freemark就是一个对静态页面上的标签进行动态解析、填充数据的一个框架。

  • 语法(转：http://zhuyuehua.iteye.com/blog/1975251)： 

1. freemarker获取list的size ：
Java

ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();

Freemaker

${list?size}

2. list的遍历：

<#list animals as being>

<tr>

<td>${being.name}${being.price}<td>

</tr>

</#list>

3. 遍历MAP 

<#list map?keys as k>

<option value="${k}">${map[k]}</option>

</#list>

4.list遍历中的下标序号：

_index是list的一个属性

<#list list as a>

${a_index}

</#list>

5.取LIST中第i个元素的值

${list[i]}

嵌套时前面要有括号，如下，将字符串变成list，然后取第i个元素的值

${(str?split(","))[i]}

6. list的嵌套：

<#list jsskList as jsskVO>

<#list kcList as kcVO>

<#if kcVO.kch=jsskVO.kch> （kcVO里有编号和名称，而jsskVO里只有编号）

${kcVO.kcm}

</#if>

</#list>

</#list>

7. list排序：

升序 .sort_by()

<#list list?sort_by("字段") as x>

</#list>

降序 .sort_by()?reverse

<#list list?sort_by("字段")?reverse as x>

</#list>

8.item_has_next,size使用：

<#list userList as user>

    <#if !user_has_next>

    共有${userList?size}最后一个用户是:${user.userName}

    </#if>

</#list>
  • 实际项目中的用法：

\My-SSH-Blog\WebContent\blog\template\template.ftl

  <!DOCTYPE HTML>

 <html lang="zh-CN">

 <head>

     <meta charset="UTF-8">

     <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1,user-scalable=no">

     <title>DX博客</title>

     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="${contextPath}/style.css" />

     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" media="all" href="${contextPath}/style/css/font-awesome.min.css" />

     <link href="http://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Open+Sans:400,400italic,300italic,300,700,700italic|Open+Sans+Condensed:300,700" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css">

     <!--[if IE 7]>

     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="${contextPath}/style/css/font-awesome-ie7.min.css"/>

     <![endif]-->

     <!--[if IE 8]>

     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="${contextPath}/style/css/ie8.css" media="all" />

     <![endif]-->

     <!--[if IE 9]>

     <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="${contextPath}/style/css/ie9.css" media="all" />

     <![endif]-->

     <script type="text/javascript" src="${contextPath}/style/js/jquery-1.7.2.min.js"></script>

     <script type="text/javascript" src="${contextPath}/style/js/ddsmoothmenu.js"></script>

     <script type="text/javascript" src="${contextPath}/style/js/retina.js"></script>

     <script type="text/javascript" src="${contextPath}/style/js/selectnav.js"></script>

     <script type="text/javascript" src="${contextPath}/style/js/jquery.backstretch.min.js"></script>

     <script type="text/javascript">

         $.backstretch("${contextPath}/style/images/bg/16.jpg");

     </script>

 </head>

 <body>

 <div class="scanlines"></div>

 <div class="header-wrapper opacity">

     <div class="header">

         <div class="logo">

             <a href="${contextPath}">

                 <h1>DX博客</h1>

             </a>

         </div>

         <div id="menu-wrapper">

             <div id="menu" class="menu">

                 <ul id="tiny">

                     <li class="active">

                         <a href="${contextPath}">博客</a>

                         <ul>

                             <li><a href="${contextPath}/listArticle.action">所有博文</a></li>

                         </ul>

                     </li>

                     <li>

                         <a href="#" title="进入我的Github">Github</a>

                     </li>

                     <li>

                         <a href="#" title="进入我的CSDN博客">CSDN博客</a>

                     </li>

                     <li>

                         <a href="${contextPath}/commentUI.action" title="给我留言">留言板</a>

                     </li>

                     <li><a href="">Menu</a>

                         <ul>

                             <li><a href="/s/">短网址</a></li>

                             <li><a href="/WorkUpload/">作业提交系统</a></li>

                         </ul>

                     </li>

                 </ul>

             </div>

         </div>

         <div class="clear"></div>

     </div>

 </div>

 <div class="wrapper"><!--

     <ul class="social">

         <li><a class="rss" href="#" title="博客订阅"></a></li>

         <li><a class="qq" href="#" title="QQ"></a></li>

         <li><a class="weibo" href="#" title="新浪微博"></a></li>

         <li><a class="wechat" href="${contextPath}/public/wechat.jsp" title="微信"></a></li>

         <li><a class="email" href="#" title="邮件"></a></li>

         <li><a class="phone" href="#" title="手机"></a></li>

     </ul>

     <div class="intro">Intro...</div>

 -->

     <div class="content box">

         <h1 class="title article-title">${title}</h1>

         <div class="info">

             <div><a href="${listCategoryArticle}" title="查看该类型博文"><i class="icon-folder-open-alt"></i>：${categoryName}</a></div>

             <div><a href=""><i class="icon-user"></i>：${author}</a></div>

             <div><i class="icon-time"></i>：${time}</div>

         </div>

         ${typeString}

         ${content}

         ${typeString}

         <div class="record">

             <div>

                 <a id="looked" href=""><i class="icon-eye-open"></i> ${looked} 已阅</a>

             </div>

             &nbsp;&nbsp;

             <div>

                 <a id="likes" href="javascript:like('${contextPath}/likeAction.action?artid=${articleId}')"><i class="icon-heart-empty"></i> ${likes} 喜爱</a>

             </div>

             <a class="comment-btn" href="javascript:onComment('#')"><i class="icon-comments"></i> 给我留言</a>

         </div>

         <div class="last-next">

             <div>

                 <a href="${lastArticle.staticUrl}" title="上一篇">

                     <i class="icon-double-angle-left"></i>${lastArticle.title}

                 </a>

             </div>

             <div>

                 <a href="${nextArticle.staticUrl}" title="下一篇">

                     <i class="icon-double-angle-right"></i>${nextArticle.title}

                 </a>

             </div>

         </div>

     </div>

     <div class="sidebar box">

         <div class="sidebox widget">

             <h3 class="widget-title">最近更新</h3>

             <ul class="post-list">

                 <#list lastArticlesList as la>

                     <li>

                         <div class="meta">

                             <h5><a href="${contextPath}${la.staticUrl}.html">${la.title}</a></h5>

                             <em>${la.createDate?string("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss")}</em>

                         </div>

                     </li>

                 </#list>

                 <li class="more"><a href="${contextPath}/listArticle.action">more</a></li>

             </ul>

         </div>

         <div class="sidebox widget">

             <h3 class="widget-title"><i class="icon-search icon"></i></h3>

             <form class="searchform" method="post" action="#">

                 <input type="text" name="key" value="输入关键字搜索博客..." onFocus="this.value=''" onBlur="this.value='输入关键字搜索博客...'"/>

             </form>

         </div>

         <div class="sidebox widget">

             <h3 class="widget-title categories">分类</h3>

             <ul class="categories">

                 <#list categoryList as cl>

                     <li><a href="${contextPath}/listArticle.action?categoryId=${cl.id}">${cl.title}</a></li>

                 </#list>

             </ul>

         </div>

     </div>

     <div class="clear"></div>

 </div>

 <div class="footer-wrapper">

     <div id="footer" class="four">

         <a href="/s/">短网址</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;

         <a href="/WorkUpload/">作业提交系统</a>&nbsp;&nbsp;

     </div>

 </div>

 <div class="site-generator-wrapper">

     <div class="site-generator">

         Copyright &copy;2017.DX &nbsp;Design by <a href="http://elemisfreebies.com">elemis.</a> All rights reserved.

     </div>

 </div>

 <script type="text/javascript" src="${contextPath}/style/js/scripts.js"></script>

 <script type="text/javascript">

     function onComment(url){

         var form = document.createElement('form');

         form.action = url;

         form.method = "post";

         form.style.display =  "none";

         var input = document.createElement("input");

         input.name = "title";

         input.value = "${title}";

         form.appendChild(input);

         var input2 = document.createElement("input");

         input2.name = "articleId";

         input2.value = "${articleId}";

         form.appendChild(input2);

         document.body.appendChild(form);

         form.submit();

     }

 </script>

 </body>

 </html>

我访问的对应网址：http://localhost:8080/My-SSH-Blog/blog/5/5-4.html，呈现效果：

这里我使用的是一个url重写的方式实现的，因此这里博客文章页面的template.ftl的解析过程是在filter中实现的。

web.xml中定义了filter过滤规则：

 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>

 <web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"

     xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"

     xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"

     id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">

     <display-name>My-SSH-Blog</display-name>

     <welcome-file-list>

         <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>

     </welcome-file-list>

     <error-page>

         <error-code>404</error-code>

         <location>/public/404.html</location>

     </error-page>

     <error-page>

         <error-code>500</error-code>

         <location>/public/500.html</location>

     </error-page>

     <!-- html请求过滤器 -->

     <filter>

         <filter-name>articleFilter</filter-name>

         <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.DelegatingFilterProxy</filter-class>

         <init-param>

             <param-name>targetFilterLifecycle</param-name>

             <param-value>true</param-value>

         </init-param>

     </filter>

     <filter-mapping>

         <filter-name>articleFilter</filter-name>

         <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern>

     </filter-mapping>

     <filter-mapping>

         <filter-name>articleFilter</filter-name>

         <url-pattern>*.htm</url-pattern>

     </filter-mapping>

     <context-param>

         <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>

         <param-value>classpath:applicationContext*.xml</param-value>

     </context-param>

     <!-- 监听session，在线人员信息（登录账户，不包括访客和前台在线用户） -->

     <listener>

         <listener-class>com.dx.ssh.listener.SessionListener</listener-class>

     </listener>

     <!-- Bootstraps the root web application context before servlet initialization -->

     <listener>

         <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>

     </listener>

     <!-- Struts2 filter -->

     <filter>

         <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>

         <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class>

     </filter>

     <filter-mapping>

         <filter-name>struts2</filter-name>

         <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>

     </filter-mapping>

     <session-config>

         <session-timeout>30</session-timeout>

     </session-config>

 </web-app>

ArticleFilter.java

 package com.dx.ssh.filter;

 import java.io.File;

 import java.io.IOException;

 import java.util.Map;

 import java.util.regex.Matcher;

 import java.util.regex.Pattern;

 import javax.servlet.*;

 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;

 import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

 import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;

 import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext;

 import org.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils;

 import com.dx.ssh.service.ArticleService;

 import com.dx.ssh.utils.TemplateUtils;

 import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext;

 public class ArticleFilter implements Filter {

     public static final String ARTICLE_TOKEN = "view";

     private ArticleService articleService;

     public ArticleService getArticleService() {

         return articleService;

     }

     public void setArticleService(ArticleService articleService) {

         this.articleService = articleService;

     }

     // protected Object getBean(ServletContext servletContext, String id) {

     // WebApplicationContext context =

     // WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(servletContext);

     // return context.getBean(id);

     // }

     @Override

     public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

     }

     @Override

     public void destroy() {

     }

     @Override

     public void doFilter(ServletRequest servletRequest, ServletResponse servletResponse, FilterChain filterChain)

             throws IOException, ServletException {

         HttpServletRequest request = (HttpServletRequest) servletRequest;

         HttpServletResponse response = (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse;

         // ArticleService articleService = (ArticleService)

         // this.getBean(request.getServletContext(), "articleService");

         String path = request.getRequestURL().toString();

         // 模式匹配

         Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("/blog/([0-9]+)/([0-9]+)-([0-9]+)");

         Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(path);

         // 不匹配，路径不正确

         if (!matcher.find()) {

             // 路径不对，报错404

             response.sendError(404, "您输入路径的不存在！");

             return;

         }

         // 模版文件绝对路径

         String realPath = request.getServletContext().getRealPath("/");

         // 文件路径

         String filePath = realPath + matcher.group() + ".ftl";

         filePath = realPath + matcher.group() + ".ftl";

         filePath = realPath + "blog/template/template.ftl";

         filePath = filePath.replace("/", "\\");

         filePath = filePath.replace("\\\\", "\\");

         System.out.println(filePath);

         // 查看服务器资源是否存在

         File file = new File(filePath);

         if (!file.exists()) {

             // 路径不对，报错404

             response.sendError(404, "您输入路径的不存在！");

             return;

         }

         // 解析路径中的文章id

         int articleId = Integer.parseInt(matcher.group(3));

         System.out.println("articleId = " + articleId);

         // 防止同一用户session添加多次访问量

         boolean isNew = false;

         // 获取当前用户session

         HttpSession session = request.getSession();

         // 还没看过就能添加访问量

         if (session.getAttribute(ARTICLE_TOKEN + articleId) == null) {

             isNew = true;

             // 设置当前的用户session已经看过文章了

             session.setAttribute(ARTICLE_TOKEN + articleId, "true");

         }

         // 填充模版信息

         Map<String, Object> params = null;

         try {

             // 得到freemarker模版文件所需参数

             params = this.getArticleService().getTemplateParams(articleId, request.getContextPath(), isNew);

             params.put("contextPath", request.getContextPath());

         } catch (Exception e) {

             e.printStackTrace();

         }

         String templateDir = realPath + File.separator + "blog";

         String templateFile = matcher.group(1) + "/" + matcher.group(2) + "-" + matcher.group(3) + ".ftl";

         templateFile = "template/template.ftl";

         boolean result = TemplateUtils.parserTemplate(templateDir, templateFile, params, response.getOutputStream());

         if (!result) {

             // 服务器异常

             response.sendError(500, "服务器未知异常！");

         }

         response.getOutputStream().close();

     }

 }

TemplateUtils.java

 package com.dx.ssh.utils;

 import java.io.File;

 import java.io.IOException;

 import java.io.OutputStream;

 import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;

 import java.util.Map;

 import freemarker.template.Configuration;

 import freemarker.template.Template;

 public class TemplateUtils {

     private static Configuration configuration = null;

     private TemplateUtils() {

     }

     public static Configuration getConfiguration(String templateDir) throws IOException {

         if (configuration == null) {

             configuration = new Configuration();

             configuration.setDirectoryForTemplateLoading(new File(templateDir));

         }

         return configuration;

     }

     /**

      * 向ftl模版中的数据替换

      * */

     public static boolean parserTemplate(String templateDir, String ftlPath, Map<String, Object> map, OutputStream os) {

         try {

             Template template = getConfiguration(templateDir).getTemplate(ftlPath, "UTF-8");

             template.process(map, new OutputStreamWriter(os, "UTF-8"));

             return true;

         } catch (Exception e) {

             e.printStackTrace();

             return false;

         }

     }

 }

模版填充数据类型整理方法：

 /**

      * 得到freemarker模版文件所需参数

      */

     @Override

     public Map<String, Object> getTemplateParams(int articleId, String contextPath, boolean isNew) {

         System.out.println("articleId=" + articleId);

         // 要看的文章

         ArticleEntity article = getArticleDao().findById(articleId);

         if (article == null || article.getId() <= 0)

             return null;

         // 最新三篇文章

         List<ArticleEntity> lastArticles = getArticleDao().findAllLastArticle(3);

         // 所有类别

         List<ArticleCategoryEntity> categories = getArticleCategoryDao().findAll();

         // 下一篇

         ArticleEntity next = null;

         List<ArticleEntity> nextArticles = articleDao.findNextArticle(3, article.getCreateDate());

         if (nextArticles == null || nextArticles.size() <= 0) {

             next = new ArticleEntity();

             next.setStaticUrl("#");

             next.setTitle("这是最后一篇了哦！");

         } else {

             next = nextArticles.get(0);

             next.setStaticUrl(contextPath + next.getStaticUrl() + ".html");

         }

         // 上一篇文章

         ArticleEntity last = null;

         List<ArticleEntity> lastAs = articleDao.findLastArticle(3, article.getCreateDate());

         if (lastAs == null || lastAs.size() <= 0) {

             last = new ArticleEntity();

             last.setStaticUrl("#");

             last.setTitle("这是第一篇哦！");

         } else {

             last = lastAs.get(0);

             last.setStaticUrl(contextPath + last.getStaticUrl() + ".html");

         }

         java.text.SimpleDateFormat format = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss");

         // 封装模版所需参数

         Map<String, Object> params = new HashMap<String, Object>();

         params.put("looked", article.getLooks());

         params.put("articleId", article.getId());

         params.put("time", format.format(article.getCreateDate()));

         params.put("title", article.getTitle());

         params.put("content", article.getContent());

         params.put("typeString", "------------------------------------------------------");

         params.put("author", article.getAuthor());

         params.put("categoryName", getArticleCategoryDao().findById(article.getCategoryId()).getTitle());

         params.put("likes", article.getLikes());

         params.put("listCategoryArticle", contextPath + "/listArticle.action?categoryId=" + article.getCategoryId());

         params.put("lastArticlesList", lastArticles);

         params.put("categoryList", categories);

         params.put("likesURL", contextPath + "/likeAction.action?articleId=" + article.getId());

         params.put("nextArticle", next);

         params.put("lastArticle", last);

         params.put("staticURL", article.getStaticUrl());

         return params;

     }

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