Linux 下配置Oracle开机自动启动

一./etc/oratab说明

直接使用cat 查看这个文件：

1. gg1:/home/oracle> cat /etc/oratab
2. #
3. # This file is used by ORACLEutilities.  It is created by root.sh
4. # and updated by the Database ConfigurationAssistant when creating
5. # a database.
6. # A colon, ':', is used as the fieldterminator.  A new line terminates
7. # the entry.  Lines beginning with a pound sign, '#', arecomments.
8. #
9. # Entries are of the form:
10. #  $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y|W>:
11. #
12. # The first and second fields are thesystem identifier and home
13. # directory of the databaserespectively.  The third filed indicates
14. # to the dbstart utility that the databaseshould , "Y", or should not,
15. # "N", be brought up at systemboot time.
16. #
17. # Multiple entries with the same$ORACLE_SID are not allowed.
18. #
19. #
20. gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1:N

gg1:/home/oracle> cat /etc/oratab
#

# This file is used by ORACLEutilities.  It is created by root.sh
# and updated by the Database ConfigurationAssistant when creating
# a database.

# A colon, ':', is used as the fieldterminator.  A new line terminates
# the entry.  Lines beginning with a pound sign, '#', arecomments.
#
# Entries are of the form:
#  $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y|W>:
#
# The first and second fields are thesystem identifier and home
# directory of the databaserespectively.  The third filed indicates
# to the dbstart utility that the databaseshould , "Y", or should not,
# "N", be brought up at systemboot time.
#
# Multiple entries with the same$ORACLE_SID are not allowed.
#
#
gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1:N

这里是我测试环境上的文件，在这个注释里面，对这个文件讲的比较清楚。/etc/oratab 由root.sh 脚本创建，在用DBCA 创建实例时也会更新这个文件。

当$ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y> 设置为Y时，允许实例自启动，当设置为N时，则不允许自启动。 这个文件里的配置仅仅起一个开关的作用，其并不会具体的执行启动和关闭，具体的操作由$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart和dbshut 脚本来实现。 这2个脚本在执行时会检查/etc/oratab 文件里的配置，为Y时才能继续执行。

所以配置数据库自启动和关闭的步骤如下：

（1）    配置/etc/oratab

（2）    修改$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart和dbshut，并将其添加到/etc/rc(.local) 文件中。

这里是使用oracle 自带的dbstart 和dbshut脚本，如果使用自己写的脚本来启动或关闭DB 就不需要关心这个文件的设置了。

二.$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart，dbshut 说明

2.1 dbstart 脚本

1. gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin>cat dbstart
2. #!/bin/sh
3. #
4. # $Id: dbstart.sh 22-may-2008.05:05:45arogers Exp $
5. # Copyright (c) 1991, 2008, Oracle. Allrights reserved.
6. #
7. ###################################
8. #
9. # usage: dbstart $ORACLE_HOME
10. #
11. # This script is used tostart ORACLE from /etc/rc(.local).
12. # It should ONLY beexecuted as part of the system boot procedure.
13. #
14. # This script will start all databaseslisted in the oratab file
15. # whose third field is a"Y".  If the third field is setto "Y" and
16. # there is no ORACLE_SID for an entry (thefirst field is a *),
17. # then this script will ignore that entry.
18. <SPAN style="COLOR: rgb(255,0,0)">--这里就是我们之前说的，这个仅启动/etc/oratab 文件中标记为Y的实例。</SPAN>
19. #
20. # This script requires that ASMORACLE_SID's start with a +, and
21. # that non-ASM instance ORACLE_SID's do notstart with a +.
22. #
23. # If ASM instances are to be started withthis script, it cannot be used inside an rc*.d directory, and should be invokedfrom rc.local only. Otherwise, the CSS service may not be available yet, andthis script will block init from completing the boot cycle.
24. <SPAN style="COLOR: rgb(255,0,0)">--如果是ASM 实例，那么只能从rc.local中调用，否则CSS 服务可能不可用。</SPAN>
25. #
26. # If you want dbstart to auto-start asingle-instance database that uses
27. # an ASM server that is auto-started by CRS(this is the default behavior
28. # for an ASM cluster), you must change thedatabase's ORATAB entry to use
29. # a third field of "W" and theASM's ORATAB entry to use a third field of "N".
30. # These values specify that dbstartauto-starts the database only after
31. # the ASM instance is up and running.
32. <SPAN style="COLOR: rgb(255,0,0)">--注意这里的W，其表示等待所有的ASM 实例启动完毕后在启动数据库。</SPAN>
33. #
34. # Note:
35. # Use ORACLE_TRACE=T for tracing thisscript.
36. #
37. # The progress log for each instancebringup plus Error and Warning message[s]
38. # are logged in file $ORACLE_HOME/startup.log.The error messages related to
39. # instance bringup are also logged tosyslog (system log module).
40. # The Listener log is located at$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/listener.log
41. <SPAN style="COLOR: rgb(255,0,0)">--启动日志存放在$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log里。</SPAN>
42. #
43. # On all UNIX platforms except SOLARIS
44. # ORATAB=/etc/oratab
45. #
46. # To configure, update ORATAB withInstances that need to be started up
47. #   Entries are of the form:
48. #   $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y|W>:
49. #   An example entry:
50. #   main:/usr/lib/oracle/emagent_10g:Y
51. #
52. # Overall algorithm:
53. <SPAN style="COLOR: rgb(255,0,0)">--启动顺序</SPAN>
54. # 1) Bring up all ASM instances with 'Y'entry in status field in oratab entry
55. <SPAN style="COLOR: rgb(255,0,0)">--启动状态为Y的所有ASM 实例</SPAN>
56. # 2) Bring up all Database instances with'Y' entry in status field in
57. #   oratab entry
58. <SPAN style="COLOR: rgb(255,0,0)">--启动所有状态为Y的数据库实例</SPAN>
59. # 3) If there are Database instances with'W' entry in status field
60. #   then
61. #     iterate over all ASM instances (irrespective of 'Y' or 'N') AND
62. #     wait for all of them to be started
63. #   fi
64. <SPAN style="COLOR: rgb(255,0,0)">--如果数据库的状态为W，则等待ASM 实例启动完毕，再启动</SPAN>
65. # 4) Bring up all Database instances with'W' entry in status field in
66. #   oratab entry
67. <SPAN style="COLOR: rgb(255,0,0)">--启动所有状态为W的数据库实例</SPAN>
68. #
69. #####################################
70. LOGMSG="logger -puser.alert -s "
71. trap 'exit' 1 2 3
72. # for script tracing
73. case $ORACLE_TRACE in
74. T)set -x ;;
75. esac
76. # Set path if path not set (if called from/etc/rc)
77. SAVE_PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/etc:${PATH} ;export PATH
78. SAVE_LLP=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
79. # First argument is used to bring up OracleNet Listener
80. ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1
81. if [ ! $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER ] ; then
82. echo "ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-start OracleNet Listener"
83. echo "Usage: $0 ORACLE_HOME"
84. else
85. LOG=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/listener.log
86. #Set the ORACLE_HOME for the Oracle Net Listener, it gets reset to
87. # adifferent ORACLE_HOME for each entry in the oratab.
88. export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER
89. #Start Oracle Net Listener
90. if[ -x $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr ] ; then
91. echo "$0: Starting Oracle Net Listener" >> $LOG2>&1
92. $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl start >> $LOG 2>&1 &
93. VER10LIST=`$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl version | grep "LSNRCTLfor " | cut -d' ' -f5 | cut -d'.' -f1`
94. export VER10LIST
95. else
96. echo "Failed to auto-start Oracle Net Listener using$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr"
97. fi
98. fi
99. # Set this in accordance with the platform
100. ORATAB=/etc/oratab
101. if [ ! $ORATAB ] ; then
102. echo "$ORATAB not found"
103. exit 1;
104. fi
105. # Checks Version Mismatch between Listenerand Database Instance.
106. # A version 10 listener is required for anOracle Database 10g database.
107. # Previous versions of the listener are notsupported for use with an Oracle
108. # Database 10g database. However, it ispossible to use a version 10 listener
109. # with previous versions of the Oracledatabase.
110. checkversionmismatch() {
111. if[ $VER10LIST ] ; then
112. VER10INST=`sqlplus -V | grep "Release " | cut -d' ' -f3 | cut-d'.' -f1`
113. if [ $VER10LIST -lt $VER10INST ] ; then
114. $LOGMSG "Listener version $VER10LIST NOT supported with Databaseversion $VER10INST"
115. $LOGMSG "Restart Oracle Net Listener using an alternateORACLE_HOME_LISTNER:"
116. $LOGMSG "lsnrctl start"
117. fi
118. fi
119. }
120. # Starts a DatabaseInstance
121. startinst() {
122. #Called programs use same database ID
123. export ORACLE_SID
124. #Put $ORACLE_HOME/bin into PATH and export.
125. PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:${SAVE_PATH} ; export PATH
126. #add for bug # 652997
127. LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${ORACLE_HOME}/lib:${SAVE_LLP} ; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
128. PFILE=${ORACLE_HOME}/dbs/init${ORACLE_SID}.ora
129. SPFILE=${ORACLE_HOME}/dbs/spfile${ORACLE_SID}.ora
130. SPFILE1=${ORACLE_HOME}/dbs/spfile.ora
131. echo ""
132. echo "$0: Starting up database \"$ORACLE_SID\""
133. date
134. echo ""
135. checkversionmismatch
136. #See if it is a V6 or V7 database
137. VERSION=undef
138. if[ -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqldba ] ; then
139. SQLDBA=sqldba
140. VERSION=`$ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqldba command=exit | awk '
141. /SQL\*DBA: (Release|Version)/ {split($3, V, ".") ;
142. print V[1]}'`
143. case $VERSION in
144. "6") ;;
145. *) VERSION="internal" ;;
146. esac
147. else
148. if [ -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/svrmgrl ] ; then
149. SQLDBA=svrmgrl
150. VERSION="internal"
151. else
152. SQLDBA="sqlplus /nolog"
153. fi
154. fi
155. STATUS=1
156. if[ -f $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/sgadef${ORACLE_SID}.dbf ] ; then
157. STATUS="-1"
158. fi
159. if[ -f $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/sgadef${ORACLE_SID}.ora ] ; then
160. STATUS="-1"
161. fi
162. pmon=`ps -ef | grep -w "ora_pmon_$ORACLE_SID"  | grep -v grep`
163. if[ "$pmon" != "" ] ; then
164. STATUS="-1"
165. $LOGMSG "Warning: ${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" alreadystarted."
166. fi
167. if[ $STATUS -eq -1 ] ; then
168. $LOGMSG "Warning: ${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" possibly leftrunning when system went down (system crash?)."
169. $LOGMSG "Action: Notify Database Administrator."
170. case $VERSION in
171. "6")  sqldba"command=shutdown abort" ;;
172. "internal")  $SQLDBA$args <<EOF
173. connect internal
174. shutdown abort
175. EOF
176. ;;
177. *)  $SQLDBA $args <<EOF
178. connect / as sysdba
179. shutdown abort
180. quit
181. EOF
182. ;;
183. esac
184. if [ $? -eq 0 ] ; then
185. STATUS=1
186. else
187. $LOGMSG "Error: ${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" NOTstarted."
188. fi
189. fi
190. if[ $STATUS -eq 1 ] ; then
191. if [ -e $SPFILE -o -e $SPFILE1 -o -e $PFILE ] ; then
192. case $VERSION in
193. "6")  sqldbacommand=startup ;;
194. "internal")  $SQLDBA<<EOF
195. connect internal
196. startup
197. EOF
198. ;;
199. *)  $SQLDBA <<EOF
200. connect / as sysdba
201. startup
202. quit
203. EOF
204. ;;
205. esac
206. if [ $? -eq 0 ] ; then
207. echo ""
208. echo "$0: ${INST}\"${ORACLE_SID}\" warm started."
209. else
210. $LOGMSG ""
211. $LOGMSG "Error: ${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" NOTstarted."
212. fi
213. else
214. $LOGMSG ""
215. $LOGMSG "No init file found for ${INST}\"${ORACLE_SID}\"."
216. $LOGMSG "Error: ${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" NOTstarted."
217. fi
218. fi
219. }
220. # Starts an ASM Instance
221. startasminst() {
222. #Called programs use same database ID
223. export ORACLE_SID
224. ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
225. #Called scripts use same home directory
226. export ORACLE_HOME
227. #For ASM instances, we have a dependency on the CSS service.
228. #Wait here for it to become available before instance startup.
229. #Is the 10g install intact? Are all necessary binaries present?
230. if[ ! -x $ORACLE_HOME/bin/crsctl ]; then
231. $LOGMSG "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/crsctl not found when attempting tostart"
232. $LOGMSG "  ASM instance$ORACLE_SID."
233. else
234. COUNT=0
235. $ORACLE_HOME/bin/crsctl check css
236. RC=$?
237. while [ "$RC" != "0" ];
238. do
239. COUNT=`expr $COUNT + 1`
240. if [ $COUNT = 15 ] ; then
241. # 15 tries with 20 sec interval => 5 minutes timeout
242. $LOGMSG "Timed out waiting to start ASM instance$ORACLE_SID"
243. $LOGMSG "  CSS service is NOTavailable."
244. exit $COUNT
245. fi
246. $LOGMSG "Waiting for Oracle CSS service to be available beforestarting "
247. $LOGMSG " ASM instance $ORACLE_SID. Wait $COUNT."
248. sleep 20
249. $ORACLE_HOME/bin/crsctl check css
250. RC=$?
251. done
252. fi
253. startinst
254. }
255. # Start of dbstartupscript
256. #
257. # Loop for every entry in oratab file andand try to start
258. # that ORACLE.
259. #
260. # ASM instances need to be started before'Database instances'
261. # ASM instance is identified with '+'prefix in ORACLE_SID
262. # Following loop brings up ASM instance[s]
263. cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
264. do
265. case $LINE in
266. \#*)                ;;        #comment-line in oratab
267. *)
268. ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
269. if[ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
270. #same as NULL SID - ignore this entry
271. ORACLE_SID=""
272. continue
273. fi
274. #Proceed only if last field is 'Y'.
275. if[ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "Y" ] ; then
276. #If ASM instances
277. if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` = '+' ]; then
278. INST="ASM instance"
279. ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
280. # Called scripts use same home directory
281. export ORACLE_HOME
282. # file for logging script's output
283. LOG=$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log
284. touch $LOG
285. chmod a+r $LOG
286. echo "Processing $INST \"$ORACLE_SID\": log file$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log"
287. startasminst >> $LOG 2>&1
288. fi
289. fi
290. ;;
291. esac
292. done
293. # exit if there was any trouble bringing upASM instance[s]
294. if [ "$?" != "0" ] ;then
295. exit 2
296. fi
297. #
298. # Following loop brings up 'Database instances'
299. #
300. cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
301. do
302. case $LINE in
303. \#*)                ;;        #comment-line in oratab
304. *)
305. ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
306. if[ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
307. #same as NULL SID - ignore this entry
308. ORACLE_SID=""
309. continue
310. fi
311. #Proceed only if last field is 'Y'.
312. if[ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "Y" ] ; then
313. #If non-ASM instances
314. if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` != '+' ]; then
315. INST="Database instance"
316. ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
317. # Called scripts use same home directory
318. export ORACLE_HOME
319. # file for logging script's output
320. LOG=$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log
321. touch $LOG
322. chmod a+r $LOG
323. echo "Processing $INST \"$ORACLE_SID\": log file$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log"
324. startinst >> $LOG 2>&1
325. fi
326. fi
327. ;;
328. esac
329. done
330. #
331. # Following loop brings up 'Databaseinstances' that have wait state 'W'
332. #
333. cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
334. do
335. case $LINE in
336. \#*)                ;;        #comment-line in oratab
337. *)
338. ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
339. if[ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
340. #same as NULL SID - ignore this entry
341. ORACLE_SID=""
342. continue
343. fi
344. #Proceed only if last field is 'W'.
345. if[ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "W" ] ; then
346. W_ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
347. #DB instances with 'W' (wait state) have a dependency on ASM instances via CRS.
348. #Wait here for 'all' ASM instances to become available.
349. cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
350. do
351. case $LINE in
352. \#*)                ;;        #comment-line in oratab
353. *)
354. ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
355. if [ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
356. # same as NULL SID - ignore this entry
357. ORACLE_SID=""
358. continue
359. fi
360. if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` = '+' ]; then
361. INST="ASM instance"
362. ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
363. if [ -x $ORACLE_HOME/bin/srvctl ] ; then
364. COUNT=0
365. NODE=`olsnodes -l`
366. RNODE=`srvctl status asm -n $NODE | grep "$ORACLE_SID isrunning"`
367. RC=$?
368. while [ "$RC" != "0" ]; # wait until this comes up!
369. do
370. COUNT=$((COUNT+1))
371. if [ $COUNT = 5 ] ; then
372. # 5 tries with 60 sec interval=> 5 minutes timeout
373. $LOGMSG "Error: Timed outwaiting on CRS to start ASM instance $ORACLE_SID"
374. exit $COUNT
375. fi
376. $LOGMSG "Waiting for Oracle CRS service to start ASM instance$ORACLE_SID"
377. $LOGMSG "Wait $COUNT."
378. sleep 60
379. RNODE=`srvctl status asm -n $NODE | grep "$ORACLE_SID isrunning"`
380. RC=$?
381. done
382. else
383. $LOGMSG "Error: \"${W_ORACLE_SID}\" has dependency on ASMinstance \"${ORACLE_SID}\""
384. $LOGMSG "Error: Need $ORACLE_HOME/bin/srvctl to check thisdependency"
385. fi
386. fi     # asm instance
387. ;;
388. esac
389. done # innner while
390. fi
391. ;;
392. esac
393. done # outer while
394. # by now all the ASM instances have come upand we can proceed to bring up
395. # DB instance with 'W' wait status
396. cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
397. do
398. case $LINE in
399. \#*)                ;;        #comment-line in oratab
400. *)
401. ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
402. if[ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
403. #same as NULL SID - ignore this entry
404. ORACLE_SID=""
405. continue
406. fi
407. #Proceed only if last field is 'W'.
408. if[ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "W" ] ; then
409. INST="Database instance"
410. if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` = '+' ]; then
411. $LOGMSG "Error: ${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" NOTstarted"
412. $LOGMSG "Error: incorrect usage: 'W' not allowed for ASMinstances"
413. continue
414. fi
415. ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
416. #Called scripts use same home directory
417. export ORACLE_HOME
418. #file for logging script's output
419. LOG=$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log
420. touch $LOG
421. chmod a+r $LOG
422. echo "Processing $INST \"$ORACLE_SID\": log file$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log"
423. startinst >> $LOG 2>&1
424. fi
425. ;;
426. esac
427. done
428. gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin>

gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin>cat dbstart
#!/bin/sh
#
# $Id: dbstart.sh 22-may-2008.05:05:45arogers Exp $
# Copyright (c) 1991, 2008, Oracle. Allrights reserved.
#

###################################
#
# usage: dbstart $ORACLE_HOME
#
# This script is used tostart ORACLE from /etc/rc(.local).
# It should ONLY beexecuted as part of the system boot procedure.
#
# This script will start all databaseslisted in the oratab file
# whose third field is a"Y".  If the third field is setto "Y" and
# there is no ORACLE_SID for an entry (thefirst field is a *),
# then this script will ignore that entry.
<span style="COLOR: rgb(255,0,0)">--这里就是我们之前说的，这个仅启动/etc/oratab 文件中标记为Y的实例。</span>
#
# This script requires that ASMORACLE_SID's start with a +, and
# that non-ASM instance ORACLE_SID's do notstart with a +.
#
# If ASM instances are to be started withthis script, it cannot be used inside an rc*.d directory, and should be invokedfrom rc.local only. Otherwise, the CSS service may not be available yet, andthis script will block init from completing the boot cycle.
<span style="COLOR: rgb(255,0,0)">--如果是ASM 实例，那么只能从rc.local中调用，否则CSS 服务可能不可用。</span>
#
# If you want dbstart to auto-start asingle-instance database that uses
# an ASM server that is auto-started by CRS(this is the default behavior
# for an ASM cluster), you must change thedatabase's ORATAB entry to use
# a third field of "W" and theASM's ORATAB entry to use a third field of "N".
# These values specify that dbstartauto-starts the database only after
# the ASM instance is up and running.
<span style="COLOR: rgb(255,0,0)">--注意这里的W，其表示等待所有的ASM 实例启动完毕后在启动数据库。</span>
#
# Note:
# Use ORACLE_TRACE=T for tracing thisscript.
#
# The progress log for each instancebringup plus Error and Warning message[s]
# are logged in file $ORACLE_HOME/startup.log.The error messages related to
# instance bringup are also logged tosyslog (system log module).
# The Listener log is located at$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/listener.log
<span style="COLOR: rgb(255,0,0)">--启动日志存放在$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log里。</span>
#
# On all UNIX platforms except SOLARIS
# ORATAB=/etc/oratab
#
# To configure, update ORATAB withInstances that need to be started up
#   Entries are of the form:
#   $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y|W>:
#   An example entry:
#   main:/usr/lib/oracle/emagent_10g:Y
#
# Overall algorithm:
<span style="COLOR: rgb(255,0,0)">--启动顺序</span>
# 1) Bring up all ASM instances with 'Y'entry in status field in oratab entry
<span style="COLOR: rgb(255,0,0)">--启动状态为Y的所有ASM 实例</span>
# 2) Bring up all Database instances with'Y' entry in status field in
#   oratab entry
<span style="COLOR: rgb(255,0,0)">--启动所有状态为Y的数据库实例</span>
# 3) If there are Database instances with'W' entry in status field
#   then
#     iterate over all ASM instances (irrespective of 'Y' or 'N') AND
#     wait for all of them to be started
#   fi
<span style="COLOR: rgb(255,0,0)">--如果数据库的状态为W，则等待ASM 实例启动完毕，再启动</span>
# 4) Bring up all Database instances with'W' entry in status field in
#   oratab entry
<span style="COLOR: rgb(255,0,0)">--启动所有状态为W的数据库实例</span>
#
#####################################

LOGMSG="logger -puser.alert -s "

trap 'exit' 1 2 3

# for script tracing
case $ORACLE_TRACE in
  T)set -x ;;
esac

# Set path if path not set (if called from/etc/rc)
SAVE_PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/etc:${PATH} ;export PATH
SAVE_LLP=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

# First argument is used to bring up OracleNet Listener
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1
if [ ! $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER ] ; then
 echo "ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-start OracleNet Listener"
 echo "Usage: $0 ORACLE_HOME"
else
 LOG=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/listener.log

  #Set the ORACLE_HOME for the Oracle Net Listener, it gets reset to
  # adifferent ORACLE_HOME for each entry in the oratab.
 export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER

  #Start Oracle Net Listener
  if[ -x $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr ] ; then
   echo "$0: Starting Oracle Net Listener" >> $LOG2>&1
   $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl start >> $LOG 2>&1 &
   VER10LIST=`$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl version | grep "LSNRCTLfor " | cut -d' ' -f5 | cut -d'.' -f1`
   export VER10LIST
 else
   echo "Failed to auto-start Oracle Net Listener using$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr"
  fi
fi

# Set this in accordance with the platform
ORATAB=/etc/oratab
if [ ! $ORATAB ] ; then
 echo "$ORATAB not found"
 exit 1;
fi

# Checks Version Mismatch between Listenerand Database Instance.
# A version 10 listener is required for anOracle Database 10g database.
# Previous versions of the listener are notsupported for use with an Oracle
# Database 10g database. However, it ispossible to use a version 10 listener
# with previous versions of the Oracledatabase.
checkversionmismatch() {
  if[ $VER10LIST ] ; then
   VER10INST=`sqlplus -V | grep "Release " | cut -d' ' -f3 | cut-d'.' -f1`
   if [ $VER10LIST -lt $VER10INST ] ; then
     $LOGMSG "Listener version $VER10LIST NOT supported with Databaseversion $VER10INST"
     $LOGMSG "Restart Oracle Net Listener using an alternateORACLE_HOME_LISTNER:"
     $LOGMSG "lsnrctl start"
   fi
  fi
}

# Starts a DatabaseInstance
startinst() {
  #Called programs use same database ID
 export ORACLE_SID

  #Put $ORACLE_HOME/bin into PATH and export.
 PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:${SAVE_PATH} ; export PATH
  #add for bug # 652997
 LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${ORACLE_HOME}/lib:${SAVE_LLP} ; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
 PFILE=${ORACLE_HOME}/dbs/init${ORACLE_SID}.ora
 SPFILE=${ORACLE_HOME}/dbs/spfile${ORACLE_SID}.ora
 SPFILE1=${ORACLE_HOME}/dbs/spfile.ora

 echo ""
 echo "$0: Starting up database \"$ORACLE_SID\""
 date
 echo ""

 checkversionmismatch

  #See if it is a V6 or V7 database
 VERSION=undef
  if[ -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqldba ] ; then
   SQLDBA=sqldba
   VERSION=`$ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqldba command=exit | awk '
     /SQL\*DBA: (Release|Version)/ {split($3, V, ".") ;
     print V[1]}'`
   case $VERSION in
     "6") ;;
     *) VERSION="internal" ;;
   esac
 else
   if [ -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/svrmgrl ] ; then
     SQLDBA=svrmgrl
     VERSION="internal"
   else
     SQLDBA="sqlplus /nolog"
   fi
  fi

 STATUS=1
  if[ -f $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/sgadef${ORACLE_SID}.dbf ] ; then
   STATUS="-1"
  fi
  if[ -f $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/sgadef${ORACLE_SID}.ora ] ; then
   STATUS="-1"
  fi
 pmon=`ps -ef | grep -w "ora_pmon_$ORACLE_SID"  | grep -v grep`
  if[ "$pmon" != "" ] ; then
   STATUS="-1"
   $LOGMSG "Warning: ${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" alreadystarted."
  fi

  if[ $STATUS -eq -1 ] ; then
   $LOGMSG "Warning: ${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" possibly leftrunning when system went down (system crash?)."
   $LOGMSG "Action: Notify Database Administrator."
   case $VERSION in
     "6")  sqldba"command=shutdown abort" ;;
     "internal")  $SQLDBA$args <<EOF
connect internal
shutdown abort
EOF
       ;;
     *)  $SQLDBA $args <<EOF
connect / as sysdba
shutdown abort
quit
EOF
       ;;
   esac

   if [ $? -eq 0 ] ; then
     STATUS=1
   else
     $LOGMSG "Error: ${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" NOTstarted."
   fi
  fi

  if[ $STATUS -eq 1 ] ; then
   if [ -e $SPFILE -o -e $SPFILE1 -o -e $PFILE ] ; then
     case $VERSION in
       "6")  sqldbacommand=startup ;;
       "internal")  $SQLDBA<<EOF
connect internal
startup
EOF
         ;;
       *)  $SQLDBA <<EOF
connect / as sysdba
startup
quit
EOF
         ;;
     esac

     if [ $? -eq 0 ] ; then
       echo ""
        echo "$0: ${INST}\"${ORACLE_SID}\" warm started."
     else
       $LOGMSG ""
       $LOGMSG "Error: ${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" NOTstarted."
     fi
   else
     $LOGMSG ""
     $LOGMSG "No init file found for ${INST}\"${ORACLE_SID}\"."
     $LOGMSG "Error: ${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" NOTstarted."
   fi
  fi
}

# Starts an ASM Instance
startasminst() {
  #Called programs use same database ID
 export ORACLE_SID
 ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
  #Called scripts use same home directory
 export ORACLE_HOME

  #For ASM instances, we have a dependency on the CSS service.
  #Wait here for it to become available before instance startup.

  #Is the 10g install intact? Are all necessary binaries present?
  if[ ! -x $ORACLE_HOME/bin/crsctl ]; then
   $LOGMSG "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/crsctl not found when attempting tostart"
   $LOGMSG "  ASM instance$ORACLE_SID."

 else
   COUNT=0
   $ORACLE_HOME/bin/crsctl check css
   RC=$?
   while [ "$RC" != "0" ];
     do
     COUNT=`expr $COUNT + 1`
     if [ $COUNT = 15 ] ; then
       # 15 tries with 20 sec interval => 5 minutes timeout
       $LOGMSG "Timed out waiting to start ASM instance$ORACLE_SID"
       $LOGMSG "  CSS service is NOTavailable."
        exit $COUNT
     fi
     $LOGMSG "Waiting for Oracle CSS service to be available beforestarting "
     $LOGMSG " ASM instance $ORACLE_SID. Wait $COUNT."
     sleep 20
     $ORACLE_HOME/bin/crsctl check css
     RC=$?
   done
  fi
 startinst
}

# Start of dbstartupscript
#
# Loop for every entry in oratab file andand try to start
# that ORACLE.
#
# ASM instances need to be started before'Database instances'
# ASM instance is identified with '+'prefix in ORACLE_SID
# Following loop brings up ASM instance[s]

cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
do
case $LINE in
 \#*)                ;;        #comment-line in oratab
  *)
 ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
  if[ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
    #same as NULL SID - ignore this entry
   ORACLE_SID=""
   continue
  fi
  #Proceed only if last field is 'Y'.
  if[ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "Y" ] ; then
    #If ASM instances
   if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` = '+' ]; then
     INST="ASM instance"
     ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
     # Called scripts use same home directory
     export ORACLE_HOME
     # file for logging script's output
     LOG=$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log
     touch $LOG
     chmod a+r $LOG
     echo "Processing $INST \"$ORACLE_SID\": log file$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log"
     startasminst >> $LOG 2>&1
   fi
  fi
  ;;
esac
done

# exit if there was any trouble bringing upASM instance[s]
if [ "$?" != "0" ] ;then
 exit 2
fi

#
# Following loop brings up 'Database instances'
#
cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
do
case $LINE in
 \#*)                ;;        #comment-line in oratab
  *)
 ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
  if[ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
    #same as NULL SID - ignore this entry
    ORACLE_SID=""
   continue
  fi
  #Proceed only if last field is 'Y'.
  if[ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "Y" ] ; then
    #If non-ASM instances
   if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` != '+' ]; then
     INST="Database instance"
     ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
     # Called scripts use same home directory
     export ORACLE_HOME
     # file for logging script's output
     LOG=$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log
     touch $LOG
     chmod a+r $LOG
     echo "Processing $INST \"$ORACLE_SID\": log file$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log"
     startinst >> $LOG 2>&1
   fi
  fi
  ;;
esac
done

#
# Following loop brings up 'Databaseinstances' that have wait state 'W'
#
cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
do
case $LINE in
 \#*)                ;;        #comment-line in oratab
  *)
 ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
  if[ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
    #same as NULL SID - ignore this entry
   ORACLE_SID=""
   continue
  fi
  #Proceed only if last field is 'W'.
  if[ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "W" ] ; then
   W_ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
    #DB instances with 'W' (wait state) have a dependency on ASM instances via CRS.
    #Wait here for 'all' ASM instances to become available.
   cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
   do
   case $LINE in
     \#*)                ;;        #comment-line in oratab
     *)
     ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
     if [ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
       # same as NULL SID - ignore this entry
       ORACLE_SID=""
       continue
     fi
     if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` = '+' ]; then
       INST="ASM instance"
       ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
       if [ -x $ORACLE_HOME/bin/srvctl ] ; then
         COUNT=0
         NODE=`olsnodes -l`
         RNODE=`srvctl status asm -n $NODE | grep "$ORACLE_SID isrunning"`
         RC=$?
         while [ "$RC" != "0" ]; # wait until this comes up!
         do
           COUNT=$((COUNT+1))
           if [ $COUNT = 5 ] ; then
              # 5 tries with 60 sec interval=> 5 minutes timeout
              $LOGMSG "Error: Timed outwaiting on CRS to start ASM instance $ORACLE_SID"
              exit $COUNT
           fi
           $LOGMSG "Waiting for Oracle CRS service to start ASM instance$ORACLE_SID"
           $LOGMSG "Wait $COUNT."
           sleep 60
           RNODE=`srvctl status asm -n $NODE | grep "$ORACLE_SID isrunning"`
           RC=$?
         done
       else
         $LOGMSG "Error: \"${W_ORACLE_SID}\" has dependency on ASMinstance \"${ORACLE_SID}\""
         $LOGMSG "Error: Need $ORACLE_HOME/bin/srvctl to check thisdependency"
       fi
     fi     # asm instance
     ;;
    esac
   done # innner while
  fi
  ;;
esac
done # outer while

# by now all the ASM instances have come upand we can proceed to bring up
# DB instance with 'W' wait status

cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
do
case $LINE in
 \#*)                ;;        #comment-line in oratab
  *)
 ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
  if[ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
    #same as NULL SID - ignore this entry
   ORACLE_SID=""
   continue
  fi
  #Proceed only if last field is 'W'.
  if[ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "W" ] ; then
   INST="Database instance"
   if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` = '+' ]; then
     $LOGMSG "Error: ${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" NOTstarted"
     $LOGMSG "Error: incorrect usage: 'W' not allowed for ASMinstances"
     continue
   fi
   ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
    #Called scripts use same home directory
   export ORACLE_HOME
    #file for logging script's output
   LOG=$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log
   touch $LOG
    chmod a+r $LOG
   echo "Processing $INST \"$ORACLE_SID\": log file$ORACLE_HOME/startup.log"
   startinst >> $LOG 2>&1
  fi
  ;;
esac
done
gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin>

2.2 dbshut 脚本

1. gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin>cat dbshut
2. #!/bin/sh
3. #
4. # $Id: dbshut.sh 22-may-2008.05:19:31arogers Exp $
5. # Copyright (c) 1991, 2008, Oracle. Allrights reserved.
6. #
7. ###################################
8. #
9. # usage: dbshut $ORACLE_HOME
10. #
11. # This script is used to shutdown ORACLEfrom /etc/rc(.local).
12. # It should ONLY be executed as part of thesystem boot procedure.
13. #
14. # This script will shutdown all databaseslisted in the oratab file
15. # whose third field is a "Y" or"W".  If the third field is setto "Y" and
16. # there is no ORACLE_SID for an entry (thefirst field is a *),
17. # then this script will ignore that entry.
18. #
19. # This script requires that ASMORACLE_SID's start with a +, and
20. # that non-ASM instance ORACLE_SID's do notstart with a +.
21. #
22. # Note:
23. # Use ORACLE_TRACE=T for tracing this script.
24. # Oracle Net Listener is also shutdownusing this script.
25. #
26. # The progress log for each instanceshutdown is logged in file
27. # $ORACLE_HOME/shutdown.log.
28. #
29. # On all UNIX platforms except SOLARIS
30. # ORATAB=/etc/oratab
31. #
32. # To configure, update ORATAB withInstances that need to be shutdown
33. #   Entries are of the form:
34. #   $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:
35. #   An example entry:
36. #   main:/usr/lib/oracle/emagent_10g:Y
37. #
38. #####################################
39. trap 'exit' 1 2 3
40. case $ORACLE_TRACE in
41. T) set-x ;;
42. esac
43. # Set path if path not set (if called from/etc/rc)
44. SAVE_PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/etc:${PATH} ;export PATH
45. SAVE_LLP=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
46. # The this to bring down Oracle Net Listener
47. ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1
48. if [ ! $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER ] ; then
49. echo"ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-stop Oracle NetListener"
50. echo "Usage: $0 ORACLE_HOME"
51. else
52. LOG=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/listener.log
53. #Set the ORACLE_HOME for the Oracle Net Listener, it gets reset to
54. # adifferent ORACLE_HOME for each entry in the oratab.
55. export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER
56. #Stop Oracle Net Listener
57. if[ -f $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr ] ; then
58. echo "$0: Stoping Oracle Net Listener" >> $LOG2>&1
59. $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl stop >> $LOG 2>&1 &
60. else
61. echo "Failed to auto-stop Oracle Net Listener using$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr"
62. fi
63. fi
64. # Set this in accordance with the platform
65. ORATAB=/etc/oratab
66. if [ ! $ORATAB ] ; then
67. echo "$ORATAB not found"
68. exit 1;
69. fi
70. # Stops an instance
71. stopinst() {
72. ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
73. if[ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
74. ORACLE_SID=""
75. fi
76. # Called programs use same database ID
77. export ORACLE_SID
78. ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
79. # Called scripts use same home directory
80. export ORACLE_HOME
81. # Put $ORACLE_HOME/bin into PATH andexport.
82. PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:${SAVE_PATH} ; export PATH
83. # add for bug 652997
84. LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${ORACLE_HOME}/lib:${SAVE_LLP} ; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
85. PFILE=${ORACLE_HOME}/dbs/init${ORACLE_SID}.ora
86. # See if it is a V6 or V7 database
87. VERSION=undef
88. if[ -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqldba ] ; then
89. SQLDBA=sqldba
90. VERSION=`$ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqldba command=exit | awk '
91. /SQL\*DBA: (Release|Version)/ {split($3, V, ".") ;
92. print V[1]}'`
93. case $VERSION in
94. "6") ;;
95. *) VERSION="internal" ;;
96. esac
97. else
98. if [ -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/svrmgrl ] ; then
99. SQLDBA=svrmgrl
100. VERSION="internal"
101. else
102. SQLDBA="sqlplus /nolog"
103. fi
104. fi
105. case $VERSION in
106. "6")  sqldbacommand=shutdown ;;
107. "internal")  $SQLDBA<<EOF
108. connect internal
109. shutdown immediate
110. EOF
111. ;;
112. *)  $SQLDBA <<EOF
113. connect / as sysdba
114. shutdown immediate
115. quit
116. EOF
117. ;;
118. esac
119. iftest $? -eq 0 ; then
120. echo "${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" shut down."
121. else
122. echo "${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" not shut down."
123. fi
124. }
125. #
126. # Loop for every entry in oratab file andand try to shut down
127. # that ORACLE
128. #
129. # Following loop shuts down 'DatabaseInstance[s]' with 'Y' entry
130. cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
131. do
132. case $LINE in
133. \#*)                ;;        #comment-line in oratab
134. *)
135. ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
136. if[ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
137. # NULL SID - ignore
138. ORACLE_SID=""
139. continue
140. fi
141. #Proceed only if last field is 'Y' or 'W'
142. if[ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "Y" ] ; then
143. if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` != '+' ]; then
144. INST="Database instance"
145. ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
146. LOG=$ORACLE_HOME/shutdown.log
147. echo "Processing $INST \"$ORACLE_SID\": log file$LOG"
148. stopinst >> $LOG 2>&1
149. fi
150. fi
151. ;;
152. esac
153. done
154. #
155. # Following loop shuts down 'DatabaseInstance[s]' with 'W' entry
156. #
157. cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
158. do
159. case $LINE in
160. \#*)                ;;        #comment-line in oratab
161. *)
162. ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
163. if[ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
164. # NULL SID - ignore
165. ORACLE_SID=""
166. continue
167. fi
168. #Proceed only if last field is 'Y' or 'W'
169. if[ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "W" ] ; then
170. if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` != '+' ]; then
171. INST="Database instance"
172. ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
173. LOG=$ORACLE_HOME/shutdown.log
174. echo "Processing $INST \"$ORACLE_SID\": log file$LOG"
175. stopinst >> $LOG 2>&1
176. fi
177. fi
178. ;;
179. esac
180. done
181. #
182. # Following loop shuts down 'ASMInstance[s]'
183. #
184. cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
185. do
186. case$LINE in
187. \#*)                ;;        #comment-line in oratab
188. *)
189. ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
190. if [ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
191. # NULL SID - ignore
192. ORACLE_SID=""
193. continue
194. fi
195. #Proceed only if last field is 'Y'.
196. #Entries whose last field is not Y or N are not DB entry, ignore them.
197. if [ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "Y"] ; then
198. if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` = '+' ]; then
199. INST="ASM instance"
200. ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
201. LOG=$ORACLE_HOME/shutdown.log
202. echo "Processing $INST \"$ORACLE_SID\": log file$LOG"
203. stopinst >> $LOG 2>&1
204. fi
205. fi
206. ;;
207. esac
208. done
209. gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin>

gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin>cat dbshut
#!/bin/sh
#
# $Id: dbshut.sh 22-may-2008.05:19:31arogers Exp $
# Copyright (c) 1991, 2008, Oracle. Allrights reserved.
#

###################################
#
# usage: dbshut $ORACLE_HOME
#
# This script is used to shutdown ORACLEfrom /etc/rc(.local).
# It should ONLY be executed as part of thesystem boot procedure.
#
# This script will shutdown all databaseslisted in the oratab file
# whose third field is a "Y" or"W".  If the third field is setto "Y" and
# there is no ORACLE_SID for an entry (thefirst field is a *),
# then this script will ignore that entry.
#
# This script requires that ASMORACLE_SID's start with a +, and
# that non-ASM instance ORACLE_SID's do notstart with a +.
#
# Note:
# Use ORACLE_TRACE=T for tracing this script.
# Oracle Net Listener is also shutdownusing this script.
#
# The progress log for each instanceshutdown is logged in file
# $ORACLE_HOME/shutdown.log.
#
# On all UNIX platforms except SOLARIS
# ORATAB=/etc/oratab
#
# To configure, update ORATAB withInstances that need to be shutdown
#   Entries are of the form:
#   $ORACLE_SID:$ORACLE_HOME:<N|Y>:
#   An example entry:
#   main:/usr/lib/oracle/emagent_10g:Y
#
#####################################

trap 'exit' 1 2 3
case $ORACLE_TRACE in
  T) set-x ;;
esac

# Set path if path not set (if called from/etc/rc)
SAVE_PATH=/bin:/usr/bin:/etc:${PATH} ;export PATH
SAVE_LLP=$LD_LIBRARY_PATH

# The this to bring down Oracle Net Listener
ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$1
if [ ! $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER ] ; then
  echo"ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER is not SET, unable to auto-stop Oracle NetListener"
 echo "Usage: $0 ORACLE_HOME"
else
 LOG=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/listener.log

  #Set the ORACLE_HOME for the Oracle Net Listener, it gets reset to
  # adifferent ORACLE_HOME for each entry in the oratab.
 export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER

  #Stop Oracle Net Listener
  if[ -f $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr ] ; then
   echo "$0: Stoping Oracle Net Listener" >> $LOG2>&1
   $ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/lsnrctl stop >> $LOG 2>&1 &
 else
   echo "Failed to auto-stop Oracle Net Listener using$ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER/bin/tnslsnr"
  fi
fi

# Set this in accordance with the platform
ORATAB=/etc/oratab
if [ ! $ORATAB ] ; then
 echo "$ORATAB not found"
 exit 1;
fi

# Stops an instance
stopinst() {
 ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
  if[ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
   ORACLE_SID=""
  fi
# Called programs use same database ID
 export ORACLE_SID
 ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
# Called scripts use same home directory
 export ORACLE_HOME
# Put $ORACLE_HOME/bin into PATH andexport.
 PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin:${SAVE_PATH} ; export PATH
# add for bug 652997
 LD_LIBRARY_PATH=${ORACLE_HOME}/lib:${SAVE_LLP} ; export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
 PFILE=${ORACLE_HOME}/dbs/init${ORACLE_SID}.ora

# See if it is a V6 or V7 database
 VERSION=undef
  if[ -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqldba ] ; then
   SQLDBA=sqldba
   VERSION=`$ORACLE_HOME/bin/sqldba command=exit | awk '
     /SQL\*DBA: (Release|Version)/ {split($3, V, ".") ;
     print V[1]}'`
   case $VERSION in
     "6") ;;
     *) VERSION="internal" ;;
   esac
 else
   if [ -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/svrmgrl ] ; then
     SQLDBA=svrmgrl
     VERSION="internal"
   else
     SQLDBA="sqlplus /nolog"
    fi
  fi

 case $VERSION in
   "6")  sqldbacommand=shutdown ;;
   "internal")  $SQLDBA<<EOF
connect internal
shutdown immediate
EOF
    ;;
    *)  $SQLDBA <<EOF
connect / as sysdba
shutdown immediate
quit
EOF
    ;;
 esac

  iftest $? -eq 0 ; then
   echo "${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" shut down."
 else
   echo "${INST} \"${ORACLE_SID}\" not shut down."
  fi
}

#
# Loop for every entry in oratab file andand try to shut down
# that ORACLE
#
# Following loop shuts down 'DatabaseInstance[s]' with 'Y' entry

cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
do
 case $LINE in
 \#*)                ;;        #comment-line in oratab
  *)
 ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
  if[ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
     # NULL SID - ignore
     ORACLE_SID=""
     continue
  fi
  #Proceed only if last field is 'Y' or 'W'
  if[ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "Y" ] ; then
   if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` != '+' ]; then
     INST="Database instance"
     ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
     LOG=$ORACLE_HOME/shutdown.log
     echo "Processing $INST \"$ORACLE_SID\": log file$LOG"
     stopinst >> $LOG 2>&1
   fi
  fi
  ;;
 esac
done

#
# Following loop shuts down 'DatabaseInstance[s]' with 'W' entry
#
cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
do
 case $LINE in
 \#*)                ;;        #comment-line in oratab
  *)
 ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
  if[ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
     # NULL SID - ignore
     ORACLE_SID=""
     continue
  fi
  #Proceed only if last field is 'Y' or 'W'
  if[ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "W" ] ; then
   if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` != '+' ]; then
     INST="Database instance"
     ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
     LOG=$ORACLE_HOME/shutdown.log
     echo "Processing $INST \"$ORACLE_SID\": log file$LOG"
     stopinst >> $LOG 2>&1
   fi
  fi
  ;;
 esac
done

#
# Following loop shuts down 'ASMInstance[s]'
#

cat $ORATAB | while read LINE
do
  case$LINE in
   \#*)                ;;        #comment-line in oratab
   *)
   ORACLE_SID=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $1}' -`
   if [ "$ORACLE_SID" = '*' ] ; then
     # NULL SID - ignore
     ORACLE_SID=""
     continue
   fi
    #Proceed only if last field is 'Y'.
    #Entries whose last field is not Y or N are not DB entry, ignore them.
   if [ "`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $NF}' -`" = "Y"] ; then
     if [ `echo $ORACLE_SID | cut -b 1` = '+' ]; then
       INST="ASM instance"
       ORACLE_HOME=`echo $LINE | awk -F: '{print $2}' -`
       LOG=$ORACLE_HOME/shutdown.log
       echo "Processing $INST \"$ORACLE_SID\": log file$LOG"
       stopinst >> $LOG 2>&1
     fi
   fi
  ;;
 esac
done
gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin>

通过以上信息，我们可以看出，我们只需要修改/etc/oratab脚本就可以了，dbstart 和dbshut命令可以从/etc/oratab里获取需要的参数值。

三.DB 开机自启动示例

3.1 修改/etc/oratab的值为Y

gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin>ll /etc/oratab

-rw-rw-r-- 1 oracle oinstall 722 Jan 3020:36 /etc/oratab

gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin>cat /etc/oratab

#

gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1:Y

3.2 修改dbstart的ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER，使其指向$ORACLE_HOME:

# First argument is used to bring up OracleNet Listener

ORACLE_HOME_LISTNER=$ORACLE_HOME

3.3  用root用户在rc.local里添加如下内容：

[root@gg1 ~]# cat /etc/rc.local

#!/bin/sh

#

# This script will be executed *after* allthe other init scripts.

# You can put your own initialization stuffin here if you don't

# want to do the full Sys V style initstuff.

touch /var/lock/subsys/local

su - oracle -c"/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin/dbstart"

su - oracle -c"/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin/emctl start dbconsole"

这里注意必须用oracle 用户来启动脚本。

3.4 reboot 系统，Oracle就自动启动了。

在我们的配置中，启动的包括监听，实例和OEM。

启动日志如下：

gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1>cat startup.log

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin/dbstart:Starting up database "gg1"

Mon Jan 30 20:48:26 CST 2012

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.3.0 Production onMon Jan 30 20:48:31 2012

Copyright (c) 1982, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

SQL> Connected to an idle instance.

SQL> ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area  939495424 bytes

Fixed Size                  2233960 bytes

Variable Size             675285400 bytes

Database Buffers          255852544 bytes

Redo Buffers                6123520 bytes

Database mounted.

Database opened.

SQL> Disconnected from Oracle Database11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.3.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining andReal Application Testing options

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin/dbstart:Database instance "gg1" warm started.

gg1:/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1>cat listener.log

/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin/dbstart:Starting Oracle Net Listener

LSNRCTL for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 -Production on 30-JAN-2012 21:24:37

Copyright (c) 1991, 2011, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Starting /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/bin/tnslsnr:please wait...

TNSLSNR for Linux: Version 11.2.0.3.0 -Production

System parameter file is/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

Log messages written to/u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/gg1/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening on:(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=gg1)(PORT=1521)))

Listening on:(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

Connecting to(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=TCP)(HOST=gg1)(PORT=1521)))

STATUS of the LISTENER

------------------------

Alias                     LISTENER

Version                   TNSLSNR for Linux: Version11.2.0.3.0 - Production

Start Date                30-JAN-2012 21:24:40

Uptime                    0 days 0 hr. 0 min. 1 sec

Trace Level               off

Security                  ON: Local OS Authentication

SNMP                      OFF

Listener Parameter File  /u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0.3/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora

Listener Log File         /u01/app/oracle/diag/tnslsnr/gg1/listener/alert/log.xml

Listening Endpoints Summary...

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=tcp)(HOST=gg1)(PORT=1521)))

(DESCRIPTION=(ADDRESS=(PROTOCOL=ipc)(KEY=EXTPROC1521)))

The listener supports no services

The command completed successfully