生产环境Linux常用命令【随时更新】

1. 查询文件中的关键字并高亮显示【查询当前目录关键字为elasticsearch的日志文件】

find ./ -name "my-elasticsearch.log" | xargs grep --color=auto "elasticsearch"

2. 查看日志文件后100行

tail -100f log_file.log

3. 另外一种查询关键字log的方法

grep -rn "二狗子" /logs/web.log --color

4. 查询并打印；匹配行之前和之后各2行

grep -rn '' web.log --color -C 

5. 搜索压缩包里面的日志文件

zcat /logs/log.--.log.gz | grep '' --color

或者

zgrep --color '' /logs/log.--.log.gz

满足多个条件查询

# 同时满足多条件
zcat /logs/log.--.log.gz | grep 'A' | grep 'B' --color
zgrep 'A' /logs/log.--.log.gz | grep 'B' --color

满足任一条件

# 满足任一条件
zcat /logs/log.--.log.gz | grep -E 'A|B|C' --color
zgrep --color -E 'A|B|C' /logs/log.--.log.gz

6. 对接外部路由，用telnet查看地址通不通

# 目标地址是ip
$ telnet -b [本机地址] [目标地址] 

# 目标地址是url，不要带http://
$ telnet -b [本机地址] xxx.api.com
Trying xxx.xx.xx.xxx...
Connected to xxx.api.com.
Escape character is '^]'.

7. 统计特定字符出现次数

grep 'key' app.log | wc -l

8. grep和zgrep定义

================grep================
Usage: grep [OPTION]... PATTERN [FILE]...
Search for PATTERN in each FILE or standard input.
PATTERN is, by default, a basic regular expression (BRE).
Example: grep -i 'hello world' menu.h main.c

Regexp selection and interpretation:
  -E, --extended-regexp     PATTERN is an extended regular expression (ERE)
  -F, --fixed-strings       PATTERN is a set of newline-separated fixed strings
  -G, --basic-regexp        PATTERN is a basic regular expression (BRE)
  -P, --perl-regexp         PATTERN is a Perl regular expression
  -e, --regexp=PATTERN      use PATTERN for matching
  -f, --file=FILE           obtain PATTERN from FILE
  -i, --ignore-case         ignore case distinctions
  -w, --word-regexp         force PATTERN to match only whole words
  -x, --line-regexp         force PATTERN to match only whole lines
  -z, --null-data           a data line ends in  byte, not newline

Miscellaneous:
  -s, --no-messages         suppress error messages
  -v, --invert-match        select non-matching lines
  -V, --version             print version information and exit
      --help                display this help and exit
      --mmap                ignored for backwards compatibility

Output control:
  -m, --max-count=NUM       stop after NUM matches
  -b, --byte-offset         print the byte offset with output lines
  -n, --line-number         print line number with output lines
      --line-buffered       flush output on every line
  -H, --with-filename       print the filename for each match
  -h, --no-filename         suppress the prefixing filename on output
      --label=LABEL         print LABEL as filename for standard input
  -o, --only-matching       show only the part of a line matching PATTERN
  -q, --quiet, --silent     suppress all normal output
      --binary-files=TYPE   assume that binary files are TYPE;
                            TYPE is `binary', `text', or `without-match'
  -a, --text                equivalent to --binary-files=text
  -I                        equivalent to --binary-files=without-match
  -d, --directories=ACTION  how to handle directories;
                            ACTION is `read', `recurse', or `skip'
  -D, --devices=ACTION      how to handle devices, FIFOs and sockets;
                            ACTION is `read' or `skip'
  -R, -r, --recursive       equivalent to --directories=recurse
      --include=FILE_PATTERN  search only files that match FILE_PATTERN
      --exclude=FILE_PATTERN  skip files and directories matching FILE_PATTERN
      --exclude-from=FILE   skip files matching any file pattern from FILE
      --exclude-dir=PATTERN  directories that match PATTERN will be skipped.
  -L, --files-without-match  print only names of FILEs containing no match
  -l, --files-with-matches  print only names of FILEs containing matches
  -c, --count               print only a count of matching lines per FILE
  -T, --initial-tab         make tabs line up (if needed)
  -Z, --null                print  byte after FILE name

Context control:
  -B, --before-context=NUM  print NUM lines of leading context
  -A, --after-context=NUM   print NUM lines of trailing context
  -C, --context=NUM         print NUM lines of output context
  -NUM                      same as --context=NUM
      --color[=WHEN],
      --colour[=WHEN]       use markers to highlight the matching strings;
                            WHEN is `always', `never', or `auto'
  -U, --binary              do not strip CR characters at EOL (MSDOS)
  -u, --unix-byte-offsets   report offsets as if CRs were not there (MSDOS)

`egrep' means `grep -E'.  `fgrep' means `grep -F'.
Direct invocation as either `egrep' or `fgrep' is deprecated.
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.  If less than two FILEs
are given, assume -h.  Exit status is  if any line was selected,  otherwise;
if any error occurs and -q was not given, the exit status is .

================zgrep================
Usage: /usr/bin/zgrep [OPTION]... [-e] PATTERN [FILE]...
Look for instances of PATTERN in the input FILEs, using their
uncompressed contents if they are compressed.

OPTIONs are the same as for 'grep'.