以读取百度的http网页为例。如果知道了IP地址和端口，然后新建一个Socket，就直接去读百度的首页，根本没反应，原因是www.baidu.com是以http协议传输的，而现在要以Socket原始的套接字读写，远程服务器没有收到客户端的GET报文，故无法做出响应。正确的方式是在Socket输出流中写入HTTP的GET报文，输出流中的报文告诉远程服务器自己要GET网页内容，这样远程服务器才会响应我们的数据请求：

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;

public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
Test test = new Test();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
public Test() throws Exception {
InetAddress inetAddress = InetAddress.getByName("www.baidu.com");
Socket socket = new Socket(inetAddress.getHostAddress(), 80);

if (socket.isConnected()) {
System.out.println("连接建立,远程地址:" + socket.getRemoteSocketAddress());
}

// 关键！此处在Socket的输出流写入HTTP的GET报文，请服务器做出响应。
BufferedWriter bw = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream()));
bw.write("GET / HTTP/1.1\r\n");
bw.write("Host: www.baidu.com\r\n");
bw.write("\r\n");
bw.flush();

// 开始读取远程服务器的响应数据。
BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(socket.getInputStream());

byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
int count = 0;
while (true) {
count = bis.read(buffer);
if (count == -1) {
break;
}

System.out.println(new String(buffer, 0, count, "UTF-8"));
}

bw.close();
bis.close();
socket.close();
}
}

代码运行后读出的百度远程服务器响应数据：

连接建立,远程地址:/180.97.33.108:80
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Accept-Ranges: bytes
Cache-Control: no-cache
Connection: Keep-Alive
Content-Length: 14615
Content-Type: text/html
Date: Tue, 05 Mar 2019 09:24:38 GMT
Etag: "5c73a860-3917"
Last-Modified: Mon, 25 Feb 2019 08:33:36 GMT
P3p: CP=" OTI DSP COR IVA OUR IND COM "
Pragma: no-cache
Server: BWS/1.1
Set-Cookie: BAIDUID=A4AD1A6D67DD43C32BFF6502C37F4E67:FG=1; expires=Thu, 31-Dec-37 23:55:55 GMT; max-age=2147483647; path=/; domain=.baidu.com
Set-Cookie: BIDUPSID=A4AD1A6D67DD43C32BFF6502C37F4E67; expires=Thu, 31-Dec-37 23:55:55 GMT; max-age=2147483647; path=/; domain=.baidu.com
Set-Cookie: PSTM=1551777878; expires=Thu, 31-Dec-37 23:55:55 GMT; max-age=2147483647; path=/; domain=.baidu.com
Vary: Accept-Encoding
X-Ua-Compatible: IE=Edge,chrome=1

<!DOCTYPE html><!--STATUS OK-->
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=utf-8">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge">
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//s1.bdstatic.com"/>
<link rel="dns-prefetc
h" href="//t1.baidu.com"/>
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//t2.baidu.com"/>
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//t3.baidu.com"/>
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//t10.baidu.com"/>
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//t11.baidu.com"/>
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="/www.ycjszpgs.com t12.baidu.com"/>
<link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//www.dfzx157.com b1.bdstatic.com"/>
<title>百度一下，你就知道</title>
<link href="http://s1.bdstatic.com/r/www/cache/static/home/css/index.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" />
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<script>function h(obj){obj.style.behavior=www.yongshi123.cn 'url(#default#homepage)';var a = obj.setHomePa
ge('//www.baidu.com/');}</script>
<noscript><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0; url=/baidu.html?from=noscript"/></noscript>
<script>window._ASYNC_START=new Date(www.yongshiyule178.com).getTime();</script>
</head>
<body link="#0000cc"><div id=www.myzx1.com"wrapper" style="display:none;"><div id="u"><a href="//www.baidu.com/gaoji/preferences.html" onmousedown="return user_c({'fm':'set','tab':'setting','login':'0'})">搜索设置</a>|<a id="btop" href="/" onmousedown="return user_c({'fm':'set','tab':'index','login':'0'})">百度首页</a>|<a id="lb" href="https://passport.baidu.com/v2/?login&tpl=mn&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baidu.com%2F" onclick="return false;" onmousedown="return user_c({'fm':'set','tab':'login'})">登录</a><a href="https://passport.baidu.com/v2/?reg&regType=1&tpl=mn&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baidu.com%2F" onmousedown="return user_c({'fm':'set','tab':'reg'})" target="_blank" class="reg">注册</a></div><div id="head"><div class="s_nav"><a href="/" class="s_logo" onmousedown="return c({'fm':'tab','tab':'logo'})">www.xinghenyule.com<img src="//www.b
aidu.com/img/baidu_jgylogo3.gif" width="117" height="38" border="0" alt="到百度首页" title="到百度首页"></a><div class="s_tab" id="s_tab"><a href="http://news.baidu.com/ns?cl=2&rn=20&tn=news&word=" wdfield="word" onmousedown="return c({'fm':'tab','tab':'news'})">新闻</a>　<b>网页</b>　<a href="http://www.yongshiyule178.com/ tieba.baidu.com/f?kw=&fr=wwwt" wdfield="kw" onmousedown="return c({'fm':'tab','tab':'tieba'})">贴吧</a>　<a href="http://zhidao.baidu.com/q?ct=17&pn=0&tn=ikaslist&rn=10&word=&fr=wwwt" wdfield="word" onmousedown="return c({'fm':'tab','tab':'zhidao'})">知道</a>　<a href="http://music.baidu.com/search?fr=ps&key=" wdfield="key" onmousedown="return c({'fm':'tab','tab':'music'})">音乐</a>　<a href="http://image.baidu.com/i?tn=www.michenggw.com  baiduimage&ps=1&ct=201326592&lm=-1&cl=2&nc=1&word=" wdfield="word" onmousedown="return c({'fm':'tab','tab':'pic'})">图片</a>　<a href="http://v.baidu.com/v?ct=301989888&rn=20&pn=0&db=0&s=25&word=" wdfield="word" onmousedown="return c
({'fm':'tab','tab':'video'})">视频</a>　<a href="http://map.baidu.com/m?word=&fr=ps01000" wdfield="word" onmousedown="return c({'fm':'tab','tab':'map'})">地图</a>　<a href="http://wenku.baidu.com/search?word=&lm=0&od=0" wdfield="word" onmousedown="return c({'fm':'tab','tab':'wenku'})">文库</a>　<a href="//www.baidu.com/more/" onmousedown="return c({'fm':'tab','tab':'more'})">更多?</a></div></div><form id="form" name="f" action="/s" class="fm" ><input type="hidden" name="ie" value="utf-8"><input type="hidden" name="f" value="8">www.jiuzhoyulpt.cn<input type="hidden" name="rsv_bp" value="1"><span class="bg s_ipt_wr"><input name="wd" id="kw" class="s_ipt" value="" maxlength="100"></span><span class="bg s_btn_wr"><input type="submit" id="su" value="百度一下" class="bg s_btn" onmousedown="this.className='bg s_btn s_btn_h'" onmouseout="this.className='bg s_btn'"></span><span class="tools"><span id="mHolder"><div id="mCon"><span>输入法</span>www.enzuo178.com</div><ul id="mMenu"><li><a href="javascript:;" name="im
e_hw">手写</a></li><li><a href="javascript:;" name="ime_py">拼音</a></li><li class="ln"></li><li><a href="javascript:;" name="ime_cl">关闭</a></li></ul></span><span class="shouji"><strong>推荐&nbsp;:&nbsp;</strong><a href="http://w.x.baidu.com/go/mini/8/10000020" onmousedown="return ns_c({'fm':'behs','tab':'bdbrowser'})">百度浏览器，打开网页快2秒！</a></span></span></form></div><div id="content"><div id="u1"><a href="http://news.baidu.com" name="tj_trnews" class="mnav">新闻</a><a href="http://www.hao123.com" name="tj_trhao123" class="mnav">hao123</a><a href="http://map.baidu.com" name="tj_trmap" class="mnav">地图</a>www.huarenyl.cn<a href="http://v.baidu.com" name="tj_trvideo" class="mnav">视频</a><a href="http://tieba.baidu.com" name="tj_trtieba" class="mnav">贴吧</a><a href="https://passport.baidu.com/v2/?login&tpl=mn&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baidu.com%2F" name="tj_login" id="lb" onclick="return false;">登录</a><a href="//www.baidu.com/gaoji/preferences.html" name="tj_settingicon" id="pf">设置</
a><a href="//www.baidu.com/more/" name="tj_briicon" id="bri">更多产品</a></div><div id="m"><p id="lg"><img src="//www.baidu.com/img/bd_logo.png" width="270" height="129"></p><p id="nv"><a href="http://news.baidu.com">新&nbsp;闻</a>　<b>网&nbsp;页</b>　<a href="http://tieba.baidu.com">贴&nbsp;吧</a>　<a href="http://zhidao.baidu.com">知&nbsp;道</a>　<a href="http://music.baidu.com">音&nbsp;乐</a>　<a href="http://image.baidu.com">图&nbsp;片</a>　<a href="http://v.baidu.com">视&nbsp;频</a>　<a href="http://map.baidu.com">地&nbsp;图</a></p><div id="fm"><form id="form1" name="f1" action="/s" class="fm"><span class="bg s_ipt_wr"><input type="text" name="wd" id="kw1" maxlength="100" class="s_ipt"></span><input type="hidden" name="rsv_bp" value="0"><input type=hidden name=ch value=""><input type=hidden name=tn value="baidu"><input type=hidden name=bar value=""><input type="hidden" name="rsv_spt" value="3"><input type="hidden" name="ie" value="utf-8"><span class="bg s_btn_wr"><input type="s
ubmit" value="百度一下" id="su1" class="bg s_btn" onmousedown="this.className='bg s_btn s_btn_h'" onmouseout="this.className='bg s_btn'"></span></form><span class="tools"><span id="mHolder1"><div id="mCon1"><span>输入法</span></div></span></span><ul id="mMenu1"><div class="mMenu1-tip-arrow"><em></em><ins></ins></div><li><a href="javascript:;" name="ime_hw">手写</a></li><li><a href="javascript:;" name="ime_py">拼音</a></li><li class="ln"></li><li><a href="javascript:;" name="ime_cl">关闭</a></li></ul></div><p id="lk"><a href="http://baike.baidu.com">百科</a>　<a href="http://wenku.baidu.com">文库</a>　<a href="http://www.hao123.com">hao123</a><span>&nbsp;|&nbsp;<a href="//www.baidu.com/more/">更多&gt;&gt;</a></span></p><p id="lm"></p></div></div><div id="ftCon"><div id="ftConw"><p id="lh"><a id="seth" onClick="h(this)" href="/" onmousedown="return ns_c({'fm':'behs','tab':'homepage','pos':0})">把百度设为主页</a><a id="setf" href="//www.baidu.com/cache/sethelp/index.html" onmousedown=
"return ns_c({'fm':'behs','tab':'favorites','pos':0})" target="_blank">把百度设为主页</a><a onmousedown="return ns_c({'fm':'behs','tab':'tj_about'})" href="http://home.baidu.com">关于百度</a><a onmousedown="return ns_c({'fm':'behs','tab':'tj_about_en'})" href="http://ir.baidu.com">About Baidu</a></p><p id="cp">&copy;2018&nbsp;Baidu&nbsp;<a href="/duty/" name="tj_duty">使用百度前必读</a>&nbsp;京ICP证030173号&nbsp;<img src="http://s1.bdstatic.com/r/www/cache/static/global/img/gs_237f015b.gif"></p></div></div><div id="wrapper_wrapper"></div></div><div class="c-tips-container" id="c-tips-container"></div>
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ion(e){var $s = iptwr.parent().find('.bdsug');var l = $s.find('li').length;if(l>=5){$s.addClass('bdsugbg');}else{$s.removeClass('bdsugbg');}});}if(btnwr && btn){btnwr.on('mouseover',function(){btn.addClass('btnhover');}).on('mouseout',function(){btn.removeClass('btnhover');});}}});</script>
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<script>(function(){var _init=false;window.initIndex=function(){if(_init){return;}_init=true;var w=window,d=document,n=navigator,k=d.f1.wd,a=d.getElementById("nv").getElementsByTagName("a"),isIE=n.userAgent.indexOf("MSIE")!=-1&&!window.opera;(function(){if(/q=([^&]+)/.test(location.search)){k.value=decodeURIComponent(RegExp["\x241"])}})();(function(){var u = G("u1").getElementsByTagName("a"), nv = G("nv").getElementsByTagName("a"), lk = G("lk").getElementsByTagName("a"), un = "";var tj_nv = ["news","tieba","zhidao","mp3","img","video","map"];var tj_lk = ["baike","wenku","hao123","more"];un = bds.comm.user == "
" ? "" : bds.comm.user;function _addTJ(obj){addEV(obj, "mousedown", function(e){var e = e || window.event;var target = e.target || e.srcElement;if(target.name){ns_c({'fm':'behs','tab':target.name,'un':encodeURIComponent(un)});}});}for(var i = 0; i < u.length; i++){_addTJ(u[i]);}for(var i = 0; i < nv.length; i++){nv[i].name = 'tj_' + tj_nv[i];}for(var i = 0; i < lk.length; i++){lk[i].name = 'tj_' + tj_lk[i];}})();(function() {var links = {'tj_news': ['word', 'http://news.baidu.com/ns?tn=news&cl=2&rn=20&ct=1&ie=utf-8'],'tj_tieba': ['kw', 'http://tieba.baidu.com/f?ie=utf-8'],'tj_zhidao': ['word', 'http://zhidao.baidu.com/search?pn=0&rn=10&lm=0'],'tj_mp3': ['key', 'http://music.baidu.com/search?fr=ps&ie=utf-8'],'tj_img': ['word', 'http://image.baidu.com/i?ct=201326592&cl=2&nc=1&lm=-1&st=-1&tn=baiduimage&istype=2&fm=&pv=&z=0&ie=utf-8'],'tj_video': ['word', 'http://video.baidu.com/v?ct=301989888&s=25&ie=utf-8'],'tj_map': ['wd', 'http://map.baidu.com/?newmap=1&ie=utf-8&s=s'],'tj_baike': ['word', 'http://baike.baidu.
com/search/word?pic=1&sug=1&enc=utf8'],'tj_wenku': ['word', 'http://wenku.baidu.com/search?ie=utf-8']};var domArr = [G('nv'), G('lk'),G('cp')],kw = G('kw1');for (var i = 0, l = domArr.length; i < l; i++) {domArr[i].onmousedown = function(e) {e = e || window.event;var target = e.target || e.srcElement,name = target.getAttribute('name'),items = links[name],reg = new RegExp('^\\s+|\\s+\x24'),key = kw.value.replace(reg, '');if (items) {if (key.length > 0) {var wd = items[0], url = items[1],url = url + ( name === 'tj_map' ? encodeURIComponent('&' + wd + '=' + key) : ( ( url.indexOf('?') > 0 ? '&' : '?' ) + wd + '=' + encodeURIComponent(key) ) );target.href = url;} else {target.href = target.href.match(new RegExp('^http:\/\/.+\.baidu\.com'))[0];}}name && ns_c({'fm': 'behs','tab': name,'query': encodeURIComponent(key),'un': encodeURIComponent(bds.comm.user || '') });};}})();};if(window.pageState==0){initIndex();}})();document.cookie = 'IS_STATIC=1;expires=' + new Date(new Date().getTime() + 10*60*1000).toGMTString()
;</script>
</body></html>

如果不用Java Socket，改用HttpURLConnection,代码如下：

import java.io.BufferedInputStream;
import java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import java.net.URL;

public class Test {
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
Test test = new Test();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}

public Test() throws Exception {
URL url = new URL("http://www.baidu.com");
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

// 开始读取远程服务器的响应数据。
BufferedInputStream bis = new BufferedInputStream(urlConnection.getInputStream());

byte[] buffer = new byte[1024 * 10];
int count = 0;
while (true) {
count = bis.read(buffer);
if (count == -1) {
break;
}

System.out.println(new String(buffer, 0, count, "UTF-8"));
}

bis.close();
}
}

运行后输出：

<!DOCTYPE html>
<!--STATUS OK--><html> <head><meta http-equiv=content-type content=text/html;charset=utf-8
---------------------

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