ASP.NET Core Swagger接入使用IdentityServer4 的 WebApi

写在前面

是这样的，我们现在接口使用了Ocelot做网关，Ocelot里面集成了基于IdentityServer4开发的授权中心用于对Api资源的保护。问题来了，我们的Api用了SwaggerUI做接口的自文档，那就蛋疼了，你接入了IdentityServer4的Api，用SwaggerUI调试、调用接口的话，妥妥的401，未授权啊。那有小伙伴就会说了，你SwaggerUI的Api不经过网关不就ok了？诶，好办法。但是：

1. 我不想改变Url规则啊，我是/api开头的Url都是经过网关的，如果不经过网关要加端口或者改变Url规则，会给其他部门的同事带来麻烦（多个Url规则容易混淆）；
2. 另外是，因为生产环境是接入了IdentityServer4，我想测试环境从一开始就需要调用方熟悉接口的接入，避免平时用没有经过授权中心的Url调试，一到生产就出问题。

ok，废话讲得有点多，我们就直奔主题。

下面我们需要创建两个示例项目：

1、IdentityServer4的授权中心；

2、使用SwaggerUI做自文档的WebApi项目；

写得有点乱，本文源码地址：

https://github.com/gebiWangshushu/cnblogs-demos/tree/master/SwggerUI.IdentityServer4.Example

构建基于IdentityServer4授权中心

1、新建空白解决方案，并添加一个空的WebApi项目，IdentityServer

2、引用包。

Install-Package IdentityServer4

3、添加配置类：Config.cs

using IdentityServer4;
using IdentityServer4.Models;
using IdentityServer4.Test;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace IdentityServer
{
    public static class Config
    {
        public static List<TestUser> GetUsers()
        {
            return new List<TestUser>
            {
                new TestUser
                {
                    SubjectId = "1",
                    Username = "alice",
                    Password = "alice"
                }
            };
        }
        public static IEnumerable<IdentityResource> GetIdentityResources()
        {
            return new IdentityResource[]
            {
                new IdentityResources.OpenId(),
                new IdentityResources.Profile(),
            };
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// API信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static IEnumerable<ApiResource> GetApis()
        {
            return new[]
            {
                new ApiResource("swagger_api", "Demo SwaggerUI integrat Idp")
            };
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// 客服端信息
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns></returns>
        public static IEnumerable<Client> GetClients()
        {
            return new[]
            {
                new Client
                {
                    ClientId = "swagger_client",//客服端名称
                    ClientName = "Swagger UI client",//描述
                    AllowedGrantTypes = GrantTypes.Implicit,//Implicit 方式
                    AllowAccessTokensViaBrowser = true,//是否通过浏览器为此客户端传输访问令牌
                    RedirectUris =
                    {
                        "http://localhost:5001/swagger/oauth2-redirect.html"
                    },
                    AllowedScopes = { "swagger_api" }
                }
            };
        }
    }
}

4、修改Startup.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
namespace IdentityServer
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public IHostingEnvironment Environment { get; }
        public Startup(IHostingEnvironment environment)
        {
            Environment = environment;
        }
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_2);
            var builder = services.AddIdentityServer()
                    .AddInMemoryIdentityResources(Config.GetIdentityResources())
                    .AddInMemoryApiResources(Config.GetApis())
                    .AddInMemoryClients(Config.GetClients())
                    .AddTestUsers(Config.GetUsers());
            if (Environment.IsDevelopment())
            {
                builder.AddDeveloperSigningCredential();
            }
            else
            {
                throw new Exception("need to configure key material");
            }
        }
        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }
            app.UseIdentityServer();
            app.UseIdentityServer();
            app.UseMvcWithDefaultRoute();
        }
    }
}

ok,跑起来了

使用SwaggerUI做自文档的WebApi项目

1、添加WebApi项目，SwaggerUIApi

现在项目结构这样：

2、先添加SwaggerUI，先不接入IdentityServer

修改Startup.cs

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Builder;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Options;
using Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.Swagger;
namespace SwggerUIApi
{
    public class Startup
    {
        public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
        {
            Configuration = configuration;
        }
        public IConfiguration Configuration { get; }
        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to add services to the container.
        public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            services.AddMvc().SetCompatibilityVersion(CompatibilityVersion.Version_2_2);
            services.AddSwaggerGen(c =>
            {
                c.SwaggerDoc("v1", new Info
                {
                    Version = "v1",
                    Title = "ToDo API",
                    Description = "A simple example ASP.NET Core Web API",
                    TermsOfService = "None",
                    Contact = new Contact
                    {
                        Name = "Shayne Boyer",
                        Email = string.Empty,
                        Url = "https://twitter.com/spboyer"
                    },
                    License = new License
                    {
                        Name = "Use under LICX",
                        Url = "https://example.com/license"
                    }
                });
                var xmlFile = $"{Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetName().Name}.xml";
                var xmlPath = Path.Combine(AppContext.BaseDirectory, xmlFile);
                c.IncludeXmlComments(xmlPath);
            });
        }
        // This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
        public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IHostingEnvironment env)
        {
            if (env.IsDevelopment())
            {
                app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
            }
            app.UseSwagger();
            // Enable middleware to serve swagger-ui (HTML, JS, CSS, etc.),
            // specifying the Swagger JSON endpoint.
            app.UseSwaggerUI(c =>
            {
                c.SwaggerEndpoint("/swagger/v1/swagger.json", "My API V1");
            });
            app.UseMvc();
        }
    }
}

得到这样的SwaggerUI：

我们调用一下接口：

杠杠的200：

3、接口项目我们接入IdentityServer4

修改：Startup.cs ,ConfigureServices方法，

  services.AddAuthentication(IdentityServerAuthenticationDefaults.AuthenticationScheme)
  .AddIdentityServerAuthentication(options =>
           {
              options.Authority = "http://localhost:5000"; // IdentityServer服务器地址
              options.ApiName = "swagger_api"; // 用于针对进行身份验证的API资源的名称
              options.RequireHttpsMetadata = false; // 指定是否为HTTPS
          });

修改：Startup.cs ,Configure方法

app.UseAuthentication();

Ok，可以看到我们接口接入IdentityServer了。提示401，未授权；

3、接入IdentityServer

1、添加授权响应操作的过滤器，AuthResponsesOperationFilter.cs

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Authorization;
using Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.Swagger;
using Swashbuckle.AspNetCore.SwaggerGen;
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace SwggerUIApi
{
    public class AuthResponsesOperationFilter : IOperationFilter
    {
        public void Apply(Operation operation, OperationFilterContext context)
        {
            //获取是否添加登录特性
            var authAttributes = context.MethodInfo.DeclaringType.GetCustomAttributes(true)
             .Union(context.MethodInfo.GetCustomAttributes(true))
             .OfType<AuthorizeAttribute>().Any();
            if (authAttributes)
            {
                operation.Responses.Add("401", new Response { Description = "暂无访问权限" });
                operation.Responses.Add("403", new Response { Description = "禁止访问" });
                operation.Security = new List<IDictionary<string, IEnumerable<string>>>
                {
                    new Dictionary<string, IEnumerable<string>> {{"oauth2", new[] { "swagger_api" } }}
                };
            }
        }
    }
}

2、修改Startup.cs ,ConfigureServices方法的，services.AddSwaggerGen()

配置成这样：

     services.AddSwaggerGen(c =>
            {
                c.SwaggerDoc("v1", new Info
                {
                    Version = "v1",
                    Title = "ToDo API",
                    Description = "A simple example ASP.NET Core Web API",
                    TermsOfService = "None",
                    Contact = new Contact
                    {
                        Name = "Shayne Boyer",
                        Email = string.Empty,
                        Url = "https://twitter.com/spboyer"
                    },
                    License = new License
                    {
                        Name = "Use under LICX",
                        Url = "https://example.com/license"
                    }
                });
                var xmlFile = $"{Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().GetName().Name}.xml";
                var xmlPath = Path.Combine(AppContext.BaseDirectory, xmlFile);
                c.IncludeXmlComments(xmlPath);
                //接入identityserver
                c.AddSecurityDefinition("oauth2", new OAuth2Scheme
                {
                    Flow = "implicit", // 只需通过浏览器获取令牌（适用于swagger）
                    AuthorizationUrl = "http://localhost:5000/connect/authorize",//获取登录授权接口
                    Scopes = new Dictionary<string, string> {
                        { "swagger_api_scopde", "swagger_api access" }//指定客户端请求的api作用域。 如果为空，则客户端无法访问
                    }
                });
                c.OperationFilter<AuthResponsesOperationFilter>();
            });

3、我们还需给授权中心添加一个登陆界面

去： https://github.com/IdentityServer/IdentityServer4/tree/master/samples/Quickstarts/3_ImplicitFlowAuthentication/src/IdentityServer

下载这个两个文件夹，复制丢到IdentityServer项目下面：

项目结构：

4、我们运行看看

先启动Identityserver项目

运行SwaggerUI可以看到，这两个地方了个小锁头，表示已启用安全保护：

我们点一下上面的按钮：

哇，我们跳到了这里：

输入：alice/alice,点登录：

哇哇：

当然是Yes啦，然后这边变成这样了：

这是已获得授权状态，我们再次调用看看：

这里我们看到已经调用成功，仔细看请求，与前面简短的请求不同的是，现在请求里面带了access_token了，

这才是我们折腾这么久得来的宝贝。

总结

写得有点匆忙，希望大家能看得懂[捂脸];

源码地址：https://github.com/gebiWangshushu/cnblogs-demos/tree/master/SwggerUI.IdentityServer4.Example

参考

https://github.com/domaindrivendev/Swashbuckle.AspNetCore

https://github.com/IdentityServer/IdentityServer4