回忆上次内容
上次讲了 ls 的参数 (arguement) 和选项 (option) 的设置。
现在我们要制作这样一个列表:
- 对于 /proc 路径进行列表
- 对子路径递归列表
- 显示隐藏文件
- 显示详细信息
- 其中容量使用人们熟知的单位
大家忘记了吗?!!
没关系,我们可以查手册, 那么做完了之后可以思考,ls 到底在哪?
ls 在哪?
想要知道 ls 在哪就得用新命令 whereis,命令的参数是 ls,综合起来就是:
whereis ls
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我们可以得到 ls 两个硬盘位置:
/bin/ls
/usr/share/man/man1/ls.1.gz
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" class="icon-copy" title="copy">
为什么 ls 在硬盘里?
ls
文件最开始在 /bin
这个位置
- 当我在命令行敲击之后
ls
回车之后
- 操作系统要求运行
ls
程序
- 操作系统分配内存空间给
ls
- 操作系统把
ls
从硬盘加载到内存中
- 操作系统分配 cpu 资源去执行程序
- 最终把
ls
的结果输出到标准输出流(屏幕)上
为什么 ls 命令对应两个位置呢
我们可以对 whereis 发出询问:
whatis whereis
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whereis 可以帮我们定位命令的位置
但是 whereis 描述太简单了,我们可以查询 whereis 的手册 man:
man whereis
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" class="icon-copy" title="copy">
我们可以查询到 whereis 的具体内容:
试试选项的功能
whereis -b ls
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" class="icon-copy" title="copy">
- b 的意思是 binary 二进制
- 查找 whereis 二进制
- 二进制文件在/bin 里
whereis -m
aaarticlea/png;base64,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" class="icon-copy" title="copy">
- m 的意思是 manual 文档
- 查找 whereis 的文档
- 文档在/usr/share/man 里面
总结来说:whereis -b ls
是二进制命令,whereis -m
另一个是帮助手册。
那 ls 的源文件在哪呢?这有点复杂...
得到 ls 源文件
dpkg -S /bin/ls
- dpkg 是 Debian Package 是 Debian 的包管理命令
- -S 是在已经安装的包里面查找 search
- /bin/ls 是具体文件的位置
- 得到结果是 coreutils(核心应用)
设置源
- sudo vi /etc/apt/sources.txt
- 打开源的配置文件
- sudo 是使用管理员权限
- vi 是文本编辑器
/etc/apt/sources.txt
是源的配置文件
- 直接输入 G(直接到最后一行 Ground)
- 直接输入 o(在当前行后面添加一行)
- 将下面粘贴到最后一行
- 摁下 esc
- 注意左下角不再是 Insert(插入状态), 而是退回到了空白
- 依次摁下
用 apt 下载源代码
- apt 是高级包管理的命令
- 运行
sudo apt update
(更新源)
- sudo apt source coreutils(获得源代码)
- 在当前文件夹下找到
coreutilsXXX
文件夹
- 进入
src
源文件文件夹 (source)
- ls ls.*
- 找到了
ls.c
文件 (ls 的 c 语言源文件)
思考
我们真的可以获得 ls 源代码,这太棒了! 可是如果有多个版本的命令比如:
那我到底用的是那个版本的 java 呢?我们下次再说。
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