一个、概要

在实际的软件开发项目。我们经常会遇到需要创造更多的相同类型的数据库表或存储过程时，。例如。假设按照尾号点表的ID号，然后，你需要创建10用户信息表，的用户信息放在同一个表中。

对于类型同样的多个表，我们能够逐个建立，也能够採用循环的方法来建立。与之相相应的，能够用一个存储过程实现对全部表的操作。也能够循环建立存储过程，每一个存储过程实现对某个特定表的操作。

本文中，我们建立10个员工信息表。每一个表中包括员工工号(8位)和年龄字段，以工号的最后一位来分表。同一时候，我们建立存储过程实现对员工信息的插入。本文中的SQL语句基于ORACLE数据库实现。

二、一般的实现方式

在该实现方式中，我们逐个建立员工信息表，并在一个存储过程实现对全部表的操作。详细SQL语句例如以下：

建表语句：

  1. -- tb_employeeinfo0
  2. begin
  3.     execute immediate 'drop table tb_employeeinfo0 cascade constraints';
  4.     exception when others then commit;
  5. end;
  7. /
  8. create table tb_employeeinfo0
  9. (
  10.     employeeno      varchar2(10)  not null,         -- employee number
  11.     employeeage     int           not null          -- employee age
  12. );
  13. create unique index idx1_tb_employeeinfo0 on tb_employeeinfo0(employeeno);
  15. prompt 'create table tb_employeeinfo0 ok';
  16. commit;
  18. -- tb_employeeinfo1
  19. begin
  20.     execute immediate 'drop table tb_employeeinfo1 cascade constraints';
  21.     exception when others then commit;
  22. end;
  24. /
  25. create table tb_employeeinfo1
  26. (
  27.     employeeno      varchar2(10)  not null,         -- employee number
  28.     employeeage     int           not null          -- employee age
  29. );
  30. create unique index idx1_tb_employeeinfo1 on tb_employeeinfo1(employeeno);
  32. prompt 'create table tb_employeeinfo1 ok';
  33. commit;
  35. -- tb_employeeinfo2
  36. begin
  37.     execute immediate 'drop table tb_employeeinfo2 cascade constraints';
  38.     exception when others then commit;
  39. end;
  41. /
  42. create table tb_employeeinfo2
  43. (
  44.     employeeno      varchar2(10)  not null,         -- employee number
  45.     employeeage     int           not null          -- employee age
  46. );
  47. create unique index idx1_tb_employeeinfo2 on tb_employeeinfo2(employeeno);
  49. prompt 'create table tb_employeeinfo2 ok';
  50. commit;
  52. -- tb_employeeinfo3
  53. begin
  54.     execute immediate 'drop table tb_employeeinfo3 cascade constraints';
  55.     exception when others then commit;
  56. end;
  58. /
  59. create table tb_employeeinfo3
  60. (
  61.     employeeno      varchar2(10)  not null,         -- employee number
  62.     employeeage     int           not null          -- employee age
  63. );
  64. create unique index idx1_tb_employeeinfo3 on tb_employeeinfo3(employeeno);
  66. prompt 'create table tb_employeeinfo3 ok';
  67. commit;
  69. -- tb_employeeinfo4
  70. begin
  71.     execute immediate 'drop table tb_employeeinfo4 cascade constraints';
  72.     exception when others then commit;
  73. end;
  75. /
  76. create table tb_employeeinfo4
  77. (
  78.     employeeno      varchar2(10)  not null,         -- employee number
  79.     employeeage     int           not null          -- employee age
  80. );
  81. create unique index idx1_tb_employeeinfo4 on tb_employeeinfo4(employeeno);
  83. prompt 'create table tb_employeeinfo4 ok';
  84. commit;
  86. -- tb_employeeinfo5
  87. begin
  88.     execute immediate 'drop table tb_employeeinfo5 cascade constraints';
  89.     exception when others then commit;
  90. end;
  92. /
  93. create table tb_employeeinfo5
  94. (
  95.     employeeno      varchar2(10)  not null,         -- employee number
  96.     employeeage     int           not null          -- employee age
  97. );
  98. create unique index idx1_tb_employeeinfo5 on tb_employeeinfo5(employeeno);
  100. prompt 'create table tb_employeeinfo5 ok';
  101. commit;
  103. -- tb_employeeinfo6
  104. begin
  105.     execute immediate 'drop table tb_employeeinfo6 cascade constraints';
  106.     exception when others then commit;
  107. end;
  109. /
  110. create table tb_employeeinfo6
  111. (
  112.     employeeno      varchar2(10)  not null,         -- employee number
  113.     employeeage     int           not null          -- employee age
  114. );
  115. create unique index idx1_tb_employeeinfo6 on tb_employeeinfo6(employeeno);
  117. prompt 'create table tb_employeeinfo6 ok';
  118. commit;
  120. -- tb_employeeinfo7
  121. begin
  122.     execute immediate 'drop table tb_employeeinfo7 cascade constraints';
  123.     exception when others then commit;
  124. end;
  126. /
  127. create table tb_employeeinfo7
  128. (
  129.     employeeno      varchar2(10)  not null,         -- employee number
  130.     employeeage     int           not null          -- employee age
  131. );
  132. create unique index idx1_tb_employeeinfo7 on tb_employeeinfo7(employeeno);
  134. prompt 'create table tb_employeeinfo7 ok';
  135. commit;
  137. -- tb_employeeinfo8
  138. begin
  139.     execute immediate 'drop table tb_employeeinfo8 cascade constraints';
  140.     exception when others then commit;
  141. end;
  143. /
  144. create table tb_employeeinfo8
  145. (
  146.     employeeno      varchar2(10)  not null,         -- employee number
  147.     employeeage     int           not null          -- employee age
  148. );
  149. create unique index idx1_tb_employeeinfo8 on tb_employeeinfo8(employeeno);
  151. prompt 'create table tb_employeeinfo8 ok';
  152. commit;
  154. -- tb_employeeinfo9
  155. begin
  156.     execute immediate 'drop table tb_employeeinfo9 cascade constraints';
  157.     exception when others then commit;
  158. end;
  160. /
  161. create table tb_employeeinfo9
  162. (
  163.     employeeno      varchar2(10)  not null,         -- employee number
  164.     employeeage     int           not null          -- employee age
  165. );
  166. create unique index idx1_tb_employeeinfo9 on tb_employeeinfo9(employeeno);
  168. prompt 'create table tb_employeeinfo9 ok';
  169. commit;

存储过程创建语句：

  1. create or replace procedure pr_insertdata
  2. (
  3.     v_employeeno   in   varchar2,
  4.     v_employeeage  in   int
  5. )
  6. as
  7.     v_employeecnt     int;
  8.     v_tableindex      varchar2(2);
  10. begin
  11.     v_tableindex     := substr(v_employeeno, length(v_employeeno), 1);
  13.     if v_tableindex = '0' then
  14.     begin
  15.         select count(*) into v_employeecnt from tb_employeeinfo0 where employeeno = v_employeeno;
  16.         if v_employeecnt > 0 then       -- the employeeno is already in DB
  17.         begin
  18.             return;
  19.         end;
  20.         else                            -- the employeeno is not in DB
  21.         begin
  22.             insert into tb_employeeinfo0(employeeno, employeeage) values(v_employeeno, v_employeeage);
  23.         end;
  24.         end if;
  25.     end;
  26.     elsif v_tableindex = '1' then
  27.     begin
  28.         select count(*) into v_employeecnt from tb_employeeinfo1 where employeeno = v_employeeno;
  29.         if v_employeecnt > 0 then       -- the employeeno is already in DB
  30.         begin
  31.             return;
  32.         end;
  33.         else                            -- the employeeno is not in DB
  34.         begin
  35.             insert into tb_employeeinfo1(employeeno, employeeage) values(v_employeeno, v_employeeage);
  36.         end;
  37.         end if;
  38.     end;
  39.     elsif v_tableindex = '2' then
  40.     begin
  41.         select count(*) into v_employeecnt from tb_employeeinfo2 where employeeno = v_employeeno;
  42.         if v_employeecnt > 0 then       -- the employeeno is already in DB
  43.         begin
  44.             return;
  45.         end;
  46.         else                            -- the employeeno is not in DB
  47.         begin
  48.             insert into tb_employeeinfo2(employeeno, employeeage) values(v_employeeno, v_employeeage);
  49.         end;
  50.         end if;
  51.     end;
  52.     elsif v_tableindex = '3' then
  53.     begin
  54.         select count(*) into v_employeecnt from tb_employeeinfo3 where employeeno = v_employeeno;
  55.         if v_employeecnt > 0 then       -- the employeeno is already in DB
  56.         begin
  57.             return;
  58.         end;
  59.         else                            -- the employeeno is not in DB
  60.         begin
  61.             insert into tb_employeeinfo3(employeeno, employeeage) values(v_employeeno, v_employeeage);
  62.         end;
  63.         end if;
  64.     end;
  65.     elsif v_tableindex = '4' then
  66.     begin
  67.         select count(*) into v_employeecnt from tb_employeeinfo4 where employeeno = v_employeeno;
  68.         if v_employeecnt > 0 then       -- the employeeno is already in DB
  69.         begin
  70.             return;
  71.         end;
  72.         else                            -- the employeeno is not in DB
  73.         begin
  74.             insert into tb_employeeinfo4(employeeno, employeeage) values(v_employeeno, v_employeeage);
  75.         end;
  76.         end if;
  77.     end;
  78.     elsif v_tableindex = '5' then
  79.     begin
  80.         select count(*) into v_employeecnt from tb_employeeinfo5 where employeeno = v_employeeno;
  81.         if v_employeecnt > 0 then       -- the employeeno is already in DB
  82.         begin
  83.             return;
  84.         end;
  85.         else                            -- the employeeno is not in DB
  86.         begin
  87.             insert into tb_employeeinfo5(employeeno, employeeage) values(v_employeeno, v_employeeage);
  88.         end;
  89.         end if;
  90.     end;
  91.     elsif v_tableindex = '6' then
  92.     begin
  93.         select count(*) into v_employeecnt from tb_employeeinfo6 where employeeno = v_employeeno;
  94.         if v_employeecnt > 0 then       -- the employeeno is already in DB
  95.         begin
  96.             return;
  97.         end;
  98.         else                            -- the employeeno is not in DB
  99.         begin
  100.             insert into tb_employeeinfo6(employeeno, employeeage) values(v_employeeno, v_employeeage);
  101.         end;
  102.         end if;
  103.     end;
  104.     elsif v_tableindex = '7' then
  105.     begin
  106.         select count(*) into v_employeecnt from tb_employeeinfo7 where employeeno = v_employeeno;
  107.         if v_employeecnt > 0 then       -- the employeeno is already in DB
  108.         begin
  109.             return;
  110.         end;
  111.         else                            -- the employeeno is not in DB
  112.         begin
  113.             insert into tb_employeeinfo7(employeeno, employeeage) values(v_employeeno, v_employeeage);
  114.         end;
  115.         end if;
  116.     end;
  117.     elsif v_tableindex = '8' then
  118.     begin
  119.         select count(*) into v_employeecnt from tb_employeeinfo8 where employeeno = v_employeeno;
  120.         if v_employeecnt > 0 then       -- the employeeno is already in DB
  121.         begin
  122.             return;
  123.         end;
  124.         else                            -- the employeeno is not in DB
  125.         begin
  126.             insert into tb_employeeinfo8(employeeno, employeeage) values(v_employeeno, v_employeeage);
  127.         end;
  128.         end if;
  129.     end;
  130.     elsif v_tableindex = '9' then
  131.     begin
  132.         select count(*) into v_employeecnt from tb_employeeinfo9 where employeeno = v_employeeno;
  133.         if v_employeecnt > 0 then       -- the employeeno is already in DB
  134.         begin
  135.             return;
  136.         end;
  137.         else                            -- the employeeno is not in DB
  138.         begin
  139.             insert into tb_employeeinfo9(employeeno, employeeage) values(v_employeeno, v_employeeage);
  140.         end;
  141.         end if;
  142.     end;
  143.     end if;
  144.     commit;
  146. exception when others then
  147.     begin
  148.         rollback;
  149.         return;
  150.     end;
  151. end;
  152. /
  153. prompt 'create procedure pr_insertdata ok'

三、循环创建的实现方式

在该实现方式中，我们採用循环的方法建立员工信息表及存储过程。详细SQL语句例如以下：

建表语句：

  1. -- tb_employeeinfo0~9
  2. begin
  3.      declare i int;tmpcount int;tbname varchar2(50);strsql varchar2(1000);
  4.      begin
  5.          i:=0;
  6.          while i<10 loop
  7.          begin
  8.              tbname := 'tb_employeeinfo'||to_char(i);
  9.              i := i+1;
  11.              select count(1) into tmpcount from user_tables where table_name = Upper(tbname);
  12.              if tmpcount>0 then
  13.              begin
  14.                  execute immediate 'drop table '||tbname;
  15.              commit;
  16.              end;
  17.              end if;
  18.              strsql := 'create table '||tbname||
  19.              '(
  20.                   employeeno      varchar2(10)  not null,         -- employee number
  21.                   employeeage     int           not null          -- employee age
  22.               )';
  23.              execute immediate strsql;
  24.              strsql := 'begin
  25.                   execute immediate ''drop index idx1_'||tbname || ' '''
  26.                   || ';exception when others then null;
  27.                   end;';
  28.              execute immediate strsql;
  30.              execute immediate 'create unique index idx1_'||tbname||' on '||tbname||'(employeeno)';
  32.          end;
  33.          end loop;
  34.      end;
  35. end;
  36. /

存储过程创建语句：

  1. begin
  2.     declare v_i int;v_procname varchar(50);v_employeeinfotbl varchar(50);strsql varchar(4000);
  3. begin
  4.     v_i := 0;
  5.     while v_i < 10 loop
  6.         v_procname        := 'pr_insertdata'||substr(to_char(v_i),1,1);
  7.         v_employeeinfotbl := 'tb_employeeinfo'||substr(to_char(v_i),1,1);
  9.         v_i := v_i + 1;
  10.         strsql := 'create or replace procedure '||v_procname||'(
  11.             v_employeeno   in   varchar2,
  12.             v_employeeage  in   int
  13.         )
  14.         as
  15.             v_employeecnt     int;
  17.         begin
  18.             select count(*) into v_employeecnt from '||v_employeeinfotbl||' where employeeno = v_employeeno;
  19.             if v_employeecnt > 0 then       -- the employeeno is already in DB
  20.             begin
  21.                 return;
  22.             end;
  23.             else                            -- the employeeno is not in DB
  24.             begin
  25.                 insert into '||v_employeeinfotbl||'(employeeno, employeeage) values(v_employeeno, v_employeeage);
  26.             end;
  27.             end if;
  28.             commit;
  29.         exception when others then
  30.             begin
  31.                 rollback;
  32.                 return;
  33.             end;
  34.         end;';
  35.         execute immediate strsql;
  36.     end loop;
  37.     end;
  38. end;
  39. /

四、总结

当同样类型的表的个数较多时(如有上百个)。显然用循环创建的实现方式能够节约大量的工作时间，提高工作效率。可是，在使用该方法的时候，要特别细致，尤其要注意单引號的使用，避免为了省事而引入代码逻辑问题。

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版权声明：本文博主原创文章。博客，未经同意不得转载。

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