ElasticSearch（四）：基本搜索
ElasticSearch（四）：基本搜索
## URI Search
使用HTTP的GET方法，在URL中使用查询参数进行查询。
```
GET /movies/_search?q=2012&df=title&sort=year:desc&from=0&size=10&timeout=1s
{
"profile":"true"
}
```
* `q`指定查询语句，使用`Query String Syntax`
* `df`默认字段，若不指定，会对所有字段进行查询
* `sort`用于排序
* `from`、`size`用于分页
* `profile`用于展示查询是如何被执行的
#基本查询
GET /movies/_search?q=2012&df=title&sort=year:desc&from=0&size=10&timeout=1s
#基本查询返回结果
{
"took" : 50,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 2,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : null,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "movies",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "105254",
"_score" : null,
"_source" : {
"id" : "105254",
"genre" : [
"Adventure",
"Comedy"
],
"title" : "Crystal Fairy & the Magical Cactus and 2012",
"year" : 2013,
"@version" : "1"
},
"sort" : [
2013
]
},
{
"_index" : "movies",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "72378",
"_score" : null,
"_source" : {
"id" : "72378",
"genre" : [
"Action",
"Drama",
"Sci-Fi",
"Thriller"
],
"title" : "2012",
"year" : 2009,
"@version" : "1"
},
"sort" : [
2009
]
}
]
}
}
#带profile
GET /movies/_search?q=2012&df=title
{
"profile":"true"
}
#指定字段q=title:2012等价于q=2012&df=title
GET /movies/_search?q=title:2012&sort=year:desc&from=0&size=10&timeout=1s
{
"profile":"true"
}
#带profile返回结果
{
"took" : 14,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 2,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 11.303033,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "movies",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "72378",
"_score" : 11.303033,
"_source" : {
"id" : "72378",
"genre" : [
"Action",
"Drama",
"Sci-Fi",
"Thriller"
],
"title" : "2012",#只查询title中的2012
"year" : 2009,
"@version" : "1"
}
},
{
"_index" : "movies",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "105254",
"_score" : 5.2497,
"_source" : {
"id" : "105254",
"genre" : [
"Adventure",
"Comedy"
],
"title" : "Crystal Fairy & the Magical Cactus and 2012",
"year" : 2013,
"@version" : "1"
}
}
]
},
"profile" : {
"shards" : [
{
"id" : "[u-4S1mfbQiuA1Bqe-wfPJQ][movies][0]",
"searches" : [
{
"query" : [
{
"type" : "TermQuery",
"description" : "title:2012",
"time_in_nanos" : 1105745,
"breakdown" : {
"set_min_competitive_score_count" : 0,
"match_count" : 0,
"shallow_advance_count" : 0,
"set_min_competitive_score" : 0,
"next_doc" : 7966,
"match" : 0,
"next_doc_count" : 4,
"score_count" : 2,
"compute_max_score_count" : 0,
"compute_max_score" : 0,
"advance" : 0,
"advance_count" : 0,
"score" : 133876,
"build_scorer_count" : 9,
"create_weight" : 187971,
"shallow_advance" : 0,
"create_weight_count" : 1,
"build_scorer" : 775916
}
}
],
"rewrite_time" : 4990,
"collector" : [
{
"name" : "CancellableCollector",
"reason" : "search_cancelled",
"time_in_nanos" : 574426,
"children" : [
{
"name" : "SimpleTopScoreDocCollector",
"reason" : "search_top_hits",
"time_in_nanos" : 158099
}
]
}
]
}
],
"aggregations" : [ ]
}
]
}
}
#泛查询，正对_all,所有字段，查询所有字段中的2012
GET /movies/_search?q=2012
{
"profile":"true"
}
#使用引号，Phrase查询，还要求前后顺序保持一致，"Beautiful Mind"等效于Beautiful AND Mind
GET /movies/_search?q=title:"Beautiful Mind"
{
"profile":"true"
}
#Phrase查询返回结果
{
"took" : 16,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 1,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 13.68748,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "movies",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "4995",
"_score" : 13.68748,
"_source" : {
"id" : "4995",
"genre" : [
"Drama",
"Romance"
],
"title" : "Beautiful Mind, A", #查询条件
"year" : 2001,
"@version" : "1"
}
}
]
},
"profile" : {
"shards" : [
{
"id" : "[u-4S1mfbQiuA1Bqe-wfPJQ][movies][0]",
"searches" : [
{
"query" : [
{
"type" : "PhraseQuery", #查询类型为PhraseQuery
"description" : """title:"beautiful mind"""",
"time_in_nanos" : 10670089,
"breakdown" : {
"set_min_competitive_score_count" : 0,
"match_count" : 1,
"shallow_advance_count" : 0,
"set_min_competitive_score" : 0,
"next_doc" : 28250,
"match" : 27343,
"next_doc_count" : 3,
"score_count" : 1,
"compute_max_score_count" : 0,
"compute_max_score" : 0,
"advance" : 0,
"advance_count" : 0,
"score" : 9171,
"build_scorer_count" : 9,
"create_weight" : 7583491,
"shallow_advance" : 0,
"create_weight_count" : 1,
"build_scorer" : 3021819
}
}
],
"rewrite_time" : 7818,
"collector" : [
{
"name" : "CancellableCollector",
"reason" : "search_cancelled",
"time_in_nanos" : 39950,
"children" : [
{
"name" : "SimpleTopScoreDocCollector",
"reason" : "search_top_hits",
"time_in_nanos" : 25137
}
]
}
]
}
],
"aggregations" : [ ]
}
]
}
}
# Term查询为泛查询，(Beautiful Mind)等效于Beautiful OR Mind
GET /movies/_search?q=title:(Beautiful Mind)
{
"profile":"true"
}
{
"took" : 10,
"timed_out" : false,
"_shards" : {
"total" : 1,
"successful" : 1,
"skipped" : 0,
"failed" : 0
},
"hits" : {
"total" : {
"value" : 20,
"relation" : "eq"
},
"max_score" : 13.687479,
"hits" : [
{
"_index" : "movies",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "4995",
"_score" : 13.687479,
"_source" : {
"id" : "4995",
"genre" : [
"Drama",
"Romance"
],
"title" : "Beautiful Mind, A",
"year" : 2001,
"@version" : "1"
}
},
{
"_index" : "movies",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3912",
"_score" : 8.723258,
"_source" : {
"id" : "3912",
"genre" : [
"Comedy",
"Drama"
],
"title" : "Beautiful",
"year" : 2000,
"@version" : "1"
}
},
{
"_index" : "movies",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "47404",
"_score" : 8.576847,
"_source" : {
"id" : "47404",
"genre" : [
"Adventure",
"Animation",
"Comedy",
"Fantasy",
"Romance",
"Sci-Fi"
],
"title" : "Mind Game",
"year" : 2004,
"@version" : "1"
}
},
{
"_index" : "movies",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "1046",
"_score" : 7.317063,
"_source" : {
"id" : "1046",
"genre" : [
"Drama",
"Romance"
],
"title" : "Beautiful Thing",
"year" : 1996,
"@version" : "1"
}
},
{
"_index" : "movies",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "3302",
"_score" : 7.317063,
"_source" : {
"id" : "3302",
"genre" : [
"Comedy"
],
"title" : "Beautiful People",
"year" : 1999,
"@version" : "1"
}
},
{
"_index" : "movies",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "4242",
"_score" : 7.317063,
"_source" : {
"id" : "4242",
"genre" : [
"Comedy",
"Crime",
"Drama",
"Thriller"
],
"title" : "Beautiful Creatures",
"year" : 2000,
"@version" : "1"
}
},
{
"_index" : "movies",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "4372",
"_score" : 7.317063,
"_source" : {
"id" : "4372",
"genre" : [
"Drama",
"Romance"
],
"title" : "Crazy/Beautiful",
"year" : 2001,
"@version" : "1"
}
},
{
"_index" : "movies",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "94",
"_score" : 7.317063,
"_source" : {
"id" : "94",
"genre" : [
"Comedy",
"Drama",
"Romance"
],
"title" : "Beautiful Girls",
"year" : 1996,
"@version" : "1"
}
},
{
"_index" : "movies",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "90353",
"_score" : 7.317063,
"_source" : {
"id" : "90353",
"genre" : [
"Drama"
],
"title" : "Beautiful Boy",
"year" : 2010,
"@version" : "1"
}
},
{
"_index" : "movies",
"_type" : "_doc",
"_id" : "100487",
"_score" : 7.317063,
"_source" : {
"id" : "100487",
"genre" : [
"Drama",
"Fantasy",
"Romance"
],
"title" : "Beautiful Creatures",
"year" : 2013,
"@version" : "1"
}
}
]
},
"profile" : {
"shards" : [
{
"id" : "[u-4S1mfbQiuA1Bqe-wfPJQ][movies][0]",
"searches" : [
{
"query" : [
{
"type" : "BooleanQuery",
"description" : "title:beautiful title:mind",
"time_in_nanos" : 963305,
"breakdown" : {
"set_min_competitive_score_count" : 0,
"match_count" : 6,
"shallow_advance_count" : 0,
"set_min_competitive_score" : 0,
"next_doc" : 133259,
"match" : 2086,
"next_doc_count" : 27,
"score_count" : 20,
"compute_max_score_count" : 0,
"compute_max_score" : 0,
"advance" : 0,
"advance_count" : 0,
"score" : 32590,
"build_scorer_count" : 14,
"create_weight" : 401324,
"shallow_advance" : 0,
"create_weight_count" : 1,
"build_scorer" : 393978
},
"children" : [
{
"type" : "TermQuery",
"description" : "title:beautiful",
"time_in_nanos" : 492649,
"breakdown" : {
"set_min_competitive_score_count" : 0,
"match_count" : 0,
"shallow_advance_count" : 6,
"set_min_competitive_score" : 0,
"next_doc" : 49055,
"match" : 0,
"next_doc_count" : 15,
"score_count" : 16,
"compute_max_score_count" : 6,
"compute_max_score" : 85498,
"advance" : 6172,
"advance_count" : 6,
"score" : 20213,
"build_scorer_count" : 17,
"create_weight" : 255976,
"shallow_advance" : 4730,
"create_weight_count" : 1,
"build_scorer" : 70938
}
},
{
"type" : "TermQuery",
"description" : "title:mind",
"time_in_nanos" : 187326,
"breakdown" : {
"set_min_competitive_score_count" : 0,
"match_count" : 0,
"shallow_advance_count" : 6,
"set_min_competitive_score" : 0,
"next_doc" : 2447,
"match" : 0,
"next_doc_count" : 4,
"score_count" : 5,
"compute_max_score_count" : 6,
"compute_max_score" : 11373,
"advance" : 4506,
"advance_count" : 5,
"score" : 5483,
"build_scorer_count" : 15,
"create_weight" : 120204,
"shallow_advance" : 3324,
"create_weight_count" : 1,
"build_scorer" : 39947
}
}
]
}
],
"rewrite_time" : 16452,
"collector" : [
{
"name" : "CancellableCollector",
"reason" : "search_cancelled",
"time_in_nanos" : 85953,
"children" : [
{
"name" : "SimpleTopScoreDocCollector",
"reason" : "search_top_hits",
"time_in_nanos" : 60755
}
]
}
]
}
],
"aggregations" : [ ]
}
]
}
}
#布尔操作符
# 必须包括Beautiful 和 Mind
GET /movies/_search?q=title:(Beautiful AND Mind)
{
"profile":"true"
}
# 必须包括Beautiful 但不能包括 Mind
GET /movies/_search?q=title:(Beautiful NOT Mind)
{
"profile":"true"
}
#‘%2B’即为‘+’号表示必须包括包括 Mind
GET /movies/_search?q=title:(Beautiful %2BMind)
{
"profile":"true"
}
#范围查询 ,区间写法年份在2002~2018
GET /movies/_search?q=title:beautiful AND year:[2002 TO 2018]
{
"profile":"true"
}
#通配符查询
GET /movies/_search?q=title:b*
{
"profile":"true"
}
#模糊匹配&近似度匹配
GET /movies/_search?q=title:beautifl~1
{
"profile":"true"
}
GET /movies/_search?q=title:"Lord Rings"~2
{
"profile":"true"
}
## Request Body Search
使用Elasticsearch提供的，基于JSON格式的更加完备的Query Domain Specific Language (DSL)
#query查询
#ignore_unavailable=true，可以忽略尝试访问不存在的索引“404_idx”导致的报错
POST /movies,404_idx/_search?ignore_unavailable=true
{
"profile": true,
"query": {
"match_all": {}
}
}
#查询movies分页
POST /movies/_search
{
"from":10,
"size":20,
"query":{
"match_all": {}
}
}
#对日期排序
POST kibana_sample_data_ecommerce/_search
{
"sort":[{"order_date":"desc"}],
"query":{
"match_all": {}
}
}
#_source 过滤显示的字段
POST kibana_sample_data_ecommerce/_search
{
"_source":["order_date"],#返回结果只显示"order_date"
"query":{
"match_all": {}
}
}
#脚本字段
GET kibana_sample_data_ecommerce/_search
{
"script_fields": {
"new_field": {
"script": {
"lang": "painless",
"source": "doc['order_date'].value+'hello'"
}
}
},
"query": {
"match_all": {}
}
}
#match查询，last OR christmas
POST movies/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"title": "last christmas"
}
}
}
#match查询，last AND christmas
POST movies/_search
{
"query": {
"match": {
"title": {
"query": "last christmas",
"operator": "and"
}
}
}
}
#match_phrase查询，one AND love，且顺序不能乱
POST movies/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase": {
"title":{
"query": "one love"#不可以查出 "title" : "One I Love, The",
}
}
}
}
#match_phrase查询，slop在one love中间插入指定数量单词
POST movies/_search
{
"query": {
"match_phrase": {
"title":{
"query": "one love",#可以查出 "title" : "One I Love, The",
"slop": 1
}
}
}
}
PUT /users/_doc/1
{
"name":"Ruan Yiming",
"about":"java, golang, node, swift, elasticsearch"
}
PUT /users/_doc/2
{
"name":"Li Yiming",
"about":"Hadoop"
}
#query_string查询
POST users/_search
{
"query": {
"query_string": {
"default_field": "name",
"query": "Ruan AND Yiming"
}
}
}
#query_string查询
POST users/_search
{
"query": {
"query_string": {
"fields":["name","about"],
"query": "(Ruan AND Yiming) OR (Java AND Elasticsearch)"
}
}
}
#Simple Query 类似query_string查询，但会忽略错误的语法，同时只支持部分查询语法；默认的operator是 Or，可以指定；不支持AND OR NOT，会当字符串处理；支持部分逻辑+替代AND，|替代OR，-替代NOT
POST users/_search
{
"query": {
"simple_query_string": {
"query": "Ruan AND Yiming",
"fields": ["name"]
}
}
}
#Simple Query
POST users/_search
{
"query": {
"simple_query_string": {
"query": "Ruan Yiming",
"fields": ["name"],
"default_operator": "AND"
}
}
}
GET /movies/_search
{
"profile": true,
"query":{
"query_string":{
"default_field": "title",
"query": "Beafiful AND Mind"
}
}
}
# 多fields
GET /movies/_search
{
"profile": true,
"query":{
"query_string":{
"fields":[
"title",
"year"
],
"query": "2012"
}
}
}
GET /movies/_search
{
"profile":true,
"query":{
"simple_query_string":{
"query":"Beautiful +mind",
"fields":["title"]
}
}
}
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