Sort 整理

文章、图片参考：http://www.jianshu.com/p/1b4068ccd505?hmsr=toutiao.io&utm_medium=toutiao.io&utm_source=toutiao.io

这里用C++实现了部分排序，待更新。。。

 名词解释：

n: 数据规模
k:“桶”的个数
In-place: 占用常数内存，不占用额外内存
Out-place: 占用额外内存
稳定性：排序后2个相等键值的顺序和排序之前它们的顺序相同

冒泡排序动图演示：

选择排序动图演示：

插入排序动图演示：

归并排序动图演示：

快速排序动图演示：

堆排序动图演示：

计数排序动图演示：

LSD基数排序动图演示：

  1 #include <bits/stdc++.h>
 using namespace std;
 void InsertSort(int na[],int n)
 {
     int tem,i,j;
     for(i=; i<n; i++)
     {
         tem=na[i];
         j=i-;
         while(j>=&&tem<na[j])
         {
             na[j+]=na[j];
             j--;
         }
         na[j+]=tem;
     }
 }
 void ShellSort(int na[],int n)
 {
     int i,j,d,tem;
     d=n/;
     while(d>)
     {
         for(i=d; i<n; i++)
         {
             j=i-d;
             while(j>=&&na[j]>na[j+d])
             {
                 tem=na[j];
                 na[j]=na[j+d];
                 na[j+d]=tem;
                 j=j-d;
             }
         }
         d=d/;
     }
 }
 void BubbleSort(int na[],int n)
 {
     int i,j;
     for(i=; i<n-; i++)
         for(j=n-; j>i; j--)
             if(na[j]<na[j-])
             {
                 na[j] ^= na[j-];
                 na[j-] ^= na[j];
                 na[j] ^= na[j-];
             }
 }
 void QuickSort(int na[],int s,int t)
 {
     int i=s,j=t,tem;
     if(s<t)
     {
         tem=na[s];
         while(i!=j)
         {
             while(j>i&&na[j]>tem)j--;
             na[i]=na[j];
             while(i<j&&na[i]<tem)i++;
             na[j]=na[i];
         }
         na[i]=tem;
         QuickSort(na,s,i-);
         QuickSort(na,i+,t);
     }
 }
 void SelectSOrt(int na[],int n)
 {
     int i,j,k;
     for(i=; i<n-; i++)
     {
         k=i;
         for(j=i+; j<n; j++)
             if(na[j]<na[k])
                 k=j;
         if(k!=i)
         {
             na[i] ^= na[k];
             na[k] ^= na[i];
             na[i] ^= na[k];
         }
     }
 }
 void Heap_Sift(int na[],int low,int high)
 {
     int i=low,j=*i;
     int tem=na[i];
     while(j<=high)
     {
         if(j<high&&na[j]<na[j+])j++;
         if(tem<na[j])
         {
             na[i]=na[j];
             i=j;
             j=*i;
         }
         else break;
     }
     na[i]=tem;
 }
 void Heap_HeapSOrt(int na[],int n)
 {
     int i,j;
     for(i=; i>=; i--)
         na[i]=na[i-];
     for(i=n/; i>=; i--)
         Heap_Sift(na,i,n);
     for(i=n; i>=; i--)
     {
         na[] ^= na[i];
         na[i] ^= na[];
         na[] ^= na[i];
         Heap_Sift(na,,i-);
     }
 }
 void Merge_Merge(int na[],int low,int mid,int high)
 {
     int *n1;
     int i=low,j=mid+,k=;
     n1=(int *)malloc((high-low+)*sizeof(int));
     while(i<=mid&&j<=high)
         if(na[i]<=na[j])
             n1[k++]=na[i++];
         else
             n1[k++]=na[j++];
     while(i<=mid)
         n1[k++]=na[i++];
     while(j<=high)
         n1[k++]=na[j++];
     for(k=,i=low; i<=high; k++,i++)
         na[i]=n1[k];
 }
 void Merge_MergePass(int na[],int length,int n)
 {
     int i;
     for(i=; i+*length-<n; i=i+*length)
         Merge_Merge(na,i,i+length-,i+*length-);
     if(i+length-<n)
         Merge_Merge(na,i,i+length-,n-);
 }
 void Merge_MergeSort(int na[],int n)
 {
     int length,k,i=;
     for(length=; length<n; length=*length)
         Merge_MergePass(na,length,n);
 }
 void CountSort(int na[],int n)
 {
     int nmax=,i,j;
     for(i=; i<n; i++)
         nmax=max(nmax,na[i]);
     int na1[nmax+]= {};
     for(i=; i<n; i++)
         na1[na[i]]++;
     for(j=,i=; i<=nmax; i++)
         while(na1[i]--)
             na[j++]=i;
 }
 void Display(int na[],int n,string s)
 {
     cout<<s<<": ";
     for(int i=; i<n; i++)
         cout<<na[i]<<" ";
     cout<<endl;
 }
 void Display(int na[],int n)
 {
     cout<<"HeapSort: ";
     for(int i=; i<=n; i++)
         cout<<na[i]<<" ";
     cout<<endl;
 }
 #define n 10
 int main()
 {
     int na[n]= {,,,-,,,,,,};
     InsertSort(na,n);
     Display(na,n,"InsertSort");
 
     int na1[n]= {,,,,,,-,,,};
     ShellSort(na1,n);
     Display(na1,n,"ShellSort");
 
     int na2[n]= {,,,,,,-,,,};
     BubbleSort(na2,n);
     Display(na2,n,"BubbleSort");
 
     int na3[n]= {,,,,,,,-,,};
     QuickSort(na3,,n-);
     Display(na3,n,"QuickSort");
 
     int na4[n]= {,,,,,,-,,,};
     SelectSOrt(na4,n);
     Display(na4,n,"SelectSort");
 
     int na5[n]= {,,,,,,,,-,};
     Heap_HeapSOrt(na5,n);
     Display(na5,n);
 
     int na6[n]= {,,,,,-,-,,,};
     Merge_MergeSort(na6,n);
     Display(na6,n,"MergeSort");
 
     int na7[n]= {,,,,,,,,,};
     CountSort(na7,n);
     Display(na7,n,"CountSort(don't sort minus)");
     return ;
 }