Unity3D学习笔记（二十六）：MVC框架下的背包系统（1）

MVC背包

需求：

1、背包格子的装备是可以拖动的

2、装备栏的装备也是可以拖动的

3、当背包格子的装备拖动到装备栏时，如果是装备类型和装备栏类型是一致的能装上

4、背包的装备是按照顺序放在格子中的，有分页的功能

5、每件装备上有物品的属性加成

6、人物有基本的属性和装备加成的属性，界面显示就是基本属性+ 加成属性（绿色标识）

7、当你拖动背包的装备时，对应能装备该物品的装备栏要提示

8、不光需要拖动才能装备，鼠标右键点击装备也能装备或卸下

9、背包是通过负重来显示装备的多少的

10、背包的装备拖动到非背包区域，可以销毁

11、鼠标悬停装备时，显示装备的属性信息

12、一件整理，把相同类型的装备放在一起（考虑权重）

13、一件出售

 

MVC结构

Model（数据层）

1、每一件装备需要一个类来存储属性信息

2、人物的基本属性，和身上的装备，装备的加成需要一个类来存储

3、背包里的装备和背包的负重需要一个类来存储

 

View（视图层）

1、每个格子是可以拖动装备的，对于背包的格子和装备栏的格子拖动的功能是一致的，但是拖动结束时的判断不一致，我们可以把共有的功能抽象出来一个基类，两个子类分别继承基类。

2、对于人物显示的界面，需要一个类来管理装备栏的装备，显示人物的属性。

3、需要一个背包的类来管理每个格子，显示页数，负重等信息。

4、当鼠标放在装备上时，显示装备的基本信息也需要一个类来做处理。

 

Control（控制层）

需要一个控制层来做数据的交换，删除等等

 

界面搭建

画布尺寸1920x1080

字体锚点

字体自适应10-20

限制列数，中心对齐

Model

ItemData，物品信息类

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
/// <summary>
/// 该类用于存储装备的基本属性
/// </summary>
[System.Serializable]
public class ItemData
{
    #region 私有变量
    [SerializeField]
    private int id;//作为物品的唯一标识
    [SerializeField]
    private string itemName;//物品的名字
    [SerializeField]
    private string iconName;//物品显示图片的名字
    [SerializeField]
    private float atk;//攻击力加成
    [SerializeField]
    private float def;//防御力加成
    [SerializeField]
    private float thump;//暴击率加成
    [SerializeField]
    private float hp;//血量加成
    [SerializeField]
    private float mp;//加成
    [SerializeField]
    private float anger;//怒气加成
    [SerializeField]
    private float weight;//重量
    [SerializeField]
    private ItemType type;//物品的类型
    #endregion
    #region 属性
    public int Id
    {
        get
        {
            return id;
        }
    }
    public string ItemName
    {
        get
        {
            return itemName;
        }
    }
    public string IconName
    {
        get
        {
            return iconName;
        }
    }
    public float Atk
    {
        get
        {
            return atk;
        }
    }
    public float Def
    {
        get
        {
            return def;
        }
    }
    public float Thump
    {
        get
        {
            return thump;
        }
    }
    public float Hp
    {
        get
        {
            return hp;
        }
    }
    public float Mp
    {
        get
        {
            return mp;
        }
    }
    public float Anger
    {
        get
        {
            return anger;
        }
    }
    public float Weight
    {
        get
        {
            return weight;
        }
    }
    public ItemType Type
    {
        get
        {
            return type;
        }
    }
    #endregion
    #region 构造函数
    public ItemData() { }
    public ItemData(int id, string itemName, string iconName, float atk,
        float def, float thump, float hp, float mp, float anger, float weight, ItemType type)
    {
        this.id = id;
        this.itemName = itemName;
        this.iconName = iconName;
        this.atk = atk;
        this.def = def;
        this.thump = thump;
        this.hp = hp;
        this.mp = mp;
        this.anger = anger;
        this.weight = weight;
        this.type = type;
    }
    #endregion
}

ItemType，物品类型类

/// <summary>
/// 物品的类型, 装备栏能装备的类型
/// </summary>
public enum ItemType
{
    Weapon,//武器
    Cap,//头盔
    Armour,//铠甲
    Ring,//戒指
    Belt,//腰带
    Necklace,//项链
    Shoe,//鞋子
    Headwear,//头饰
}

PlayerData，角色装备类

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class PlayerData
{
    #region 单例
    private static PlayerData instance;//这个数据类的单例，从文件中反序列化来的
    public static PlayerData Instance
    {
        get
        {
            return instance;
        }
    }
    private PlayerData() { }
    /// <summary>
    /// 对单例进行赋值
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="data"></param>
    public static void SetInstance(PlayerData data)
    {
        if (null == data)
        {
            instance = new PlayerData();
        }
        else
        {
            instance = data;
        }
    }
    #endregion
    #region 私有变量
    [SerializeField]
    private List<ItemData> items;//人物身上穿戴的装备
    [SerializeField]
    private float atk;//基础攻击力
    [SerializeField]
    private float def;//基础防御力
    [SerializeField]
    private float thump;//基础暴击率
    [SerializeField]
    private float hp;//基础血量
    [SerializeField]
    private float mp;//基础魔法
    [SerializeField]
    private float anger;//基础怒气
    //装备的属性加成都是装备的装备计算出来的
    private float addAtk;//装备攻击力加成
    private float addDef;//
    private float addThump;//
    private float addHp;//
    private float addMp;//
    private float addAnger;//
    #endregion
    #region 属性
    public float Atk
    {
        get
        {
            return atk;
        }
    }
    public float Def
    {
        get
        {
            return def;
        }
    }
    public float Thump
    {
        get
        {
            return thump;
        }
    }
    public float Hp
    {
        get
        {
            return hp;
        }
    }
    public float Mp
    {
        get
        {
            return mp;
        }
    }
    public float Anger
    {
        get
        {
            return anger;
        }
    }
    public float AddAtk
    {
        get
        {
            return addAtk;
        }
    }
    public float AddDef
    {
        get
        {
            return addDef;
        }
    }
    public float AddThump
    {
        get
        {
            return addThump;
        }
    }
    public float AddHp
    {
        get
        {
            return addHp;
        }
    }
    public float AddMp
    {
        get
        {
            return addMp;
        }
    }
    public float AddAnger
    {
        get
        {
            return addAnger;
        }
    }
    public List<ItemData> Items
    {
        get
        {
            return items;
        }
    }
    #endregion
    #region 提供一些访问或删除装备的方法
    /// <summary>
    /// 通过装备的ID来访问装备
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="id"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public ItemData GetItem(int id)
    {
        return null;
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 通过装备的类型来访问装备
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="type"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public ItemData GetItem(ItemType type)
    {
        return null;
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 添加装备
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="data"></param>
    public void AddItem(ItemData data)
    {
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 删除装备
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="data"></param>
    public void RemoveItem(ItemData data)
    {
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 通过ID删除装备
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="id"></param>
    public void RemoveItem(int id)
    {
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 通过装备类型删除装备
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="type"></param>
    public void RemoveItem(ItemType type)
    {
    }
    #endregion
    public void Init()
    {
        UpdateAdditionData();
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 计算装备的加成数据, 每次当数据发生改变的时候调用
    /// </summary>
    void UpdateAdditionData()
    {
        this.addAtk = ;
        this.addDef = ;
        this.addThump = ;
        this.addHp = ;
        this.addMp = ;
        this.addAnger = ;
        //把每一件装备的加成数据加给实际的数据
        for (int i = ; i < items.Count; i++)
        {
            this.addAtk += items[i].Atk;
            this.addDef += items[i].Def;
            this.addThump += items[i].Thump;
            this.addHp += items[i].Hp;
            this.addMp += items[i].Mp;
            this.addAnger += items[i].Anger;
        }
    }
}

BagData，背包物品类

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class BagData
{
    #region 单例
    private static BagData instance;//从文件中反序列化来的
    public static BagData Instance
    {
        get
        {
            return instance;
        }
    }
    private BagData() { }
    public static void SetInstance(BagData data)
    {
        if (data == null)
        {
            data = new BagData();
            data.items = new List<ItemData>();
        }
        else
        {
            instance = data;
        }
    }
    #endregion
    #region 私有变量
    [SerializeField]
    private List<ItemData> items;//当前的所有的装备
    [SerializeField]
    private float maxCapacity;//最大容量, 从文件中读取进来的
    private float currentCapacity;//当前容量, 根据当前背包的装备计算出来的
    #endregion
    #region 属性
    public float MaxCapacity
    {
        get
        {
            return maxCapacity;
        }
    }
    public float CurrentCapacity
    {
        get
        {
            return currentCapacity;
        }
    }
    public List<ItemData> Items
    {
        get
        {
            return items;
        }
    }
    #endregion
    #region 提供一些操作背包装备的方法
    /// <summary>
    /// 使用ID访问背包中的装备
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="id"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public ItemData GetItem(int id)
    {
        return null;
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 添加装备
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="id"></param>
    public void AddItem(ItemData data)
    {
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 删除装备
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="data"></param>
    public void RemoveItem(ItemData data)
    {
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 删除指定ID的装备
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="id"></param>
    public void RemoveItem(int id)
    {
    }
    #endregion
    public void UpdateCurrentCapacity()
    {
        currentCapacity = ;
        //把每一件装备的负重累加在一起，就是当前的负重
        for (int i = ; i < items.Count; i++)
        {
            currentCapacity += items[i].Weight;
        }
    }
}

 

View：人物界面UI：属性，装备

GridBase，格子基类

PlayerGridUI，格子子类-玩家

BagGridUI，格子子类-背包

PlayerUI，玩家界面

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;
public class PlayerUI : MonoBehaviour {
    private GridBase[] grids;//所有的装备栏
    //所有显示属性的Text
    private Text atkText;
    private Text defText;
    private Text thumpText;
    private Text hpText;
    private Text mpText;
    private Text angerText;
    void Awake()
    {
        //在子物体里获取所有的GridBase这个组件，返回的是一个数组
        grids = gameObject.GetComponentsInChildren<GridBase>();
        atkText = transform.Find("MessageUI/Message/AtkText").GetComponent<Text>();
        defText = transform.Find("MessageUI/Message/DefText").GetComponent<Text>();
        thumpText = transform.Find("MessageUI/Message/ThumpText").GetComponent<Text>();
        hpText = transform.Find("MessageUI/Message/HPText").GetComponent<Text>();
        mpText = transform.Find("MessageUI/Message/MPText").GetComponent<Text>();
        angerText = transform.Find("MessageUI/Message/AngerText").GetComponent<Text>();
        //新建Json的小技巧
        //ItemData data = new ItemData();
        //Debug.Log(JsonUtility.ToJson(data, true));
    }
    private void Start()
    {
        UpdatePanel();
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 更新界面的方法
    /// </summary>
    void UpdatePanel()
    {
        //把人物身上装备的物品显示， 所有属性显示
        atkText.text = "攻击力：" + PlayerData.Instance.Atk + "<color=\"green\"> + "
            + PlayerData.Instance.AddAtk + "</color>";
        defText.text = "防御力：" + PlayerData.Instance.Def + "<color=\"green\"> + "
            + PlayerData.Instance.AddDef + "</color>";
        thumpText.text = "暴击率：" + PlayerData.Instance.Thump + "<color=\"green\"> + "
            + PlayerData.Instance.AddThump + "</color>";
        hpText.text = "生命值：" + PlayerData.Instance.Hp + "<color=\"green\"> + "
            + PlayerData.Instance.AddHp + "</color>";
        mpText.text = "魔法值：" + PlayerData.Instance.Mp + "<color=\"green\"> + "
            + PlayerData.Instance.AddMp + "</color>";
        angerText.text = "怒气值：" + PlayerData.Instance.Anger + "<color=\"green\"> + "
            + PlayerData.Instance.AddAnger + "</color>";
    }
}

BagUI，背包UI

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;
public class BagUI : MonoBehaviour {
    private GridBase[] grids;
    private Text weightText;
    private Text numText;
    private Button rightButton;
    private Button leftButton;
    private Button clearUpButton;
    private int currentNum;
    private int maxNum;//根据背包里物品数量与当前有多少个格子比较
    void Awake()
    {
        //获取所有的格子
        grids = gameObject.GetComponentsInChildren<GridBase>();
        weightText = transform.Find("Capacity/Text").GetComponent<Text>();
        numText = transform.Find("Page/PageNum/Text").GetComponent<Text>();
        rightButton = transform.Find("Page/RightButton").GetComponent<Button>();
        leftButton = transform.Find("Page/LeftButton").GetComponent<Button>();
        clearUpButton = transform.Find("ClearUpButton").GetComponent<Button>();
        //按钮注册事件
        rightButton.onClick.AddListener(RightClick);
        leftButton.onClick.AddListener(LeftClick);
        clearUpButton.onClick.AddListener(ClearUpClick);
    }
    private void Start()
    {
        //maxNum = (int)Mathf.Ceil(BagData.Instance.Items.Count / (float)grids.Length);
        currentNum = ;//界面一开始，当前页是1
        //UpdatePanel();
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 更新界面
    /// </summary>
    void UpdatePanel()
    {
        //更新当前页数的物品， 更新当前页数， 更新当前的负重
        //计算当前的最大页数
        maxNum = (int)Mathf.Ceil(BagData.Instance.Items.Count / (float)grids.Length);
        weightText.text = "负重：" + BagData.Instance.CurrentCapacity + "/" +
            BagData.Instance.MaxCapacity;
        numText.text = currentNum + "/" + maxNum;
        //显示当前的页数的物品
        //根据当前页数，确定第一个位置应该排背包数据的里的第几个索引（起始索引）
        //模拟 格子: 20   当第一页是起始索引为0， 当第二页时起始索引为20
        int startIndex = (currentNum - ) * grids.Length;//（当前页数 - 1） * 格子数量
        //把从起始索引开始，依次的把物品放在对应的格子上
        for (int i = ; i < grids.Length; i++)
        {
            //当i= 0时，证明是第一个格子，对应的物品索引 startIndex = startIndex + i
            //当i= 1时，证明是第二各格子，对应的物品索引 startIndex + 1 =  startIndex + i
            //....
            //当i = grids.Length - 1时， 最后一个格子， 对应的物品索引 startIndex + grids.Length - 1 =  startIndex + i
            //如果startIndex + i 超出了物品的数量， 证明这个格子没有物品
            //如果startIndex + i 没有超出物品的数量， 这个这个格子有物品
            if (startIndex + i >= BagData.Instance.Items.Count)
            {
                //超出了物品的数量，该格子没有物品
                grids[i].UpdateItem(-, "");
            }
            else
            {
                grids[i].UpdateItem(BagData.Instance.Items[startIndex + i].Id,
                    BagData.Instance.Items[startIndex + i].IconName);
            }
        }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 翻页的右按钮
    /// </summary>
    void RightClick()
    {
        Debug.Log("RightClick");
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 翻页的左按钮
    /// </summary>
    void LeftClick()
    {
        Debug.Log("LeftClick");
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 整理按钮
    /// </summary>
    void ClearUpClick()
    {
        Debug.Log("ClearUpClick");
    }
}

GridBase

using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;
using UnityEngine.EventSystems;
public class GridBase : MonoBehaviour,
    IPointerEnterHandler,
    IPointerExitHandler,
    IPointerClickHandler,
    IBeginDragHandler,
    IDragHandler,
    IEndDragHandler
{
    public int itemID = -;// 规定-1  那么这个格子空的
    public Transform tempParent;//拖动时临时的父物体
    private Image image;//显示装备的图片
    private Vector2 outPos;//转换之后的坐标
    private Vector2 offset;//鼠标偏移量
    private RectTransform parentRT;
    protected void Init()
    {
        image = transform.Find("Item").GetComponent<Image>();
        image.raycastTarget = false;
        parentRT = tempParent as RectTransform;
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 更新自己本身的物品
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="itemID"></param>
    /// <param name="iconName"></param>
    public void UpdateItem(int itemID, string iconName)
    {
        if (this.itemID == itemID)
        {
            return;
        }
        this.itemID = itemID;
        if (itemID < )//没有物品
        {
            image.enabled = false;
        }
        else
        {
            image.enabled = true;
            if (image.sprite.name != iconName)
            {
                Sprite sp = Resources.Load<Sprite>("Texture/Icon/" + iconName);
                image.sprite = sp;
            }
        }
    }
    #region 接口的虚方法
    //开始拖动的虚方法
    protected virtual void BeginDrag(PointerEventData eventData)
    {
        //Debug.Log("父类：BeginDrag");
        //image.transform.parent = tempParent;
        image.transform.SetParent(tempParent);
        if (RectTransformUtility.ScreenPointToLocalPointInRectangle(parentRT,
            eventData.position, eventData.enterEventCamera, out outPos))
        {
            offset = outPos - new Vector2(image.transform.localPosition.x, image.transform.localPosition.y);
        }
    }
    //拖动的虚方法
    protected virtual void Drag(PointerEventData eventData)
    {
        //Debug.Log("父类：Drag");
        if (RectTransformUtility.ScreenPointToLocalPointInRectangle(parentRT,
            eventData.position, eventData.enterEventCamera, out outPos))
        {
            image.transform.localPosition = outPos - offset;
        }
    }
    //拖动结束时的虚方法
    protected virtual void EndDrag(PointerEventData eventData)
    {
        //Debug.Log("父类：EndDrag");
        //image.transform.parent = transform;
        image.transform.SetParent(transform);
        image.transform.localPosition = Vector3.zero;
    }
    //点击的虚方法
    protected virtual void Click(PointerEventData eventData)
    {
        //Debug.Log("父类：Click");
    }
    //进入的虚方法
    protected virtual void Enter(PointerEventData eventData)
    {
        //Debug.Log("父类：Enter");
        //Debug.Log("显示信息");
    }
    //出去的虚方法
    protected virtual void Exit(PointerEventData eventData)
    {
        //Debug.Log("父类：Exit");
        //Debug.Log("隐藏信息");
    }
    #endregion
    #region 实现的接口
    public void OnBeginDrag(PointerEventData eventData)
    {
        BeginDrag(eventData);
    }
    public void OnDrag(PointerEventData eventData)
    {
        Drag(eventData);
    }
    public void OnEndDrag(PointerEventData eventData)
    {
        EndDrag(eventData);
    }
    public void OnPointerClick(PointerEventData eventData)
    {
        Click(eventData);
    }
    public void OnPointerEnter(PointerEventData eventData)
    {
        Enter(eventData);
    }
    public void OnPointerExit(PointerEventData eventData)
    {
        Exit(eventData);
    }
    #endregion
}

PlayerGridUI

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.UI;
using UnityEngine.EventSystems;
public class PlayerGridUI : GridBase
{
    public ItemType gridType;
    private Text text;
    // Use this for initialization
    void Awake()
    {
        base.Init();
        text = transform.Find("Text").GetComponent<Text>();
        gameObject.tag = "PlayerGrid";
    }
    protected override void Click(PointerEventData eventData)
    {
        if (eventData.button == PointerEventData.InputButton.Right)
        {
            Debug.Log("卸下： " + itemID);
        }
    }
    protected override void EndDrag(PointerEventData eventData)
    {
        base.EndDrag(eventData);
        if (eventData.pointerCurrentRaycast.gameObject != null &&
            eventData.pointerCurrentRaycast.gameObject.CompareTag("BagGrid"))
        {
            Debug.Log("卸下装备");
        }
    }
}

BagGridUI

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using UnityEngine.EventSystems;
public class BagGridUI : GridBase
{
    void Awake()
    {
        base.Init();
        gameObject.tag = "BagGrid";
    }
    protected override void Click(PointerEventData eventData)
    {
        if (eventData.button == PointerEventData.InputButton.Right)
        {
            Debug.Log("装备： " + itemID);
        }
    }
    protected override void EndDrag(PointerEventData eventData)
    {
        base.EndDrag(eventData);
        if (eventData.pointerCurrentRaycast.gameObject == null)//当拖出背包区域时
        {
            Debug.Log("卖出物品");
        }
        else if (eventData.pointerCurrentRaycast.gameObject.CompareTag("PlayerGrid"))
        {
            Debug.Log("装备物品");
        }
    }
}

Json：StreamingAssets -> Json -> PlayerData -> UTF-8

SaveManeger

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class SaveManager
{
    #region 单例
    private static SaveManager instance;
    public static SaveManager Instance
    {
        get
        {
            if (null == instance)
            {
                instance = new SaveManager();
            }
            return instance;
        }
    }
    private SaveManager() { }
    #endregion
    /// <summary>
    /// 初始化数据
    /// </summary>
    public void InitData()
    {
        //初始化人物的数据
        string playerJson = FileTools.ReadJson(Application.streamingAssetsPath + "/Json/PlayerData.txt");
        if (playerJson == "")
        {
            PlayerData.SetInstance(null);
        }
        else
        {
            PlayerData.SetInstance(JsonUtility.FromJson<PlayerData>(playerJson));
        }
        PlayerData.Instance.Init();
        ////初始化背包数据
        //string bagJson = FileTools.ReadJson(Application.streamingAssetsPath + "/Json/Bag.txt");
        //if (bagJson == "")
        //{
        //    BagData.SetInstance(null);
        //}
        //else
        //{
        //    BagData.SetInstance(JsonUtility.FromJson<BagData>(bagJson));
        //}
        //BagData.Instance.UpdateCurrentCapacity();//更新一次负重
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 保存数据
    /// </summary>
    public void SaveData()
    {
    }
}

GameManeger

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
public class GameManager : MonoBehaviour
{
    // Use this for initialization
    void Awake()
    {
        DontDestroyOnLoad(gameObject);
        SaveManager.Instance.InitData();
    }
    // Update is called once per frame
    void OnDestroy()
    {
        SaveManager.Instance.SaveData();
    }
}

FileTools

using System.Collections;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using UnityEngine;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
public static class FileTools
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 读取指定路径的json文件
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="path"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static string ReadJson(string path)
    {
        if (!File.Exists(path))
        {
            return "";
        }
        string json = "";
        StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(path, Encoding.UTF8);
        try
        {
            json = sr.ReadToEnd();
        }
        catch (System.Exception e)
        {
            Debug.Log(e.ToString());
        }
        sr.Close();
        return json;
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// 把json写入指定的文件a
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="path"></param>
    /// <param name="json"></param>
    public static void WriteJson(string path, string json)
    {
        if (!File.Exists(path))
        {
            FileStream fs = File.Create(path);
            fs.Close();
        }
        StreamWriter sw = new StreamWriter(path, false, Encoding.UTF8);
        try
        {
            sw.Write(json);
        }
        catch (System.Exception e)
        {
            Debug.Log(e.ToString());
        }
        sw.Close();
    }
}