[抄题]:

There is a new alien language which uses the latin alphabet. However, the order among letters are unknown to you. You receive a list of non-empty words from the dictionary, where words are sorted lexicographically by the rules of this new language. Derive the order of letters in this language.

Example 1:

Input:
[
"wrt",
"wrf",
"er",
"ett",
"rftt"
] Output: "wertf"

Example 2:

Input:
[
"z",
"x"
] Output: "zx"

Example 3:

Input:
[
"z",
"x",
"z"
] Output: ""  Explanation: The order is invalid, so return "".

[暴力解法]:

时间分析:

空间分析:

[优化后]:

时间分析:

空间分析:

[奇葩输出条件]:

[奇葩corner case]:

相同的c2,只需要存一次(没有就新存 有就不存),反正如果存过 就必须退出了(返回一组即可 不用重复加)

"["za","zb","ca","cb"]" How is this test case handled. 
It should give out an empty string as the order can not be decided from the words given. but instead it returns "azbc". 回答:we can only now z-> c and a-> b
so 'azbc' is right but right result is not limited to this only one.
you can test 'zcab', 'abzc' are will all right as it is topological sort

结果字符串长度不等于度数(不是不等于单词数)

["z","z"]的度数 = 字符串长度1
正常,应该返回"z"而不是""

[思维问题]:

忘了拓扑排序用BFS怎么写了

[英文数据结构或算法,为什么不用别的数据结构或算法]:

DFS写拓扑排序似乎都很麻烦

存点到点的对应关系,用map(其中的字符必须存成包装类Character,但是循环的时候可以写char)

        //存每个点的入度
Map<char, Integer> degree = new HashMap<>();
//存c1到c2...的对应关系
Map<char, Set<char>> map = new HashMap<>();

[一句话思路]:

[输入量]:空: 正常情况:特大:特小:程序里处理到的特殊情况:异常情况(不合法不合理的输入):

[画图]:

[一刷]:

  1. 出现index[i + 1]时,需要提前备注把上线变为n - 1

[二刷]:

  1. BFS的时候别忘了吧把取出的c1添加到结果中去. 而且必须现有c1的key才能扩展。

[三刷]:

[四刷]:

[五刷]:

[五分钟肉眼debug的结果]:

[总结]:

c1 c2都要先判断一下有没有,再存

[复杂度]:Time complexity: O(n^2 单词数*字母数) Space complexity: O(n)

[算法思想:递归/分治/贪心]:

[关键模板化代码]:

BFS的存储和扩展是两个独立的步骤,扩展时必须先判断key是否存在,再做扩展

[其他解法]:

[Follow Up]:

[LC给出的题目变变变]:

[代码风格] :

[是否头一次写此类driver funcion的代码] :

class Solution {
public String alienOrder(String[] words) {
//ini:HashMap<Char, Integer> degree, store all chars into hashmap, String res
//存每个点的入度
Map<Character, Integer> degree = new HashMap<>();
//存c1到c2...的对应关系
Map<Character, Set<Character>> map = new HashMap<>();
String res = "";
for (String word : words) {
for (char c : word.toCharArray())
degree.put(c, 0);
} //compare and store, n - 1
for (int i = 0; i < words.length - 1; i++) {
String cur = words[i];
String next = words[i + 1];
int smallerLen = Math.min(cur.length(), next.length()); for (int j = 0; j < smallerLen; j++) {
char c1 = cur.charAt(j);
char c2 = next.charAt(j); if (c1 != c2) {
//new set
Set<Character> set = new HashSet<>();
//contains c1
if (map.containsKey(c1)) set = map.get(c1); //not contain c2
if (!set.contains(c2)) {
set.add(c2);
map.put(c1, set);
degree.put(c2, degree.get(c2) + 1);
}
break;
}
}
} //bfs, get answer
Queue<Character> q = new LinkedList<>();
for (char c : degree.keySet()) {
if (degree.get(c) == 0) q.offer(c);
} while (!q.isEmpty()) {
char c1 = q.remove();
res += c1;
if (map.containsKey(c1)) {
for (char c2 : map.get(c1)) {
degree.put(c2, degree.get(c2) - 1);
if (degree.get(c2) == 0) q.offer(c2);
}
}
} //cc at end
if (res.length() != degree.size()) return ""; return res;
}
}

269. Alien Dictionary火星语字典(拓扑排序)的更多相关文章

  1. [leetcode]269. Alien Dictionary外星字典

    There is a new alien language which uses the latin alphabet. However, the order among letters are un ...

  2. [LeetCode] 269. Alien Dictionary 外文字典

    There is a new alien language which uses the latin alphabet. However, the order among letters are un ...

  3. 269. Alien Dictionary 另类字典 *HARD*

    There is a new alien language which uses the latin alphabet. However, the order among letters are un ...

  4. [LeetCode] 269. Alien Dictionary 另类字典

    There is a new alien language which uses the latin alphabet. However, the order among letters are un ...

  5. LeetCode 269. Alien Dictionary

    原题链接在这里:https://leetcode.com/problems/alien-dictionary/ 题目: There is a new alien language which uses ...

  6. 269. Alien Dictionary

    题目: There is a new alien language which uses the latin alphabet. However, the order among letters ar ...

  7. LeetCode编程训练 - 拓扑排序(Topological Sort)

    拓扑排序基础 拓扑排序用于解决有向无环图(DAG,Directed Acyclic Graph)按依赖关系排线性序列问题,直白地说解决这样的问题:有一组数据,其中一些数据依赖其他,问能否按依赖关系排序 ...

  8. 算法与数据结构基础 - 拓扑排序(Topological Sort)

    拓扑排序基础 拓扑排序用于解决有向无环图(DAG,Directed Acyclic Graph)按依赖关系排线性序列问题,直白地说解决这样的问题:有一组数据,其中一些数据依赖其他,问能否按依赖关系排序 ...

  9. [USACO12DEC]第一!First!(字典树,拓扑排序)

    [USACO12DEC]第一!First! 题目描述 Bessie has been playing with strings again. She found that by changing th ...

随机推荐

  1. [LeetCode系列]子集枚举问题[无重复元素]

    给定一组数(未排序), 求它们的所有组合可能. 如给定{1 2 3}, 返回: [ [] [1] [2] [3] [1 2] [1 3] [2 3] [1 2 3] ] 算法思路: 对数组排序, 从小 ...

  2. YARN的Fair Scheduler和Capacity Scheduler

    关于Scheduler YARN有四种调度机制:Fair Schedule,Capacity Schedule,FIFO以及Priority: 其中Fair Scheduler是资源池机制,进入到里面 ...

  3. 空间的搜索与R树

    在现实地图应用中,有个比较常见的问题,比如,你到了一个地方,想查查附近1km内有什么饭店. 这时地图应用就可以马上查询出周围有什么饭店,如果让你设计,你会怎么设计.假设局限在中国的地图上,共有1000 ...

  4. MFC对话框的Edit控件实现响应Ctrl+A全选,并实现自动/手动换行+滚动条

    首先是在Properties中设置控件属性的问题,首先必须得将Mutilines属性设为true,才能支持多行显示. 手动换行(按Enter键换行):将Want Return属性设为true 自动换行 ...

  5. 理解C/C++中const char*、char* const、const char* const、char* const*等等

    先说些题外话,今天学习execve(2)的使用,由于书上代码使用的是C89标准,所以下面这种代码都被我修改了 char* s[] = { "aaa", "bbb" ...

  6. linux网络编程、系统编程

    http://blog.csdn.net/lianghe_work/article/category/2871247

  7. Hive语句执行优化-简化UDF执行过程

      Hive会将执行的SQL语句翻译成对应MapReduce任务,当SQL语句比较简单时,性能还是可能处于可接受的范围.但是如果涉及到非常复杂的业务逻辑,特别是通过程序的方式(一些模版语言生成)生成大 ...

  8. 017:磁盘I/0介绍和测试

    一. 磁盘 1. 磁盘的访问模式 顺序访问 顺序的访问磁盘上的块: 一般经过测试后,得到该值的单位是MB/s,表示为磁盘带宽,普通硬盘在 50~ 100 MB/s 随机访问 随机的访问磁盘上的块 也可 ...

  9. Julia - 循环

    while 循环 当 while 后的条件成立的话,执行循环体内的语句,直到条件不成立,跳出循环 如果条件一直成立,或者循环体中的语句没有能让条件不成立的,则是死循环 julia> i = 1; ...

  10. APP压力测试异常结果分析

    CRASH:即奔溃,应用程序在使用过程中,非正常的退出 ANR:Application Not responding(响应延时,响应时间过长)