深度学习：21天实战caffe学习资源-4-环境安装

使用anaconda3环境下的python2.7, 机器macos mojave 10.14

1.安装Xcode

首先现在app store中安装Xcode：

不然会有” framework not found vecLib “的问题出现

2.相应包安装

1.首先要安装homebrew包管理工具，在终端运行下面命令：

/usr/bin/ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"

2.然后利用该管理工具安装caffe依赖包

brew install -vd snappy leveldb gflags glog szip lmdb
brew install hdf5 opencv
brew install openblas

3.安装boost

brew install boost@1.59 boost-python@1.59
brew link boost@1.59 --force
brew link boost-python@1.59 --force

4. 安装2.6.1版本的protobuf

一开始的是安装3.5.1版本的protobuf，但是后面出现问题，所以还是安装2.6.1版本

下面只是记录一下：

cd ~/Downloads
wget https://github.com/protocolbuffers/protobuf/archive/v3.5.1.zip
unzip v3.5..zip
cd protobuf-3.5.
./autogen.sh
./configure
make
make install

运行./autogen.sh过程出错：

+ autoreconf -f -i -Wall,no-obsolete
./autogen.sh: line : autoreconf: command not found

解决方案是安装protobuf的依赖项：

(deeplearning2) userdeMacBook-Pro:protobuf-3.5. user$ brew install autoconf automake libtool

再重新运行./autogen.sh及之后命令

成功后查看版本：

(deeplearning2) userdeMacBook-Pro:protobuf-3.5. user$ protoc --version
libprotoc 3.5.

这里在下面caffe文件夹中make all之前忘记make clean了，可能是这个原因没成功也不一定，但是2.6.0版本的的确成功了，直接用该版本即可

后面发现还是不行，就去下了2.6.1版本的：

/Library/Developer/CommandLineTools/usr/bin/make  check-TESTS
PASS: protobuf-test
PASS: protobuf-lazy-descriptor-test
PASS: protobuf-lite-test
PASS: google/protobuf/compiler/zip_output_unittest.sh
PASS: google/protobuf/io/gzip_stream_unittest.sh
============================================================================
Testsuite summary for Protocol Buffers 2.6.
============================================================================
# TOTAL:
# PASS:
# SKIP:
# XFAIL:
# FAIL:
# XPASS:
# ERROR:
============================================================================

版本查看：

(deeplearning2) userdeMacBook-Pro:~ user$  protoc --version
libprotoc 2.6.

3.下载caffe源码

(deeplearning2) userdeMacBook-Pro:~ user$ git clone https://github.com/bvlc/caffe.git
Cloning into 'caffe'...
remote: Enumerating objects: , done.

下载好后：

(deeplearning2) userdeMacBook-Pro:~ user$ cd caffe
(deeplearning2) userdeMacBook-Pro:caffe user$ cp Makefile.config.example Makefile.config

4.更改Makefile.config文件

打开CPU_ONLY选项，保存

# CPU-only switch (uncomment to build without GPU support).
CPU_ONLY := 

即去掉前面的#号，表示caffe编译时仅支持CPU，不支持GPU

取消CPU_ONLY前面的注释

取消USE_OPENCV前面的注释

取消USE_HDF5前面的注释，并且改成1

更改CUSTOM_CXX

注释掉CUDA_DIR那一行

将BLAS改成open

设置blas的路径，取消下面两行的注释

# uncomment to disable IO dependencies and corresponding data layers
USE_OPENCV := 

# This code is taken from https://github.com/sh1r0/caffe-android-lib
USE_HDF5 := 

# Uncomment if you're using OpenCV 3
OPENCV_VERSION := 

# CUDA directory contains bin/ and lib/ directories that we need.
#CUDA_DIR := /usr/local/cuda

BLAS := open # Homebrew puts openblas in a directory that is not on the standard search path BLAS_INCLUDE := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/include BLAS_LIB := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/lib

# Homebrew puts openblas in a directory that is not on the standard search path
BLAS_INCLUDE := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/include
BLAS_LIB := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/lib

下面就是设置路径，使用的是anaconda3，这个根据你自己的路径设置

注释掉：

# NOTE: this is required only if you will compile the python interface.
# We need to be able to find Python.h and numpy/arrayobject.h.
# PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python2. \
#        /usr/lib/python2./dist-packages/numpy/core/include

更改为：

# Anaconda Python distribution is quite popular. Include path:
# Verify anaconda location, sometimes it's in root.
ANACONDA_HOME := /anaconda3
PYTHON_INCLUDE := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/envs/deeplearning2/include \
        $(ANACONDA_HOME)/envs/deeplearning2/include/python2. \
        $(ANACONDA_HOME)/envs/deeplearning2/lib/python2./site-packages/numpy/core/include

下面这个也更改为：

# We need to be able to find libpythonX.X.so or .dylib.
# PYTHON_LIB := /usr/lib
PYTHON_LIB := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/envs/deeplearning2/lib

然后添加一些include和lib路径：

# Whatever else you find you need goes here.
INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) /usr/local/include /usr/local/opt/boost@1.59/include /usr/local/opt/hdf5/include
LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) /usr/local/lib /usr/lib /usr/local/opt/boost-python@1.59/lib /usr/local/opt/hdf5/lib

最终版本为：

## Refer to http://caffe.berkeleyvision.org/installation.html
# Contributions simplifying and improving our build system are welcome!

# cuDNN acceleration switch (uncomment to build with cuDNN).
# USE_CUDNN := 

# CPU-only switch (uncomment to build without GPU support).
CPU_ONLY := 

# uncomment to disable IO dependencies and corresponding data layers
USE_OPENCV :=
# USE_LEVELDB :=
# USE_LMDB :=
# This code is taken from https://github.com/sh1r0/caffe-android-lib
USE_HDF5 := 

# uncomment to allow MDB_NOLOCK when reading LMDB files (only if necessary)
#    You should not set this flag if you will be reading LMDBs with any
#    possibility of simultaneous read and write
# ALLOW_LMDB_NOLOCK := 

# Uncomment if you're using OpenCV 3
# OPENCV_VERSION := 

# To customize your choice of compiler, uncomment and set the following.
# N.B. the default for Linux is g++ and the default for OSX is clang++
# CUSTOM_CXX := g++
CUSTOM_CXX := clang++ -std=c++

# CUDA directory contains bin/ and lib/ directories that we need.
CUDA_DIR := /usr/local/cuda
# On Ubuntu 14.04, if cuda tools are installed via
# "sudo apt-get install nvidia-cuda-toolkit" then use this instead:
# CUDA_DIR := /usr

# CUDA architecture setting: going with all of them.
# For CUDA < 6.0, comment the *_50 through *_61 lines for compatibility.
# For CUDA < 8.0, comment the *_60 and *_61 lines for compatibility.
# For CUDA >= 9.0, comment the *_20 and *_21 lines for compatibility.
CUDA_ARCH := -gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_20 \
        -gencode arch=compute_20,code=sm_21 \
        -gencode arch=compute_30,code=sm_30 \
        -gencode arch=compute_35,code=sm_35 \
        -gencode arch=compute_50,code=sm_50 \
        -gencode arch=compute_52,code=sm_52 \
        -gencode arch=compute_60,code=sm_60 \
        -gencode arch=compute_61,code=sm_61 \
        -gencode arch=compute_61,code=compute_61

# BLAS choice:
# atlas for ATLAS (default)
# mkl for MKL
# open for OpenBlas
BLAS := open
# Custom (MKL/ATLAS/OpenBLAS) include and lib directories.
# Leave commented to accept the defaults for your choice of BLAS
# (which should work)!
# BLAS_INCLUDE := /path/to/your/blas
# BLAS_LIB := /path/to/your/blas

# Homebrew puts openblas in a directory that is not on the standard search path
BLAS_INCLUDE := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/include
BLAS_LIB := $(shell brew --prefix openblas)/lib

# This is required only if you will compile the matlab interface.
# MATLAB directory should contain the mex binary in /bin.
# MATLAB_DIR := /usr/local
# MATLAB_DIR := /Applications/MATLAB_R2012b.app

# NOTE: this is required only if you will compile the python interface.
# We need to be able to find Python.h and numpy/arrayobject.h.
# PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python2. \
#         /usr/lib/python2./dist-packages/numpy/core/include
# Anaconda Python distribution is quite popular. Include path:
# Verify anaconda location, sometimes it's in root.
ANACONDA_HOME := /anaconda3
PYTHON_INCLUDE := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/envs/deeplearning2/include \
        $(ANACONDA_HOME)/envs/deeplearning2/include/python2. \
        $(ANACONDA_HOME)/envs/deeplearning2/lib/python2./site-packages/numpy/core/include

# Uncomment to use Python  (default is Python )
# PYTHON_LIBRARIES := boost_python3 python3.5m
# PYTHON_INCLUDE := /usr/include/python3.5m \
#                 /usr/lib/python3./dist-packages/numpy/core/include

# We need to be able to find libpythonX.X.so or .dylib.
# PYTHON_LIB := /usr/lib
PYTHON_LIB := $(ANACONDA_HOME)/envs/deeplearning2/lib

# Homebrew installs numpy in a non standard path (keg only)
# PYTHON_INCLUDE += $(dir $(shell python -c 'import numpy.core; print(numpy.core.__file__)'))/include
# PYTHON_LIB += $(shell brew --prefix numpy)/lib

# Uncomment to support layers written in Python (will link against Python libs)
WITH_PYTHON_LAYER := 

# Whatever else you find you need goes here.
INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) /usr/local/include /usr/local/opt/boost@1.59/include /usr/local/opt/hdf5/include
LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) /usr/local/lib /usr/lib /usr/local/opt/boost-python@1.59/lib /usr/local/opt/hdf5/lib

# If Homebrew is installed at a non standard location (for example your home directory) and you use it for general dependencies
# INCLUDE_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/include
# LIBRARY_DIRS += $(shell brew --prefix)/lib

# NCCL acceleration switch (uncomment to build with NCCL)
# https://github.com/NVIDIA/nccl (last tested version: v1.2.3-1+cuda8.0)
# USE_NCCL := 

# Uncomment to use `pkg-config` to specify OpenCV library paths.
# (Usually not necessary -- OpenCV libraries are normally installed in one of the above $LIBRARY_DIRS.)
# USE_PKG_CONFIG := 

# N.B. both build and distribute dirs are cleared on `make clean`
BUILD_DIR := build
DISTRIBUTE_DIR := distribute

# Uncomment for debugging. Does not work on OSX due to https://github.com/BVLC/caffe/issues/171
# DEBUG := 

# The ID of the GPU that 'make runtest' will use to run unit tests.
TEST_GPUID := 

# enable pretty build (comment to see full commands)
Q ?= @

如果你在运行make test命令出下面类似的错误：

In file included from /usr/local/include/leveldb/iterator.h::
/usr/local/include/leveldb/status.h::: error: expected ';' at end of declaration list
  Status() noexcept : state_(nullptr) {}
          ^
          ;
/usr/local/include/leveldb/status.h::: warning: rvalue references are a C++ extension [-Wc++-extensions]
  Status(Status&& rhs) noexcept : state_(rhs.state_) { rhs.state_ = nullptr; }
               ^
/usr/local/include/leveldb/status.h::: error: expected ';' at end of declaration list
  Status(Status&& rhs) noexcept : state_(rhs.state_) { rhs.state_ = nullptr; }
                      ^
                      ;
/usr/local/include/leveldb/status.h::: error: 'Status' is missing exception specification 'throw()'
inline Status::Status(const Status& rhs) {
               ^
                                         throw()
/usr/local/include/leveldb/status.h::: note: previous declaration is here
class LEVELDB_EXPORT Status {
                     ^
/usr/local/include/leveldb/status.h::: warning: rvalue references are a C++ extension [-Wc++-extensions]
inline Status& Status::operator=(Status&& rhs) noexcept {
                                       ^
/usr/local/include/leveldb/status.h::: error: expected function body after function declarator
inline Status& Status::operator=(Status&& rhs) noexcept {
                                               ^
In file included from src/caffe/util/db.cpp::

之前出这样的内容以为是leveldb版本的问题，但是后面发现设置该为：

# To customize your choice of compiler, uncomment and set the following.
# N.B. the default for Linux is g++ and the default for OSX is clang++
# CUSTOM_CXX := g++
CUSTOM_CXX := clang++ -std=c++

需要添加-std=c++11才能正常编译,就没有上面的问题了，跟着上面的配置走应该就不会有问题

想要读取python写的layer，就要取消下面行的注释：

# Uncomment to support layers written in Python (will link against Python libs)
WITH_PYTHON_LAYER := 

5.make编译：

make all
make test
make runtest
make pycaffe

⚠️注意:过程中可能会出现很多warning，只要不出现error，那都可以忽略

下面的问题基本上都使用更改配置的方法解决了，所以如果你跟着我上面的配置走，下面的一些问题你应该不会遇见

下面只是记录一下

⚠️运行make命令时，出了任何错，更改过后都要记得make clean一次，然后再从头make all进行编译

make all问题：

bool    OSAtomicCompareAndSwap64Barrier( int64_t __oldValue, int64_t __newValue,
        ^
src/caffe/net.cpp::: error: use of undeclared identifier 'H5Fis_hdf5'
  if (H5Fis_hdf5(trained_filename.c_str())) {
      ^
 warnings and  error generated.
make: *** [.build_release/src/caffe/net.o] Error 

解决，在配置中添加boost路径：

# Whatever else you find you need goes here.
INCLUDE_DIRS := $(PYTHON_INCLUDE) /usr/local/include /usr/local/opt/boost@1.59/include /usr/local/opt/hdf5/include
LIBRARY_DIRS := $(PYTHON_LIB) /usr/local/lib /usr/lib /usr/local/opt/boost-python@1.59/lib /usr/local/opt/hdf5/lib

make runtest问题：

(deeplearning2) userdeMacBook-Pro:caffe user$ make runtest
.build_release/tools/caffe
dyld: Library not loaded: /usr/local/opt/gcc/lib/gcc//libgfortran..dylib
  Referenced from: /usr/local/opt/openblas/lib/libopenblasp-r0.3.5.dylib
  Reason: image not found
make: *** [runtest] Abort trap: 

原因:

因为我本地安装的gcc是9版本，只有/usr/local/opt/gcc/lib/gcc/9，没有8的路径

解决办法就是安装了个8的版本：

(deeplearning2) userdeMacBook-Pro:caffe user$ brew install gcc@
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/gcc@8-8.3.0.mojave.bottle.tar.gz
==> Downloading from https://akamai.bintray.com/b1/b1e150c72b4c3b7f3493371d71cdb668f691bfee2e998e5b0bf570eed28254d6?__gda__=exp=1565346562~hmac=81794cd252808740593fa500900f13dbd
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring gcc@-8.3..mojave.bottle.tar.gz