ubuntu基础

下载地址：

　　http://cdimage.ubuntu.com/releases/

#：配置多网卡静态IP地址和路由
 
root@ubuntu:~# vim /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    eth0:
      dhcp4: no
      dhcp6: no
      addresses: [192.168.7.101/21]
      gateway4: 192.168.7.254
      nameservers:
        addresses: [172.16.0.1]
    eth1:
      dhcp4: no
      dhcp6: no
      addresses: [10.20.7.101/21]
      routes:
        - to: 172.16.20.0/16
          via: 10.20.0.1
        - to: 10.30.0.0/16
          via: 10.20.0.1
 
#：重启网卡
 
root@ubuntu:~# netplan apply

#：单网卡桥接
 
root@ubuntu:~# vim /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    eth0:
      dhcp4: no
      dhcp6: no
 
  bridges:
    br0:
      dhcp4: no
      dhcp6: no
      addresses: [172.16.14.55/16]
      gateway4: 172.16.0.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [172.16.0.1]
      interfaces:
        - eth0

#：多网卡桥接
root@ubuntu:~# vim /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml 
 
    eth0:
      dhcp4: no
      dhcp6: no
    eth1:
      dhcp4: no
      dhcp6: no
 
  bridges:
    br0:
      dhcp4: no
      dhcp6: no
      addresses: [172.16.14.55/16]
      gateway4: 172.16.0.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [172.16.0.1]
      interfaces:
        - eth0
    br1:
      dhcp4: no
      dhcp6: no
      addresses: [172.16.14.66/16]
      gateway4: 172.16.0.1
      interfaces:
        - eth1

#：双网卡绑定
 
root@ubuntu:~# vim /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml 
 
# For more information, see netplan(5).
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    eth0:
      dhcp4: no
      dhcp6: no
    eth1:
      dhcp4: no
      dhcp6: no
 
  bonds:
    bond0:
      interfaces:
        - eth0
        - eth1
      addresses: [172.16.14.66/16]
      gateway4: 172.16.0.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [172.16.0.1, 180.76.76.76]
      parameters:
        mode: active-backup
        mii-monitor-interval: 100

#: 内外网多网卡绑定
root@ubuntu:~# vim /etc/netplan/01-netcfg.yaml 
 
# This file describes the network interfaces available on your system
# For more information, see netplan(5).
network:
  version: 2
  renderer: networkd
  ethernets:
    eth0:
      dhcp4: no
      dhcp6: no
    eth1:
      dhcp4: no
      dhcp6: no
    eth2:
      dhcp4: no
      dhcp6: no
    eth3:
      dhcp4: no
      dhcp6: no
 
  bonds:
    bond0:
      interfaces:
        - eth0
        - eth1
      addresses: [172.16.14.66/16]
      gateway4: 172.16.0.1
      nameservers:
        addresses: [172.16.0.1, 180.76.76.76]
      parameters:
        mode: active-backup
        mii-monitor-interval: 100
 
    bond1:
      interfaces:
        - eth2
        - eth3
      addresses: [10.20.7.101/21]
      parameters:
        mode: active-backup
        mii-monitor-interval: 100

软件包管理

#：修改yum源为阿里云的（参考阿里云官网：https://opsx.alibaba.com/mirror）
 
root@ubuntu:~# vim /etc/apt/sources.list
 
root@ubuntu:~# apt update
 
1    # apt list #列出已经安装的软件包
2    # apt install apache2 #安装软件包
3    # apt remove apache2 #卸载软件包但是保留配置文件
4    # apt purge    apache2 #卸载软件包删除配置文件
5    # apt update    #更新本地软件包列表索引，修改了apt仓库后必须执行
6    # apt upgrade #升级所有已安装且可升级到新版本的软件包
7    # apt-cache    madison    nginx #查看仓库中软件包有哪些版本可以安装
8    # apt install    nginx=1.14.0-0ubuntu1.6 #安装软件包的时候指定安装具体的版本

系统优化

root@ubuntu:~# vim /etc/security/limits.conf
root    soft    core    unlimited
root    hard    core    unlimited
root    soft    nproc   1000000
root    hard    nproc   1000000
root    soft    nofile  1000000
root    hard    nofile  1000000
root    soft    memlock 32000
root    hard    memlock 32000
root    soft    msgqueue        8192000
root    hard    msgqueue        8192000
 
#:重启