超简洁!利用easyExcel导出,读入Excel
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深夜,在东莞,7天酒店,打开电脑,访问国内最大的同性交友网站。
日常开发中,导出导入场景非常多,尤其是对于后台管理更是一个列表一个导出,如果从导出的业务中抽离出复用代码,专注于逻辑开发,对于开发者而言非常重要。前有使用POI,但作者还是更喜EasyExcel的简洁高效不拖沓,所以特意写篇文章记录下。
准备工作
准备工作是看文档了解EasyExcel吗?不,我们直接上手吧!我发现最近的业务里面,最简单的例子已经应付下来了!所以准备工作自然只需导入EasyExcel的jar包,这里我们由于是springboot项目,所以直接使用maven。直接上最新的版本了!pom.xml给它加上:
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<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>easyexcel</artifactId>
<version>2.2.5</version>
</dependency>
导出
准备工作已经完成,导出开始,首先需要一个Bean类,导出的字段和Excel文件的字段一样即可。@Data是用了lombok,@ExcelProperty则包含了Excel首行的名称和字段所在位置,从0开始,不能重复。
@Data
public class ExportVo {
@ExcelProperty(value = "名称", index = 0)
private String name;
@ExcelProperty(value = "时间", index = 1)
private Date time;
@NumberFormat("#.##%")
@ExcelProperty(value = "完成率", index = 2)
private Float rate;
}
接下来是逻辑实现:
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@PostMapping("/export")
public void export(@RequestBody ExportDto dto, HttpServletResponse response)
throws IOException {
String fileName = "统计表";
ExcelUtil.download(response, fileName, ExportVo.class,
getExportVoList());
}
private List getExportVoList() {
// 这里主要是获取List<ExportVo>内容,不提供实现了,需要说下注意点。
1、导出列表应该有时间之类的限制(例如最近一个月),避免导出Excel过大,过大Excel一般采用分sheet导出(尤其xls文件,有65535条数限制)、分文件打包导出,上传文件服务器异步导出,不可突破的最大导出(限死5w条)。
2、一来考虑数据库查询和内存压力,二来分页插件可能存在最大页数限制,所以较多条数时必须做分页查询,再组合List对象。
3、一般从数据库直接查出数据不满足导出字段需要,有必要时需要做字段转换。
}
导出的处理类:
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public class ExcelUtil {
public static void download(HttpServletResponse response, String fileName,
Class cls, List dataList)
throws IOException {
response.setContentType("application/vnd.ms-excel");
response.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");
String fname = URLEncoder.encode(fileName, "utf-8");
response.setHeader("Content-disposition",
"attachment;filename=" + fname + ExcelTypeEnum.XLSX.getValue());
LongestMatchColumnWidthStyleStrategy longestMatchColumnWidthStyleStrategy =
new LongestMatchColumnWidthStyleStrategy();
EasyExcel.write(response.getOutputStream(), cls)
.sheet("sheet1")
.registerWriteHandler(longestMatchColumnWidthStyleStrategy)
.doWrite(dataList);
response.flushBuffer();
}
启动程序,使用postman试下,直接点Send的话会返回一堆乱码,选择Send and Download则可导出Excel,不过文件名是URL编码过的,这个文件名编码问题在浏览器则不会存在。
导入
导入是为了减少人工录入大量数据的烦恼,挺好的。
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@Autowired
private ImportService importService;
@PostMapping("/import")
public void import(
@RequestParam(value = "file") MultipartFile file,
@Min(1) @RequestParam("type") int type
) throws IOException {
ImportQueryDto dto = new ImportQueryDto();
dto.setType(type);
// ImportDto是导入对应类,UploadDataListener是处理类,逻辑处理服务需要以参数形式传入
EasyExcel.read(file.getInputStream(), ImportDto.class,
new UploadDataListener(importService)).sheet().doRead();
}
导入Excel对应类,ExcelProperty对应导入字段的首部。
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@Data
public class ImportDto {
@ExcelProperty("名称")
private String name;
@ExcelProperty("数量")
private Integer num;
}
导入处理:
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public class UploadDataListener
extends AnalysisEventListener<ImportDto> {
// 一次导入多少便入库,避免大量入库
private static final int BATCH_COUNT = 50;
// 存放导入列表
List<ImportDto> list = new ArrayList<>();
private ImportService importService;
public UploadDataListener(ImportService importService) {
this.importService = importService;
}
@Override
public void invoke(ImportDto importDto, AnalysisContext analysisContext) {
list.add(importDto);
if (list.size() >= BATCH_COUNT) {
saveData();
list.clear();
}
}
@Override
public void doAfterAllAnalysed(AnalysisContext analysisContext) {
saveData();
}
private void saveData() {
List<ImportModel> importModelList = new ArrayList<>();
for (ImportDto dto : list) {
ImportModel model = new ImportModel();
model.setName(dto.getName());
model.setNum(dto.getNum())
importModelList.add(model);
}
importService.saveBatch(importModelList);
}
}
实际上,导入文件的内容是需要校验的,数据格式校验等,需要询问产品是否忽略错误的数据,只导入正常的数据,然后怎么友好提示错误的内容,通过返回一个包含错误信息Excel或提示框,更进一步的提示,则是提示到哪一个格子有问题。
睡觉。
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background-color: #e7e7e7;
border: 0 none;
overflow: hidden;
box-sizing: content-box;
}
li p.first {
display: inline-block;
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ul,
ol {
padding-left: 30px;
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ul:first-child,
ol:first-child {
margin-top: 0;
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ul:last-child,
ol:last-child {
margin-bottom: 0;
}
blockquote {
border-left: 4px solid #dfe2e5;
padding: 0 15px;
color: #777777;
}
blockquote blockquote {
padding-right: 0;
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table {
padding: 0;
word-break: initial;
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table tr {
border-top: 1px solid #dfe2e5;
margin: 0;
padding: 0;
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table tr:nth-child(2n),
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background-color: #f8f8f8;
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table tr th {
font-weight: bold;
border: 1px solid #dfe2e5;
border-bottom: 0;
margin: 0;
padding: 6px 13px;
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table tr td {
border: 1px solid #dfe2e5;
margin: 0;
padding: 6px 13px;
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table tr th:first-child,
table tr td:first-child {
margin-top: 0;
}
table tr th:last-child,
table tr td:last-child {
margin-bottom: 0;
}
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padding-left: 4px;
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box-shadow: 0 1px 1px 0 rgba(0,28,36,.3);
border-top: 1px solid #eef2f2;
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code,
tt {
border: 1px solid #e7eaed;
background-color: #f8f8f8;
border-radius: 3px;
padding: 0;
padding: 2px 4px 0px 4px;
font-size: 0.9em;
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background-color: #f3f4f4;
padding: 0 2px 0 2px;
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margin-bottom: 15px;
margin-top: 15px;
padding-top: 8px;
padding-bottom: 6px;
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margin-left: -1.3em;
}
@media print {
html {
font-size: 13px;
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table,
pre {
page-break-inside: avoid;
}
pre {
word-wrap: break-word;
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background-color: #f8f8f8;
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padding: 1rem;
font-size: 85%;
line-height: 1.45;
background-color: #f7f7f7;
border: 0;
border-radius: 3px;
color: #777777;
margin-top: 0 !important;
}
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bottom: .375rem;
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background: #fafafa;
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left: -1.5625rem;
top: .375rem;
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left: -1.5625rem;
top: .285714286rem;
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left: -1.5625rem;
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left: -1.5625rem;
top: .285714286rem;
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border-radius: 3px;
padding: 2px 0px 0px 4px;
font-size: 0.9em;
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color: #a7a7a7;
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margin-top:20px;
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border: 1px solid #ddd;
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border-left-color: rgba(85, 85, 85, 0.12);
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font-family: "Segoe UI", "Arial", sans-serif;
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color: #b4654d;
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--item-hover-bg-color: #E6F0FE;
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border: 0;
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border-color: #e5e5e5;
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-->
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