Servlet+JSP+JDBC设计实现图书系统——管理功能实现

写在前面，之前由于种种原因博客好久没有更新。最近打算重拾JavaWeb，所以从头开始，先用servlet+jdbc+bootstrap最基础的代码实现一个图书系统。考虑有管理员端+用户端，项目完成后会上传至github，后期会升级ssh/ssm等，毕竟是温故学习，一点一点来，项目会一直更新补充！

　　github地址——https://github.com/vi3nty/BookSystem

　　2018.04.16更新，管理端进一步完善，页面优化调整

　　2018.03.29更新，管理端实现了过滤功能（管理端大部分功能已经完善，只剩下JS/JQ的还没有，等用户端写完了再说）

　　2018.03.26更新，管理端添加图书编辑页面(book.jsp)，并采用了jquery的ajax技术

　　2018.03.22更新，管理端采用EL&JSTL进行了页面重构，并且添加分页功能

1.项目结构

│ .classpath
│ .gitignore
│ .project
│ LICENSE
│ README.md
│
├─.settings
│ .jsdtscope
│ org.eclipse.core.resources.prefs
│ org.eclipse.jdt.core.prefs
│ org.eclipse.wst.common.component
│ org.eclipse.wst.common.project.facet.core.xml
│ org.eclipse.wst.css.core.prefs
│ org.eclipse.wst.html.core.prefs
│ org.eclipse.wst.jsdt.ui.superType.container
│ org.eclipse.wst.jsdt.ui.superType.name
│
├─build
│ └─classes
│ ├─biz
│ │ │ AdminBiz.class
│ │ │ bookBiz.class
│ │ │
│ │ └─impl
│ │ AdminBizImpl.class
│ │ bookBizImpl.class
│ │
│ ├─dao
│ │ │ AdminDao.class
│ │ │ bookDao.class
│ │ │
│ │ └─impl
│ │ AdminDaoImpl.class
│ │ bookDaoImpl.class
│ │
│ ├─pojo
│ │ admin.class
│ │ book.class
│ │ PageBean.class
│ │
│ ├─servlet
│ │ AdminServlet.class
│ │ BookServlet.class
│ │ LogFilter.class
│ │ LoginServlet.class
│ │
│ └─utils
│ myDB.class
│
├─src
│ ├─biz
│ │ │ AdminBiz.java
│ │ │ bookBiz.java
│ │ │
│ │ └─impl
│ │ AdminBizImpl.java
│ │ bookBizImpl.java
│ │
│ ├─dao
│ │ │ AdminDao.java
│ │ │ bookDao.java
│ │ │
│ │ └─impl
│ │ AdminDaoImpl.java
│ │ bookDaoImpl.java
│ │
│ ├─pojo
│ │ admin.java
│ │ book.java
│ │ PageBean.java
│ │
│ ├─servlet
│ │ AdminServlet.java
│ │ BookServlet.java
│ │ LogFilter.java
│ │ LoginServlet.java
│ │
│ └─utils
│ myDB.java
│
└─WebContent
├─css
│ bootstrap-theme.css
│ bootstrap-theme.css.map
│ bootstrap-theme.min.css
│ bootstrap-theme.min.css.map
│ bootstrap.css
│ bootstrap.css.map
│ bootstrap.min.css
│ bootstrap.min.css.map
│
├─fonts
│ glyphicons-halflings-regular.eot
│ glyphicons-halflings-regular.svg
│ glyphicons-halflings-regular.ttf
│ glyphicons-halflings-regular.woff
│ glyphicons-halflings-regular.woff2
│
├─img
│ │ duzhe.jfif
│ │ qingnian.jfif
│ │ s28350186.jpg
│ │ s29643861.jpg
│ │ s29672551.jpg
│ │ s29686001.jpg
│ │
│ └─readme
│ admin.PNG
│
├─js
│ bootstrap.js
│ bootstrap.min.js
│ jquery-3.3.1.js
│ npm.js
│
├─META-INF
│ MANIFEST.MF
│
├─web
│ admin.jsp
│ AdminLogin.jsp
│ book.jsp
│
└─WEB-INF
│ web.xml
│
└─lib
mysql-connector-java-5.1.46-bin.jar
taglibs-standard-impl-1.2.5.jar
taglibs-standard-spec-1.2.5.jar

　　项目采取最基础的MVC分层架构，全部采用servlet+jdbc方式实现。jsp作为v层,servlet作为controller层与业务层代码关联，整个代码做到最大限度的低耦合。前端主要是jQuery和Bootstrap，毕竟我前端了解的少，仅仅会用几个API，所以整个项目前端不做过多赘述。

2.项目分层概述

　　①dao层主要是处理与数据库交互的逻辑

　　AdminDao.java

 public interface AdminDao {
     public boolean adminLogin(String admin,String password);
 }

　　AdminDaoImpl.java

 public class AdminDaoImpl implements AdminDao{
     public boolean adminLogin(String admin, String password) {
         Connection conn=null;
         PreparedStatement st=null;
         ResultSet rs=null;
         Boolean result=false;
         try {
             //获取连接
             conn=myDB.getConnection();
             //编写SQL语句
             String adminLoginSql="select * from aduser where adname='"+admin+"' and password='"+password+"'";
             //创建语句执行者
             st=conn.prepareStatement(adminLoginSql);
             //获取结果
             rs=st.executeQuery();
             if(rs.next())
                 result=true;
             else
                 result=false;
         } catch (Exception e) {
             e.printStackTrace();
         }
         finally {
             myDB.closeResource(conn, st, rs);
         }
         return result;
     }
 }

　　②biz层主要是业务逻辑的实现

　　AdminBiz类似Dao层，所以就不贴代码了

　　AdminBizImpl.java

 public class AdminBizImpl implements AdminBiz{
     private AdminDao adminDao;
     public boolean adminLogin(String admin, String password) {
         //实例化接口
         adminDao=new AdminDaoImpl();
         pojo.admin admin2=new pojo.admin();
         admin2.setAdmin(admin);
         admin2.setPassword(password);
         Boolean result=adminDao.adminLogin(admin2.getAdmin(), admin2.getPassword());
         return result;
     }
 }

　　③utils是工具类，主要有数据库连接的类，这样每次操作数据库不用重写代码

　　

　　④pojo层是数据库表的映射实体类

　　PageBean.java类主要用于图书分页实现

　　

 public class PageBean<T> {
     private int currentPage=1;//当前页，默认显示第一页
     private int pageCount=5;//每页显示的行数
     private int totalCount;//总记录数
     private int totalPage;//总页数=总记录数/每页显示的行数+1
     private List<T> pageData;

     //获取总页数
     public int getTotalPage() {
         if(totalCount%pageCount==0)
             totalPage=totalCount/pageCount;//被整除情况
         else {
             totalPage=totalCount/pageCount+1;
         }
         return totalPage;
     }
     public void setTotalPage(int totalPage) {
         this.totalPage=totalPage;
     }
     public int getCurrentPage() {
         return currentPage;
     }
     public void setCurrentPage(int currentPage) {
         this.currentPage = currentPage;
     }
     public int getPageCount() {
         return pageCount;
     }
     public void setPageCount(int pageCount) {
         this.pageCount = pageCount;
     }
     public int getTotalCount() {
         return totalCount;
     }
     public void setTotalCount(int totalCount) {
         this.totalCount = totalCount;
     }
     public List<T> getPageData() {
         return pageData;
     }
     public void setPageData(List<T> pageData) {
         this.pageData = pageData;
     }
 }

　　⑤servlet控制层

　　AdminServlet.java类（用于图书管理端分页等功能的实现）

　　

 public class AdminServlet extends HttpServlet{
     @Override
     protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse rep) throws ServletException, IOException {
         int currentPage;//获得当前页
         String current=(String) req.getParameter("page");
         if(current==null)
             currentPage=1;
         else
             currentPage=Integer.parseInt(current);
         //实例化业务层
         bookBiz bookbiz=new bookBizImpl();
         PageBean pb=new PageBean();
         pb.setTotalCount(bookbiz.getTotalCount());
         if(currentPage>0)
             pb.setCurrentPage(currentPage);
         //分页查询
         ArrayList<book> books=bookbiz.searchAllBook(pb);
         //获得总页数
         int pageCount=pb.getTotalPage();
         //将book集合和页面数跳转至admin.jsp页面
         req.setAttribute("bookslist", books);
         req.setAttribute("pagesize", pageCount);
         req.getRequestDispatcher("web/admin.jsp").forward(req, rep);
     }
 }

　　BookServlet.java类（用于图书编辑修改等的实现）

　　

 public class BookServlet extends HttpServlet{
     @Override
     protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse rep) throws ServletException, IOException {
         int bookid=Integer.parseInt(req.getParameter("bookid"));
         bookBiz bookbiz=new bookBizImpl();
         book bk=bookbiz.getBookById(bookid);
         if(req.getParameter("method")!=null&&req.getParameter("method").equals("update")) {
             int borrow=Integer.parseInt(req.getParameter("borrow"));
             String intro=req.getParameter("intro");
             if(bookbiz.editBook(bookid, intro, borrow)) {
                 //req.setAttribute("bk", bk);
                 //req.getRequestDispatcher("bookServlet?bookid="+bookid).forward(req, rep);
                 PrintWriter out=rep.getWriter();
                 out.println("success");
             }
         }
         else {
             //将获取到的book数据发送并跳转至book.jsp页面
             req.setAttribute("bk", bk);
             req.getRequestDispatcher("web/book.jsp?bookid="+bookid).forward(req, rep);
         }
     }
 }

　　LogFilter.java类（用于登录过滤实现）

　

 public class LogFilter implements Filter{
     private FilterConfig config;
     @Override
     public void destroy() {
         // TODO Auto-generated method stub

     }
     /*
      * Filter的核心处理
      * */
     @Override
     public void doFilter(ServletRequest req, ServletResponse rep, FilterChain filc)
             throws IOException, ServletException {
         HttpServletRequest request=(HttpServletRequest) req;
         HttpServletResponse response=(HttpServletResponse) rep;
         HttpSession session=request.getSession();
         //如果session中有logined，则证明过滤成功
         if(session.getAttribute("logined")!=null) {
             filc.doFilter(req, rep);
         }
         else
             response.sendRedirect("web/AdminLogin.jsp");
     }

     @Override
     public void init(FilterConfig config) throws ServletException {
         this.config=config;
     }

 }

3.数据库设计

　　aduser表

　　

4.前端JSP设计

　　①AdminLogin.jsp页面

　　

 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
     pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
 <!DOCTYPE html>
 <html>
 <head>
 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
 <title>管理员登录页面</title>
 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
 <link rel="stylesheet" href="../css/bootstrap.css">
 <script type="text/javascript" src="../js/bootstrap.js"></script>
 <script>

 </script>
 </head>
 <body>
 <div class="continer">
     <div style="margin:0 auto">
         <h2 class="text-center">图书管理系统</h2>
         <form class="form-horizontal" role="form" action="/BookSystem/adminlogin" method="post">

             <div class="form-group">
              <label for="username" class="col-sm-2 control-label">用户名：</label>
              <div class="col-sm-5">
                 <input type="text" class="form-control" name="adname" id="adname"
                     placeholder="请输入用户名">
               </div>
               </div>
               <div class="form-group">
              <label for="password" class="col-sm-2 control-label">密码：</label>
              <div class="col-sm-5">
                 <input type="password" class="form-control" name="password" id="password"
                     placeholder="请输入密码">
               </div>
               </div>
               <div class="form-group">
                   <div class="col-sm-offset-2 col-sm-10">
                       <input type="submit" class="btn btn-default" value="登录"/>
                   </div>
               </div>

         </form>
     </div>
 </div>
 </body>
 </html>

　　②admin.jsp页面（管理端）

　　

 <%@page import="pojo.PageBean"%>
 <%@page import="pojo.book"%>
 <%@page import="java.util.ArrayList"%>
 <%@page import="biz.impl.bookBizImpl"%>
 <%@page import="biz.bookBiz"%>
 <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
     pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
 <!DOCTYPE>
 <html>
 <head>
 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8">
 <title>管理页面</title>
 <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
 <link rel="stylesheet" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/css/bootstrap.css">
 <link rel="stylesheet" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/css/bootstrap-theme.css">
 <link rel="stylesheet" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/css/bootstrap.min.css">
 <script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
 <script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
 </head>
 <body>
 <div class="container">
     <div class="row">
         <div class="col-sm-12">
             <h3 class="text-center">
                 图书系统管理员端
             </h3>
             <div class="row">
                 <div class="col-sm-2">
                     <div class="btn-group-vertical">
                         <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">书籍管理</button> <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">添加书籍</button> <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">用户管理</button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
                 <div class="col-sm-8" id="booklist">
                 <table class="table table-striped">
                     <thead>
                         <tr>
                             <th>书籍封面</th>
                             <th>书籍名称</th>
                             <th>是否借出</th>
                             <th>书籍作者</th>
                             <th>分类目录</th>
                             <th>简介</th>
                             <th>操作</th>
                         </tr>
                     </thead>
                     <!-- 03.22采用EL&JSTL进行页面 重构 -->
                     <tbody>
                         <c:forEach items="${requestScope.bookslist}" var="book">
                             <tr>
                             <td style="width:12%">
                                 <div class="thumbnail" >
                                     <img src="http://${book['bk_img']}">
                                   </div>
                               </td>
                               <td>
                                   <p id="bookname">${book['bk_name']}</p>
                               </td>
                               <td>
                                   <p>

                                   <c:if test="${book['bk_borrowed']}==1">
                                       <c:out value="已借出"></c:out>
                                   </c:if>
                                   <c:if test="${book['bk_borrowed']}==0">
                                       <c:out value="未借出"></c:out>
                                   </c:if>
                                   </p>
                               </td>
                               <td>
                                   <p id="bookname">${book['bk_name']}</p>
                               </td>
                               <td>
                                   <p id="bookname">${bk['bk_category']}</p>
                               </td>
                               <td>
                                   <p id="bookname">${book['bk_intro']}</p>
                               </td>
                               <td>
                                   <div class="btn-group-vertical">
                                     <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">编辑</button> <button class="btn btn-primary" type="button">删除</button>
                                 </div>
                               </td>
                            </tr>
                         </c:forEach>
                     </tbody>
                     </table>
                 <ul class="pagination">
                   <li><a href="adminServlet?page=${param.page-1}" <c:if test="${param.page==1}">class="btn disabled"</c:if>>&laquo;</a></li>
                   <c:forEach var="i" begin="1" end="${pagesize}">
                       <li id="bookitem"><a href="adminServlet?page=<c:out value='${i}'/>" <c:if test="${i==param.page}">class="btn disabled"</c:if>><c:out value="${i}"/></a></li>
                   </c:forEach>
                   <li><a href="adminServlet?page=${param.page+1}" <c:if test="${param.page==pagesize}">class="btn disabled"</c:if>>&raquo;</a></li>
                 </ul>
                 </div>
                 <div class="col-sm-2">
                     <form class="form-search">
                         <input class="form-control" type="text" /> <button type="submit" class="btn">查找</button>
                     </form>
                 </div>
             </div>
         </div>
     </div>
 </div>
 </body>
 </html>

　　③book.jsp(图书编辑页面)

 <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf8"
     pageEncoding="utf8"%>
     <%@ taglib uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" prefix="c" %>
 <!DOCTYPE html>
 <html>
 <head>
 <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf8">
 <title>编辑图书</title>
 <link rel="stylesheet" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/css/bootstrap.css">
 <link rel="stylesheet" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/css/bootstrap-theme.css">
 <link rel="stylesheet" href="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/css/bootstrap.min.css">
 <script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/jquery-3.3.1.js"></script>
 <script type="text/javascript" src="${pageContext.request.contextPath}/js/bootstrap.js"></script>
 <script type="text/javascript">
     function edbook(){
         $.ajax({
                 url:"bookServlet?method=update&bookid=${bk['bk_id']}",
                 type:"post",
                 data:$("#edit").serialize(),
                 cache:false,
                 dataType: "text",
                 error:function(err){
                     alert("更新失败！");
                 },
                 success:function(msg){
                     alert("更新成功！");
                 }
         });
     }

 </script>
 </head>
 <body>
     <div class="container">
         <h3 class="text-center">
                 管理员端
             </h3>
         <div class="col-md-8 col-md-offset-2">
             <form  method="post" id="edit">
                 <table class="table table-bordered">
                     <tr>
                         <th>书籍名称</th>
                         <td>${bk['bk_name']}</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                         <th>是否借出</th>
                         <td>
                             <select class="selectpicker show-tick form-control" name="borrow" id="borrow" title="请选择一项" data-live-search="true" data-size="5">
                                 <option role="presentation" <c:if test="${bk['bk_borrowed']==1}">selected</c:if> value="1">已借出</option>
                                 <option role="presentation" <c:if test="${bk['bk_borrowed']==0}">selected</c:if> value="0">未借出</option>
                             </select>
                           </td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                         <th>书籍作者</th>
                         <td>${bk['bk_author']}</td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                         <th>书籍分类</th>
                         <td>
                             ${bk['bk_category']}
                         </td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr>
                         <th>书籍介绍</th>
                         <td><textarea class="form-control" rows="3" id="intro" name="intro">${bk['bk_intro']}</textarea></td>
                     </tr>
                     <tr><th></th><td><input type="submit" class="btn default" onclick="edbook()" value="提交" id="editbook" name=""/></td></tr>
                 </table>
             </form>
         </div>
     </div>
 </body>
 </html>

5.web.xml等配置文件