44. Wildcard Matching 有简写的字符串匹配
[抄题]:
Given an input string (s
) and a pattern (p
), implement wildcard pattern matching with support for '?'
and '*'
.
'?' Matches any single character.
'*' Matches any sequence of characters (including the empty sequence).
The matching should cover the entire input string (not partial).
Note:
s
could be empty and contains only lowercase lettersa-z
.p
could be empty and contains only lowercase lettersa-z
, and characters like?
or*
.
Example 1:
Input:
s = "aa"
p = "a"
Output: false
Explanation: "a" does not match the entire string "aa".
Example 2:
Input:
s = "aa"
p = "*"
Output: true
Explanation: '*' matches any sequence.
Example 3:
Input:
s = "cb"
p = "?a"
Output: false
Explanation: '?' matches 'c', but the second letter is 'a', which does not match 'b'.
Example 4:
Input:
s = "adceb"
p = "*a*b"
Output: true
Explanation: The first '*' matches the empty sequence, while the second '*' matches the substring "dce".
Example 5:
Input:
s = "acdcb"
p = "a*c?b"
Output: false
[暴力解法]:
时间分析:
空间分析:
[优化后]:
时间分析:
空间分析:
[奇葩输出条件]:
[奇葩corner case]:
初始化dp[0][j]的时候,除开一直是*的情况,都不能随意匹配
[思维问题]:
搞不清楚和第十题的区别:就是能不能遗传 dp[i][j] = dp[i][j - 2]就行了
[英文数据结构或算法,为什么不用别的数据结构或算法]:
[一句话思路]:
[输入量]:空: 正常情况:特大:特小:程序里处理到的特殊情况:异常情况(不合法不合理的输入):
[画图]:
[一刷]:
- dp[i][j - 1] 是重复一个字符的情况(其中包括了空字符),所以空字符不需要单独列出来
[二刷]:
[三刷]:
[四刷]:
[五刷]:
[五分钟肉眼debug的结果]:
[总结]:
- dp[i][j - 1] 是重复一个字符的情况(其中包括了空字符),所以空字符不需要单独列出来
[复杂度]:Time complexity: O(mn) Space complexity: O(mn)
[算法思想:递归/分治/贪心]:贪心
[关键模板化代码]:
for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++) {
dp[i][0] = false;
} for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++) {
if (p.charAt(j - 1) == '*') dp[0][j] = true;
else break;
}
[其他解法]:
[Follow Up]:
[LC给出的题目变变变]:
10有前序的
[代码风格] :
[是否头一次写此类driver funcion的代码] :
class Solution {
public boolean isMatch(String s, String p) {
//ini: dp[][]
int m = s.length();
int n = p.length();
boolean[][] dp = new boolean[m + 1][n + 1]; //cc: dp[0][0], dp[0][], dp[][0]
dp[0][0] = true; for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++) {
dp[i][0] = false;
} for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++) {
if (p.charAt(j - 1) == '*') dp[0][j] = true;
else break;
} //for loop: not * must equal or ., * 0 or more
for (int i = 1; i <= m; i++) {
for (int j = 1; j <= n; j++)
if (p.charAt(j - 1) != '*') {
//1s
dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j - 1] && (s.charAt(i - 1) == p.charAt(j - 1) || p.charAt(j - 1) == '?');
}else {
//multiple s, 0 s
dp[i][j] = dp[i - 1][j] || dp[i][j - 1];
}
} //return m n
return dp[m][n];
}
}
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