08点睛Spring MVC4.1-Spring MVC的配置(含自定义HttpMessageConverter)

8.1 配置

• Spring MVC的配置是通过继承WebMvcConfigurerAdapter类并重载其方法实现的;
• 前几个教程已做了得配置包括
  • 01点睛Spring MVC 4.1-搭建环境 配置viewResolver
  • 03点睛Spring MVC 4.1-REST 静态资源映射
  • 04点睛Spring MVC 4.1-拦截器 配置拦截器
  • 06点睛Spring MVC 4.1-文件上传 配置multipartResolver
  • 07点睛Spring MVC4.1-ContentNegotiatingViewResolver 配置ContentNegotiatingViewResolver

8.2 演示

8.2.1 配置路径匹配参数

• 在Spring MVC中路径参数如果带.的话,.后面的值将被忽略,本例演示配置configurePathMatch不忽略点后面的参数;

• 演示控制器

@RequestMapping("/configPath/{test}")
    public @ResponseBody String configPath(@PathVariable String test){
        return "request value:"+test;
    }

• 运行:访问http://localhost:8080/testSpringMVC/configPath/xx.yy

• 在继承WebMvcConfigurerAdapter的DemoMVCConfig类中重载configurePathMatch

    @Override
    public void configurePathMatch(PathMatchConfigurer configurer) {
         configurer.setUseSuffixPatternMatch(false);
    }

• 再次运行:访问访问http://localhost:8080/testSpringMVC/configPath/xx.yy

8.2.2 快捷定义ViewController

• 我们经常涉及到页面转向,但没任何处理业务的时候,快捷的页面转向定义会节省好多代码;
• 在views目录下建一个任意的test.jsp
• 常规的方案是这样写的

@RequestMapping("/mytest")
    public String test(){
        return "test";
    }

• 在继承WebMvcConfigurerAdapter的DemoMVCConfig类中重载addViewControllers

  @Override
    public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {
        registry.addViewController("/mytest").setViewName("/test");
        //添加更多
    }

• 以上效果等同,均会指向views下的test.jsp

8.2.3 配置HttpMessageConverter

• HttpMessageConverter是对http的request和response进行自动转换

• 配置HttpMessageConverter可重载下面两个方法任意一个

  • configureMessageConverters:重载会覆盖掉spring mvc默认注册的多个HttpMessageConverter
  • extendMessageConverters:仅添加一个自定义的HttpMessageConverter,不覆盖默认注册的HttpMessageConverter

• 通过对上面的讲述,我们一般是重载extendMessageConverters方法;

• 下面我们演示使用js向spring mvc发送自定义格式的字符串(属性用-隔开),通过自定义的HttpMessageConverter自动转换成对象,然后通过HttpMessageConverter输出指定格式到浏览器

• 测试javabean

  • Person

package com.wisely.domain;
 
public class Person {
 
    private String firstName;
    private String lastName;
        public Person(String firstName, String lastName) {
        super();
        this.firstName = firstName;
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }
    public String getFirstName() {
        return firstName;
    }
    public void setFirstName(String firstName) {
        this.firstName = firstName;
    }
    public String getLastName() {
        return lastName;
    }
    public void setLastName(String lastName) {
        this.lastName = lastName;
    }
 
}

• 自定义HttpMessageConverter：WiselyMessageConverter

package com.wisely.converters;
 
import java.io.IOException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
 
import org.springframework.http.HttpInputMessage;
import org.springframework.http.HttpOutputMessage;
import org.springframework.http.MediaType;
import org.springframework.http.converter.AbstractHttpMessageConverter;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageNotReadableException;
import org.springframework.http.converter.HttpMessageNotWritableException;
import org.springframework.util.StreamUtils;
 
import com.wisely.domain.Person;
 
public class WiselyMessageConverter extends AbstractHttpMessageConverter<Person> {
 
     //自定义媒体类型
    public WiselyMessageConverter(){
        super(new MediaType("application", "x-wisely", Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
    }
    //从request里获得构造Person实例的数据
    @Override
    protected Person readInternal(Class<? extends Person> clazz,
     HttpInputMessage inputMessage) throws IOException, HttpMessageNotReadableException {
        String temp = StreamUtils.copyToString(inputMessage.getBody(), 
 
Charset.forName("UTF-8"));
        String[] tempArr = temp.split("-");
        return new Person(tempArr[0],tempArr[1]);
    }
 
    //只支持Person类
    @Override
    protected boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {
        return Person.class.isAssignableFrom(clazz);
    }
 
    //将person实例转换成你想要的字符串格式
    @Override
    protected void writeInternal(Person person, HttpOutputMessage outputMessage)
                                 throws IOException, HttpMessageNotWritableException {
        String out = "hello:" +person.getFirstName() + "-" + person.getLastName();
        outputMessage.getBody().write(out.getBytes());
    }
 
}

• 配置WiselyMessageConverter

  @Override
    public void extendMessageConverters(List<HttpMessageConverter<?>> converters) {
        WiselyMessageConverter converter = new WiselyMessageConverter();
        converters.add(converter);
    }

注释掉上例的configureContentNegotiation,这里会自动将媒体类型变为text/html

// 配置ContentNegotiationManager,在无后缀名情况下默认为jsp view resolver
//  @Override
//  public void configureContentNegotiation(
//          ContentNegotiationConfigurer configurer) {
//      //忽略请求的header信息,并将contentType置为text/html
//      configurer.ignoreAcceptHeader(true).defaultContentType(
//              MediaType.TEXT_HTML);
//  }

• 测试控制器

@RequestMapping(value = "/convert", produces = { "application/x-wisely" })
    public @ResponseBody Person convert(@RequestBody Person person) {
        return person;
    }

• 测试页面：test.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
    <div id="resp"></div><input type="button" onclick="req();" value="请求"/>
<script src="js/jquery.js" type="text/javascript"></script>
<script>
    function req(){
        $.ajax({
            url: "convert",
            data: "wang-yunfei",//注意此处的格式
            type:"POST",
            contentType:"application/x-wisely",
            success: function(data){
                $("#resp").html(data);
            }
        });
    }
 
</script>
</body>
</html>

• 运行效果