Mysql 主从复制搭建-极简版

前言

自己在百度、Google一番踩坑搭建成功后，记录一下，也希望后来人不再被这些坑到。

这里为了方便使用 docker，不会的同学请移步相关 Docker 教程。

正文

1. 启动 mysql

#启动 master
docker run --name master -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql
#启动 slave
docker run --name slave -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql

备注：--name 是指定容器名称；-e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD 是指定mysql密码

2. 修改 mysql 配置

docker 的正确用法应该是基于mysql镜像，创建两个新的镜像，这里为了简单，直接进入容器修改

修改 master 的 mysql 配置

docker exec -it [master容器id] bash

echo '[mysqld]
pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
secure-file-priv= NULL
symbolic-links=0
#启用二进制日志
log-bin=mysql-bin
#设置服务器唯一Id，这里省事直接写1
server-id=1
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/' > /etc/mysql/my.cnf

备注：第二段请一口气复制，它们是一句..

这里因为容器内没有装vim所以使用这种方式，其实就是加上log-bin=mysql-bin和server-id=1这两个配置

修改 slave 的 mysql 配置

其实一样，只是改个server-id

docker exec -it [slave容器id] bash

echo '[mysqld]
pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
secure-file-priv= NULL
symbolic-links=0
#启用二进制日志
log-bin=mysql-bin
#设置服务器唯一Id
server-id=2
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/' > /etc/mysql/my.cnf

重启容器

docker restart [master容器id] [slave容器id]

3. 配置同步

登录 master 获取信息

docker exec -it [master容器id] mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |      155 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

主要记住 mysql-bin.000001 和 155 这两个值，一个是文件，一个是偏移量

登录 slave 设置同步

docker exec -it [slave容器id] mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql> change master to master_host='172.17.0.2',master_user='root',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=155,master_port=3306,master_password='123456';
msql> start slave;

备注：这里的 ip 是 master 的 ip，可以通过 docker inspect [容器id]|grep IPA 查看 IP

4. 检验成功

通过 show slave status\G; 看到

失败了..

Last_IO_Error: error connecting to master 'root@172.17.0.2:3306' - retry-time: 60 retries: 1 message: Authentication plugin 'caching_sha2_password' reported error: Authentication requires secure connection.

不安全的连接？

最后在 Mysql 官网发现端倪，需要先在 slave 上连接 master 获取 public-key，如下

mysql --ssl-mode=DISABLED -h [masterIP] -uroot -p123456 --get-server-public-key

然后重启下 slave 线程

stop slave;

start slave;

查看状态

show slave status\G;

可以看到下面两个yes就说明成功了

Slave_IO_Running: Yes

Slave_SQL_Running: Yes

后记

关于最后那个连接不安全的错误，应该是 mysql8 才有的，不过具体原因还没空去研究

附上操作日志

################【启动mysql】################
deepin@DeepinBook:~$ docker run --name master -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql
6f0d597fda22325f35eef4d00356238e4058d3dc2122177fe1bdc2a9cca554b2
deepin@DeepinBook:~$ docker run --name slave -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql
5dca640e2ceb4744a1e85402c50a0134ad981a9cc658f91058bd739c80fb22b4

################【修改mysql配置】#############
deepin@DeepinBook:~$ docker exec -it 6f bash
root@6f0d597fda22:/# cat /etc/mysql/my.cnf
# Copyright (c) 2017, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
#
# This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation; version 2 of the License.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
# Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301 USA

#
# The MySQL  Server configuration file.
#
# For explanations see
# http://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql/en/server-system-variables.html

[mysqld]
pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
secure-file-priv= NULL
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks
symbolic-links=0

# Custom config should go here
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
root@6f0d597fda22:/# echo '[mysqld]
> pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
> socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
> datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
> secure-file-priv= NULL
> symbolic-links=0
> log-bin=mysql-bin
> server-id=1
> !includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/' > /etc/mysql/my.cnf
root@6f0d597fda22:/# cat /etc/mysql/my.cnf
[mysqld]
pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
secure-file-priv= NULL
symbolic-links=0
log-bin=mysql-bin
server-id=1
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
root@6f0d597fda22:/# exit

deepin@DeepinBook:~$ docker exec -it 5d bash
root@5dca640e2ceb:/# echo '[mysqld]
> pid-file        = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
> socket          = /var/run/mysqld/mysqld.sock
> datadir         = /var/lib/mysql
> secure-file-priv= NULL
> symbolic-links=0
> #启用二进制日志
> log-bin=mysql-bin
> #设置服务器唯一Id
> server-id=2
> !includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/' > /etc/mysql/my.cnf
root@5dca640e2ceb:/#
root@5dca640e2ceb:/#
root@5dca640e2ceb:/# exit
exit
deepin@DeepinBook:~$ docker restart 6f 5d
6f
5d

################【配置主从】#############
deepin@DeepinBook:~$ docker exec -it 6f mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.17 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |      155 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> exit
Bye
deepin@DeepinBook:~$ docker exec -it 5d mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 8
Server version: 8.0.17 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> change master to master_host='172.17.0.2',master_user='root',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=155,master_port=3306,master_password='123456';
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 2 warnings (0.04 sec)

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Connecting to master
                  Master_Host: 172.17.0.2
                  Master_User: root
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 155
               Relay_Log_File: 5dca640e2ceb-relay-bin.000001
                Relay_Log_Pos: 4
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Connecting
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB:
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error:
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 155
              Relay_Log_Space: 155
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File:
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:
              Master_SSL_Cert:
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
               Master_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 2061
                Last_IO_Error: error connecting to master 'root@172.17.0.2:3306' - retry-time: 60 retries: 8 message: Authentication plugin 'caching_sha2_password' reported error: Authentication requires secure connection.
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error:
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
             Master_Server_Id: 0
                  Master_UUID:
             Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind:
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 191008 10:43:52
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
               Master_SSL_Crl:
           Master_SSL_Crlpath:
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
            Executed_Gtid_Set:
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
                 Channel_Name:
           Master_TLS_Version:
       Master_public_key_path:
        Get_master_public_key: 0
            Network_Namespace:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:
No query specified

mysql> exit
Bye
deepin@DeepinBook:~$ docker exec -it 5d bash
root@5dca640e2ceb:/# mysql --ssl-mode=DISABLED -h172.17.0.2 -uroot -p123456 --get-server-public-key
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 20
Server version: 8.0.17 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> exit
Bye
root@5dca640e2ceb:/# mysql -uroot -p123456
mysql: [Warning] Using a password on the command line interface can be insecure.
Welcome to the MySQL monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 11
Server version: 8.0.17 MySQL Community Server - GPL

Copyright (c) 2000, 2019, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.

Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Connecting to master
                  Master_Host: 172.17.0.2
                  Master_User: root
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 155
               Relay_Log_File: 5dca640e2ceb-relay-bin.000001
                Relay_Log_Pos: 4
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Connecting
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB:
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error:
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 155
              Relay_Log_Space: 155
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File:
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:
              Master_SSL_Cert:
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
               Master_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Master: NULL
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 2061
                Last_IO_Error: error connecting to master 'root@172.17.0.2:3306' - retry-time: 60 retries: 11 message: Authentication plugin 'caching_sha2_password' reported error: Authentication requires secure connection.
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error:
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
             Master_Server_Id: 0
                  Master_UUID:
             Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind:
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp: 191008 10:46:52
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
               Master_SSL_Crl:
           Master_SSL_Crlpath:
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
            Executed_Gtid_Set:
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
                 Channel_Name:
           Master_TLS_Version:
       Master_public_key_path:
        Get_master_public_key: 0
            Network_Namespace:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:
No query specified

mysql> stop slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

mysql> start slave;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 172.17.0.2
                  Master_User: root
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 155
               Relay_Log_File: 5dca640e2ceb-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 322
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
              Replicate_Do_DB:
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error:
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 155
              Relay_Log_Space: 537
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File:
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:
              Master_SSL_Cert:
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
               Master_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error:
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error:
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
             Master_Server_Id: 1
                  Master_UUID: 48507a05-e9b2-11e9-ae20-0242ac110002
             Master_Info_File: mysql.slave_master_info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for more updates
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind:
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
               Master_SSL_Crl:
           Master_SSL_Crlpath:
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
            Executed_Gtid_Set:
                Auto_Position: 0
         Replicate_Rewrite_DB:
                 Channel_Name:
           Master_TLS_Version:
       Master_public_key_path:
        Get_master_public_key: 0
            Network_Namespace:
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

ERROR:
No query specified