在linux配置NFS用于RAC的搭建

rac的共享存储有很多种搭建方式，nfs是其中一种。生产环境一般不采用nfs，多用于测试。

nfs搭建步骤大致分为如下：

1.划盘

给节点1挂载一块磁盘，并将磁盘分区，并格式化，再挂载

[root@news01 softdb]# fdisk -l
 
Disk /dev/vda:  bytes
 heads,  sectors/track,  cylinders
Units = cylinders of  *  =  bytes
 
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vda1   *                                Linux
/dev/vda2                          +    Linux
/dev/vda3                              Linux swap / Solaris
 
Disk /dev/vdb:  bytes
 heads,  sectors/track,  cylinders
Units = cylinders of  *  =  bytes
 
   Device Boot      Start         End      Blocks   Id  System
/dev/vdb1                          +    Linux

我们把其中的/dev/vdb1  作为NFS磁，再将/dev/vdb1格式化

[root@news01 softdb]# mkfs.ext3 /dev/vdb1
mke2fs -May-)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size= (log=)
Fragment size= (log=)
 inodes,  blocks
 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=
Maximum filesystem blocks=
 block groups
 blocks per group,  fragments per group
 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
    , , , , , , , , , 
 
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal ( blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
 
This filesystem will be automatically checked every  mounts or
 days, whichever comes first.  Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.

2.配置服务端

格式化好之后，创建一个目录来挂载磁盘，并编辑exports文件，重启和nfs有关的服务

[root@news01 softdb]# mkdir -p /nfsdatafile
[root@news01 softdb]# vi /etc/exports
[root@news01 softdb]# mount /dev/vdb1 /nfsdatafile/
[root@news01 softdb]# service portmap restart
Stopping portmap:                                          [  OK  ]
Starting portmap:                                          [  OK  ]
[root@news01 softdb]# service nfs restart
Shutting down NFS mountd:                                  [FAILED]
Shutting down NFS daemon:                                  [FAILED]
Shutting down NFS quotas:                                  [FAILED]
Starting NFS services:                                     [  OK  ]
Starting NFS quotas:                                       [  OK  ]
Starting NFS daemon:                                       [  OK  ]
Starting NFS mountd:                                       [  OK  ]
[root@news01 softdb]# showmount -e
Export list for news01:
/nfsdatafile *
[root@news01 softdb]# 

3.客户端挂载

在需要挂载这个nfs的节点上面，编辑fstab文件，再进行mount。需要注意的一点是，oracle的rac对nfs的参数有做要求，具体可以参考：

Mount Options for Oracle files when used with NAS devices [ID 359515.1]

节点1：

[root@news01 softdb]# mkdir /nfs
[root@news01 softdb]# vi /etc/fstab
[root@news01 softdb]# cat /etc/fstab
LABEL=/                 /                       ext3    defaults
LABEL=/boot             /boot                   ext3    defaults
tmpfs                   /dev/shm                tmpfs   defaults
devpts                  /dev/pts                devpts  gid=,mode=
sysfs                   /sys                    sysfs   defaults
proc                    /proc                   proc    defaults
LABEL=SWAP-vda3         swap                    swap    defaults
,wsize=,tcp,vers=,timeo=,actimeo=
[root@news01 softdb]# mount -a
[root@news01 softdb]# mount
/dev/vda2 on / type ext3 (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=,mode=)
/dev/vda1 on /boot type ext3 (rw)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw)
none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)
sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw)
/dev/vdb1 on /nfsdatafile type ext3 (rw)
nfsd on /proc/fs/nfsd type nfsd (rw)
,wsize=,tcp,nfsvers=,timeo=,actimeo=,addr=192.168.0.188)
[root@news01 softdb]# 

节点2：

[root@news02 softdb]# mkdir /nfs
[root@news02 softdb]# vi /etc/fstab
[root@news02 softdb]# mount -a
[root@news02 softdb]# mount
/dev/vda2 on / type ext3 (rw)
proc on /proc type proc (rw)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,gid=,mode=)
/dev/vda1 on /boot type ext3 (rw)
tmpfs on /dev/shm type tmpfs (rw)
none on /proc/sys/fs/binfmt_misc type binfmt_misc (rw)
sunrpc on /var/lib/nfs/rpc_pipefs type rpc_pipefs (rw)
,wsize=,tcp,nfsvers=,timeo=,actimeo=,addr=192.168.0.188)
[root@news02 softdb]# 

4.测试

以上就把2个节点的nfs配置好了，测试的时候，可以在任意一个节点的nfs目录做rw操作，再在另外一个节点查看能否正常rw。

[root@news02 nfs]# vi abc.txt
[root@news02 nfs]# cat abc.txt 
 
[root@news02 nfs]# ll
total
-rw-r--r--  root root      Mar     abc.txt
drwx------  root root  Mar   : lost+found
[root@news02 nfs]# 

[root@news01 softdb]# cd /nfs
[root@news01 nfs]# ll
total
-rw-r--r--  root root      Mar   : abc.txt
drwx------  root root  Mar   : lost+found
[root@news01 nfs]# more abc.txt 
 
[root@news01 nfs]#