TestNG之注解的生命周期

有必要介绍一下TestNG注解的生命周期，先看一下官网支持的注解有

@BeforeSuite @AfterSuite @BeforeTest @AfterTest @BeforeGroups @AfterGroups @BeforeClass @AfterClass @BeforeMethod @AfterMethod

Configuration information for a TestNG class: @BeforeSuite: The annotated method will be run before all tests in this suite have run.  @AfterSuite: The annotated method will be run after all tests in this suite have run.  @BeforeTest: The annotated method will be run before any test method belonging to the classes inside the <test> tag is run.  @AfterTest: The annotated method will be run after all the test methods belonging to the classes inside the <test> tag have run.  @BeforeGroups: The list of groups that this configuration method will run before. This method is guaranteed to run shortly before the first test method that belongs to any of these groups is invoked.  @AfterGroups: The list of groups that this configuration method will run after. This method is guaranteed to run shortly after the last test method that belongs to any of these groups is invoked.  @BeforeClass: The annotated method will be run before the first test method in the current class is invoked.  @AfterClass: The annotated method will be run after all the test methods in the current class have been run.  @BeforeMethod: The annotated method will be run before each test method.  @AfterMethod: The annotated method will be run after each test method.

英文看到不是很明白，那么我们从挨个实验。

package com.test;
 
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterGroups;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.AfterTest;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeGroups;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeMethod;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeSuite;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeTest;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
 
/**
 * @author QiaoJiafei
 * @version 创建时间：2016年3月24日 下午9:21:00
 * 类说明
 */
public class TestNG2 {
    @BeforeSuite
    public void beforesuite() {
        System.out.println("beforesuite");
    }
    @AfterSuite
    public void aftersuite() {
        System.out.println("aftersuite");
    }
 
    @BeforeTest
    public void beforetest() {
        System.out.println("beforeTest");
    }
    @AfterTest
    public void AfterTest() {
        System.out.println("aftertest");
    }
 
    @BeforeClass
    public void beforeclass() {
        System.out.println("beforeclass's TestNG2");
    }
 
    @AfterClass
    public void aftertclass() {
        System.out.println("afterclass's TestNG2");
    }
 
    @BeforeMethod
    public void beforemethod() {
        System.out.println("TestNG2's beforemethod");
    }
 
    @AfterMethod
    public void aftertmethod() {
        System.out.println("TestNG2's aftermethod");
    }
 
    @BeforeGroups
    public void beforegroups() {
        System.out.println("TestNG2's beforegroups");
    }
 
    @AfterGroups
    public void aftergroups() {
        System.out.println("TestNG2's aftergroups");
    }
 
    @Test
    public void test1() {
        System.out.println("TestNG2's testt1");
    }
 
    @Test(groups="gr")
    public void test2() {
        System.out.println("TestNG2's testt2");
    }
 
    public void ff() {
        System.out.println("nothing");
    }
}

运行后的结果：

beforesuite
beforeTest
beforeclass's TestNG2
TestNG2's beforemethod
TestNG2's testt1
TestNG2's aftermethod
TestNG2's beforemethod
TestNG2's testt2
TestNG2's aftermethod
afterclass's TestNG2
aftertest
aftersuite

由此可见，testng运行时，顺序是这样的：

@BeforeSuite->@BeforeTest->@BeforeClass->{@BeforeMethod->@Test->@AfterMethod}->@AfterClass->@AfterTest->@AfterSuite

其中{}内的与多少个@Test，就循环执行多少次。

我们知道了在一个类中注解的生命周期，那么这些注解的作用范围呢，下面我们再建一个类

package com.test;
 
import org.testng.annotations.AfterClass;
import org.testng.annotations.BeforeClass;
import org.testng.annotations.Test;
 
/**
 * @author QiaoJiafei
 * @version 创建时间：2016年3月24日 下午9:20:47
 * 类说明
 */
public class TestNG1 {
 
    @BeforeClass
    public void beforeclass() {
        System.out.println("beforeclass's TestNG1");
    }
 
    @AfterClass
    public void afterclass() {
        System.out.println("afterclass's TestNG1");
    }
 
    @Test
    public void test3() {
        System.out.println("TestNG1's test3");
    }
    @Test(groups="haha")
    public void test4() {
        System.out.println("TestNG1's test4");
    }
 
}

XML中这样配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<suite name="Suite" parallel="false">
  <test name="Test">
    <classes>
     <class name="com.test.TestNG1"/>
      <class name="com.test.TestNG2"/>
    </classes>
   <!--   <groups>
    <run>
    <include name="gr" />
    </run>
    </groups>-->
  </test> <!-- Test -->
</suite> <!-- Suite -->

运行的结果是：

beforesuite
beforeTest
beforeclass's TestNG1
TestNG1's test3
TestNG1's test4
afterclass's TestNG1
beforeclass's TestNG2
TestNG2's beforemethod
TestNG2's testt1
TestNG2's aftermethod
TestNG2's beforemethod
TestNG2's testt2
TestNG2's aftermethod
afterclass's TestNG2
aftertest
aftersuite

看到没有，除了@BeforeSuite、@BeforeTest、@AfterTest、@AfterSuite可以对不同的测试类生效外，其他的注解的作用范围只在本类中生效。这样就可以清晰的知道什么样的逻辑应该放在哪个注解中，如只想在测试中只启动、关闭一次浏览器，且再不同的测试类中共用，那么我们就可以把启动、关闭浏览器的方法放在suite和test中

至于@BeforeGroups和@AfterGroups笔者目前还没有发现怎么生效。

画了个路程图更直接点。