题意:

双调欧几里得旅行商问题。

思路:

dp。定义dp[i][j](i <= j)为从点j从右向左严格按照x坐标递减顺序走到点1,之后再从点1从左向右严格按照x坐标递增的顺序走到点i,并且在此过程中经过且仅经过1到j之间所有的点1次。则

dp[1][2] = dis[1][2];

dp[i][j] = dp[i][j - 1] + dis[j - 1][j]; (i < j - 1)

dp[i][j] = min(dp[k][j - 1] + dis[k][j]). (1 <= k < j - 1, i == j - 1)

最终,dp[n][n] = dp[n - 1][n] + dis[n - 1][n].

实现:

 #include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <algorithm>
#include <cmath>
using namespace std; const int MAXN = , INF = 0x3f3f3f3f;
double dp[MAXN + ][MAXN + ], dis[MAXN + ][MAXN + ];
int n, x[MAXN + ], y[MAXN + ]; int square(int x)
{
return x * x;
} void init()
{
for (int i = ; i <= n; i++)
{
for (int j = i + ; j <= n; j++)
{
dis[i][j] = sqrt(square(x[i] - x[j]) + square(y[i] - y[j]));
}
}
} double solve()
{
dp[][] = dis[][];
for (int j = ; j <= n; j++)
{
// i < j - 1
for (int i = ; i <= j - ; i++)
{
dp[i][j] = dp[i][j - ] + dis[j - ][j];
}
// i == j - 1
dp[j - ][j] = INF;
for (int k = ; k <= j - ; k++)
{
dp[j - ][j] = min(dp[j - ][j], dp[k][j - ] + dis[k][j]);
}
}
return dp[n][n] = dp[n - ][n] + dis[n - ][n];
} int main()
{
while (cin >> n)
{
for (int i = ; i <= n; i++)
{
cin >> x[i] >> y[i];
}
init();
printf("%.2f\n", solve());
}
return ;
}

总结:

假设一个最优选择,然后再基于该最优选择来定义问题,是动态规划的惯用手法。

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