz

 # MagLev

 maglev[-head]

 maglev-1.0.

 # Mac OS X Snow Leopard Or Newer

 macruby-0.10

 macruby-0.11

 macruby[-0.12]

 macruby-nightly

 macruby-head

 # IronRuby

 ironruby[-1.1.]

 ironruby-head

6、安装ruby-1.9.3版本

 [root@web ~]# rvm install 1.9.

 Searching for binary rubies, this might take some time.

 Found remote file https://rvm_io.global.ssl.fastly.net/binaries/centos/6/x86_64/ruby-1.9.3-p551.tar.bz2

 Checking requirements for centos.

 Installing requirements for centos.

 Installing required packages: libffi-devel, readline-devel, sqlite-devel, zlib-devel, libyaml-devel, openssl-devel...........|

 Requirements installation successful.

 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #configure

 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #download

   % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current

                                  Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed

  10.2M   10.2M            188k        ::  :: --:--:--  223k

 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #validate archive

 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #extract

 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #validate binary

 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #setup

 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #gemset created /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.-p551@global

 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #importing gemset /usr/local/rvm/gemsets/global.gems...................................

 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #generating global wrappers........

 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #gemset created /usr/local/rvm/gems/ruby-1.9.-p551

 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #importing gemsetfile /usr/local/rvm/gemsets/default.gems evaluated to empty gem list

 ruby-1.9.-p551 - #generating default wrappers........

7、查看ruby是否升级成功

 [root@web ~]# ruby -v

 ruby 1.9.3p551 (-- revision ) [x86_64-linux]

至此，ruby版本升级成功

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