初次安装hive-2.1.0启动报错问题解决方法

　　首次安装hive-2.1.0，通过bin/hive登录hive shell命令行，报错如下：

[hadoop@db03 hive-2.1.0]$ bin/hive

which: no hbase in (/opt/service/jdk1.7.0_67/bin:/opt/service/jdk1.7.0_67/jre/bin:/opt/mysql-5.6.24/bin:/opt/service/jdk1.7.0_67/bin:/opt/service/jdk1.7.0_67/jre/bin:/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/home/hadoop/bin)

SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.

SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/opt/apache/hive-2.1.0/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.4.1.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]

SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/opt/apache/hadoop-2.7.3/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]

SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.

SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory]

Logging initialized using configuration in file:/opt/apache/hive-2.1.0/conf/hive-log4j2.properties Async: true

Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException: org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException: MetaException(message:Hive metastore database is not initialized. Please use schematool (e.g. ./schematool -initSchema -dbType ...) to create the schema. If needed, don't forget to include the option to auto-create the underlying database in your JDBC connection string (e.g. ?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true for mysql))

at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:578)

at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.beginStart(SessionState.java:518)

at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.run(CliDriver.java:705)

at org.apache.hadoop.hive.cli.CliDriver.main(CliDriver.java:641)

at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)

at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:57)

at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)

at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:606)

at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.run(RunJar.java:221)

at org.apache.hadoop.util.RunJar.main(RunJar.java:136)

Caused by: org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException: org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException: MetaException(message:Hive metastore database is not initialized. Please use schematool (e.g. ./schematool -initSchema -dbType ...) to create the schema. If needed, don't forget to include the option to auto-create the underlying database in your JDBC connection string (e.g. ?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true for mysql))

at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.registerAllFunctionsOnce(Hive.java:226)

at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.<init>(Hive.java:366)

at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.create(Hive.java:310)

at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.getInternal(Hive.java:290)

at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.get(Hive.java:266)

at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.session.SessionState.start(SessionState.java:545)

... 9 more

Caused by: org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.HiveException: MetaException(message:Hive metastore database is not initialized. Please use schematool (e.g. ./schematool -initSchema -dbType ...) to create the schema. If needed, don't forget to include the option to auto-create the underlying database in your JDBC connection string (e.g. ?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true for mysql))

at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.getAllFunctions(Hive.java:3593)

at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.reloadFunctions(Hive.java:236)

at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.registerAllFunctionsOnce(Hive.java:221)

... 14 more

Caused by: MetaException(message:Hive metastore database is not initialized. Please use schematool (e.g. ./schematool -initSchema -dbType ...) to create the schema. If needed, don't forget to include the option to auto-create the underlying database in your JDBC connection string (e.g. ?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true for mysql))

at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.getMSC(Hive.java:3364)

at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.getMSC(Hive.java:3336)

at org.apache.hadoop.hive.ql.metadata.Hive.getAllFunctions(Hive.java:3590)

... 16 more

根据日志提示，是元数据没有初始化，可以通过./schematool -initSchema -dbType命令初始化源数据库，因为我这里是mysql数据库，所知执行以下命令：

[hadoop@db03 hive-2.1.0]$ bin/schematool -initSchema -dbType mysql

which: no hbase in (/opt/service/jdk1.7.0_67/bin:/opt/service/jdk1.7.0_67/jre/bin:/opt/mysql-5.6.24/bin:/opt/service/jdk1.7.0_67/bin:/opt/service/jdk1.7.0_67/jre/bin:/usr/lib64/qt-3.3/bin:/usr/local/bin:/bin:/usr/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/sbin:/sbin:/home/hadoop/bin)

SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.

SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/opt/apache/hive-2.1.0/lib/log4j-slf4j-impl-2.4.1.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]

SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/opt/apache/hadoop-2.7.3/share/hadoop/common/lib/slf4j-log4j12-1.7.10.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]

SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.

SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.apache.logging.slf4j.Log4jLoggerFactory]

Metastore connection URL:  jdbc:mysql://db03:3306/hive?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true

Metastore Connection Driver :  com.mysql.jdbc.Driver

Metastore connection User:  root

Starting metastore schema initialization to 2.1.0

Initialization script hive-schema-2.1.0.mysql.sql

Initialization script completed

schemaTool completed

再次通过bin/hive命令登录hive shell，成功登录，问题得以解决，以前一直使用hive-0.13.1，初次使用hive不需要初始化数据库既可以直接登录。