阻塞队列---ArrayBlockingQueue，LinkedBlockingQueue，DelayQueue源码分析

阻塞队列和非阻塞队列
阻塞队列和非阻塞队列的区别：阻塞队列可以自己阻塞，非阻塞队列不能自己阻塞，只能使用队列wait(),notify()进行队列消息传送。而阻塞队列当队列里面没有值时，会阻塞直到有值输入。输入也一样，当队列满的时候，会阻塞，直到队列不为空。
阻塞队列不需要synchronized,或者调用wait，notify()来进行队列交互。

非阻塞队列：
queue.wait();queue.notify();是synchronized (queue)的queue对象调用的，睡眠和唤醒是线程的睡眠和唤醒，

public class feizusheQueue
{
    private int queueSize = 10;
    private PriorityQueue<Integer> queue = new PriorityQueue<Integer>(queueSize);

    public static void main(String[] args)  {
        feizusheQueue test = new feizusheQueue  ();
        Producer producer = test.new Producer();
        Consumer consumer = test.new Consumer();

        producer.start();
        consumer.start();
    }

    class Consumer extends Thread{

        @Override
        public void run() {
            consume();
        }

        private void consume() {
            while(true){
                synchronized (queue) {
                    while(queue.size() == 0){
                        try {
                            System.out.println("队列空，等待数据");
                            queue.wait();
                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                            queue.notify();
                        }
                    }
                    queue.poll();          //每次移走队首元素
                    queue.notify();//执行完，不马上释放锁，synchronized执行完之后释放锁。
                    System.out.println("从队列取走一个元素，队列剩余"+ queue.size()+"个元素");
                }
            }
        }
    }

    class Producer extends Thread{

        @Override
        public void run() {
            produce();
        }

        private void produce() {
            while(true){
                synchronized (queue) {
                    while(queue.size() == queueSize){
                        try {
                            System.out.println("队列满，等待有空余空间");
                            queue.wait();
                        } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                            e.printStackTrace();
                            queue.notify();
                        }
                    }
                    queue.offer(1);        //每次插入一个元素
                    queue.notify();
                    System.out.println("向队列取中插入一个元素，队列剩余空间："+  (queueSize-queue.size()));
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

阻塞队列：

public class zusheQueue {
    private int queueSize = 10;
    private ArrayBlockingQueue<Integer> queue = new ArrayBlockingQueue<Integer>(queueSize);

    public static void main(String[] args)  {
        zusheQueue test = new zusheQueue();
        Producer producer = test.new Producer();
        Consumer consumer = test.new Consumer();

        producer.start();
        consumer.start();
    }

    class Consumer extends Thread{

        @Override
        public void run() {
            consume();
        }

        private void consume() {
            while(true){
                try {
                    queue.take();
                    System.out.println("从队列取走一个元素，队列剩余"+ queue.size()+"个元素");
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }

    class Producer extends Thread{

        @Override
        public void run() {
            produce();
        }

        private void produce() {
            while(true){
                try {
                    queue.put(1);
                    System.out.println("向队列取中插入一个元素，队列剩余空间："+ (queueSize-queue.size()));
                } catch (InterruptedException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
    }
}

lock.lock();当其他线程获取了这个锁，这和线程也获取不到这个锁了。condition.signal();但是外层的lock没有释放，还是走不了的。只唤醒一个消费者。

阻塞队列中的几个主要方法：
put方法用来向队尾存入元素，如果队列满，则等待；
offer方法用来向队尾存入元素，如果队列满，则等待一定的时间，当时间期限达到时，如果还没有插入成功，则返回false；否则返回true；
　　take方法用来从队首取元素，如果队列为空，则等待；
　　poll方法用来从队首取元素，如果队列空，则等待一定的时间，当时间期限达到时，如果取到，则返回null；否则返回取得的元素；
put(E e) take() offer(E e,long timeout, TimeUnit unit) poll(long timeout, TimeUnit unit)

非阻塞队列中的几个主要方法：
add(E e)：将元素e插入到队列末尾，如果插入成功，则返回true；如果插入失败（即队列已满），则会抛出异常；
remove()：移除队首元素，若移除成功，则返回true；如果移除失败（队列为空），则会抛出异常；
offer(E e)：将元素e插入到队列末尾，如果插入成功，则返回true；如果插入失败（即队列已满），则返回false；
poll()：移除并获取队首元素，若成功，则返回队首元素；否则返回null；
peek()：获取队首元素，若成功，则返回队首元素；否则返回null
对于非阻塞队列，一般情况下建议使用offer、poll和peek三个方法，不建议使用add和remove方法。因为使用offer、poll和peek三个方法可以通过返回值判断操作成功与否，而使用add和remove方法却不能达到这样的效果。注意，非阻塞队列中的方法都没有进行同步措施。

阻塞队列：
ArrayBlockingQueue：数组，在创建ArrayBlockingQueue对象时必须制定容量大小。并且可以指定公平性与非公平性，默认情况下为非公平的，即不保证等待时间最长的队列最优先能够访问队列。
LinkedBlockingQueue：链表，在创建LinkedBlockingQueue对象时如果不指定容量大小，则默认大小为Integer.MAX_VALUE。
PriorityBlockingQueue：以上2种队列都是先进先出队列，而PriorityBlockingQueue却不是，它会按照元素的优先级对元素进行排序，按照优先级顺序出队，每次出队的元素都是优先级最高的元素。注意，此阻塞队列为无界阻塞队列，即容量没有上限（通过源码就可以知道，它没有容器满的信号标志），前面2种都是有界队列。
DelayQueue：基于PriorityQueue，一种延时阻塞队列，DelayQueue中的元素只有当其指定的延迟时间到了，才能够从队列中获取到该元素。DelayQueue也是一个无界队列，因此往队列中插入数据的操作（生产者）永远不会被阻塞，而只有获取数据为空的操作（消费者）才会被阻塞。

public class ArrayBlockingQueue<E> extends AbstractQueue<E>
 implements BlockingQueue<E>, java.io.Serializable {
    final Object[] items;
    int takeIndex; //下一个要取的位置
    int putIndex; //下一个要放的位置
    int count;
    final ReentrantLock lock;
    private final Condition notEmpty;
    private final Condition notFull;
    public ArrayBlockingQueue(int capacity, boolean fair) {
        if (capacity <= 0)
            throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        this.items = new Object[capacity];
        lock = new ReentrantLock(fair);
        notEmpty = lock.newCondition();
        notFull =  lock.newCondition();
    }
    public void put(E e) throws InterruptedException {
        checkNotNull(e);
        final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock;
        lock.lockInterruptibly();
        try {
            while (count == items.length)
                notFull.await();
            enqueue(e);
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
    private void enqueue(E x) {
        // assert lock.getHoldCount() == 1;
        // assert items[putIndex] == null;
        final Object[] items = this.items;
        items[putIndex] = x;
        if (++putIndex == items.length)
            putIndex = 0;
        count++;
        notEmpty.signal();
    }
    public E take() throws InterruptedException {
        final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock;
        lock.lockInterruptibly();
        try {
            while (count == 0)
                notEmpty.await();
            return dequeue();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
    private E dequeue() {
        // assert lock.getHoldCount() == 1;
        // assert items[takeIndex] != null;
        final Object[] items = this.items;
        @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
        E x = (E) items[takeIndex];
        items[takeIndex] = null;
        if (++takeIndex == items.length)
            takeIndex = 0;
        count--;
        if (itrs != null)
            itrs.elementDequeued();
        notFull.signal();
        return x;
    }
    public boolean offer(E e) {
        checkNotNull(e);
        final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock;
        lock.lock();
        try {
            if (count == items.length)
                return false;
            else {
                enqueue(e);
                return true;
            }
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
    public boolean offer(E e, long timeout, TimeUnit unit)
        throws InterruptedException {

        checkNotNull(e);
        long nanos = unit.toNanos(timeout);
        final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock;
        lock.lockInterruptibly();
        try {
            while (count == items.length) {
                if (nanos <= 0)//时间到了就返回
                    return false;
                nanos = notFull.awaitNanos(nanos);
            }
            enqueue(e);
            return true;
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
   public E poll() {
        final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock;
        lock.lock();
        try {
            return (count == 0) ? null : dequeue();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
    public E take() throws InterruptedException {
        final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock;
        lock.lockInterruptibly();
        try {
            while (count == 0)
                notEmpty.await();
            return dequeue();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
   public E poll(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException {
        long nanos = unit.toNanos(timeout);
        final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock;
        lock.lockInterruptibly();
        try {
            while (count == 0) {
                if (nanos <= 0)//时间到了就返回
                    return null;
                nanos = notEmpty.awaitNanos(nanos);
            }
            return dequeue();
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
   public E peek() {
        final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock;
        lock.lock();
        try {
            return itemAt(takeIndex); // null when queue is empty
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
    public int size() {
        final ReentrantLock lock = this.lock;
        lock.lock();
        try {
            return count;
        } finally {
            lock.unlock();
        }
    }
}

数组阻塞队列：一个lock，2个condition，放的时候放和取都不行，取的时候取和放都不行。为空了取的线程都在emptyCondition
等待，满了放的线程都在fullCondition上面等待，唤醒时候只唤醒一个线程。只能同时一个取或者放。

Condition的特性:
　　　　1.Condition中的await()方法相当于Object的wait()方法，Condition中的signal()方法相当于Object的notify()方法，Condition中的signalAll()相当于Object的notifyAll()方法。不同的是，Object中的这些方法是和同步锁捆绑使用的；而Condition是需要与互斥锁/共享锁捆绑使用的。
　　　　2.Condition它更强大的地方在于：能够更加精细的控制多线程的休眠与唤醒。对于同一个锁，我们可以创建多个Condition，在不同的情况下使用不同的Condition。
　　　　 如果采用Object类中的wait(), notify(), notifyAll()实现该缓冲区，当向缓冲区写入数据之后需要唤醒"读线程"时，不可能通过notify()或notifyAll()明确的指定唤醒"读线程"，而只能通过notifyAll唤醒所有线程(但是notifyAll无法区分唤醒的线程是读线程，还是写线程)。 但是，通过Condition，就能明确的指定唤醒读线程。

链表阻塞队列：2个锁，2个confition，放的时候不能放可以取（也只是一个取），取的时候不能取可以放（只能一个放）。只能同时一个放一个取。都是通过count来平衡空和满的。

public class LinkedBlockingQueue<E> extends AbstractQueue<E> implements BlockingQueue<E>, java.io.Serializable {
    static class Node<E> {
        E item;
        Node<E> next;
        Node(E x) { item = x; }
    }
    private final int capacity;
    private final AtomicInteger count = new AtomicInteger();
    transient Node<E> head;
   private transient Node<E> last;
   private final ReentrantLock takeLock = new ReentrantLock();
   private final Condition notEmpty = takeLock.newCondition();
   private final ReentrantLock putLock = new ReentrantLock();
   private final Condition notFull = putLock.newCondition();
   private void signalNotEmpty() {
        final ReentrantLock takeLock = this.takeLock;
        takeLock.lock();
        try {
            notEmpty.signal();
        } finally {
            takeLock.unlock();
        }
    }
    private void signalNotFull() {
        final ReentrantLock putLock = this.putLock;
        putLock.lock();
        try {
            notFull.signal();
        } finally {
            putLock.unlock();
        }
    }
    private void enqueue(Node<E> node) {
        last = last.next = node;
    }
    private E dequeue() {
        // assert takeLock.isHeldByCurrentThread();
        // assert head.item == null;
        Node<E> h = head;
        Node<E> first = h.next;
        h.next = h; // help GC
        head = first;
        E x = first.item;
        first.item = null;
        return x;
    }
    void fullyLock() {
        putLock.lock();
        takeLock.lock();
    }
    void fullyUnlock() {
        takeLock.unlock();
        putLock.unlock();
    }
    public LinkedBlockingQueue(int capacity) {
        if (capacity <= 0) throw new IllegalArgumentException();
        this.capacity = capacity;
        last = head = new Node<E>(null);
    }
    public int size() {
        return count.get();
    }
    public int remainingCapacity() {
        return capacity - count.get();
    }
    public void put(E e) throws InterruptedException {
        if (e == null) throw new NullPointerException();
        int c = -1;
        Node<E> node = new Node<E>(e);
        final ReentrantLock putLock = this.putLock;
        final AtomicInteger count = this.count;
        putLock.lockInterruptibly();
        try {
            while (count.get() == capacity) {
                notFull.await();
            }
            enqueue(node);
            c = count.getAndIncrement();
            if (c + 1 < capacity)
                notFull.signal();
        } finally {
            putLock.unlock();
        }
        if (c == 0)
            signalNotEmpty();
    }
    public boolean offer(E e, long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException {

        if (e == null) throw new NullPointerException();
        long nanos = unit.toNanos(timeout);
        int c = -1;
        final ReentrantLock putLock = this.putLock;
        final AtomicInteger count = this.count;
        putLock.lockInterruptibly();
        try {
            while (count.get() == capacity) {
                if (nanos <= 0)//等待时间还没有就返回false
                    return false;
                nanos = notFull.awaitNanos(nanos);
            }
            enqueue(new Node<E>(e));
            c = count.getAndIncrement();
            if (c + 1 < capacity)
                notFull.signal();
        } finally {
            putLock.unlock();
        }
        if (c == 0)
            signalNotEmpty();
        return true;
    }
    public boolean offer(E e) {
        if (e == null) throw new NullPointerException();
        final AtomicInteger count = this.count;
        if (count.get() == capacity)  //是满的直接返回
            return false;
        int c = -1;
        Node<E> node = new Node<E>(e);
        final ReentrantLock putLock = this.putLock;
        putLock.lock();
        try {
            if (count.get() < capacity) {
                enqueue(node);
                c = count.getAndIncrement();
                if (c + 1 < capacity)
                    notFull.signal();
            }
        } finally {
            putLock.unlock();
        }
        if (c == 0)
            signalNotEmpty();
        return c >= 0;
    }
    public E take() throws InterruptedException {
        E x;
        int c = -1;
        final AtomicInteger count = this.count;
        final ReentrantLock takeLock = this.takeLock;
        takeLock.lockInterruptibly();
        try {
            while (count.get() == 0) {
                notEmpty.await();
            }
            x = dequeue();
            c = count.getAndDecrement();
            if (c > 1)
                notEmpty.signal();
        } finally {
            takeLock.unlock();
        }
        if (c == capacity)
            signalNotFull();
        return x;
    }
    public E poll(long timeout, TimeUnit unit) throws InterruptedException {
        E x = null;
        int c = -1;
        long nanos = unit.toNanos(timeout);
        final AtomicInteger count = this.count;
        final ReentrantLock takeLock = this.takeLock;
        takeLock.lockInterruptibly();
        try {
            while (count.get() == 0) {
                if (nanos <= 0)  //等到时间返回
                    return null;
                nanos = notEmpty.awaitNanos(nanos);
            }
            x = dequeue();
            c = count.getAndDecrement();
            if (c > 1)
                notEmpty.signal();
        } finally {
            takeLock.unlock();
        }
        if (c == capacity)
            signalNotFull();
        return x;
    }
    public E poll() {
        final AtomicInteger count = this.count;
        if (count.get() == 0)
            return null;  //直接返回
        E x = null;
        int c = -1;
        final ReentrantLock takeLock = this.takeLock;
        takeLock.lock();
        try {
            if (count.get() > 0) {
                x = dequeue();
                c = count.getAndDecrement();
                if (c > 1)
                    notEmpty.signal();
            }
        } finally {
            takeLock.unlock();
        }
        if (c == capacity)
            signalNotFull();
        return x;
    }
    public E peek() {
        if (count.get() == 0)
            return null;
        final ReentrantLock takeLock = this.takeLock;
        takeLock.lock();
        try {
            Node<E> first = head.next;
            if (first == null)
                return null;
            else
                return first.item;
        } finally {
            takeLock.unlock();
        }
    }
    public boolean remove(Object o) {
        if (o == null) return false;
        fullyLock();//读写都锁住
        try {
            for (Node<E> trail = head, p = trail.next;
                 p != null;
                 trail = p, p = p.next) {
                if (o.equals(p.item)) {
                    unlink(p, trail);
                    return true;
                }
            }
            return false;
        } finally {
            fullyUnlock();
        }
    }
    public boolean contains(Object o) {
        if (o == null) return false;
        fullyLock();//读写都锁住
        try {
            for (Node<E> p = head.next; p != null; p = p.next)
                if (o.equals(p.item))
                    return true;
            return false;
        } finally {
            fullyUnlock();
        }
    }
    public Object[] toArray() {
        fullyLock();
        try {
            int size = count.get();
            Object[] a = new Object[size];
            int k = 0;
            for (Node<E> p = head.next; p != null; p = p.next)
                a[k++] = p.item;
            return a;
        } finally {
            fullyUnlock();
        }
    }