mysql学习之旅

1，mysql安装脚本

 #!/bin/bash
 RSYNC='10.39.2.120::wenhui/database/install'
 CMAKE='cmake-2.8.6.tar.gz'
 MYSQL='mysql-5.5.24.tar.gz'
 MYSQL_DIR='/usr/local/mysql55'
 MYSQL_DATADIR='/data1/mysqldata/mysql3306'
 
 function main(){
     user=`whoami`
     if [ "$user" != "root" ]; then
         echo "please use root to execute this script"
         exit
     fi
 
     module=$
     module_type=$
     case "$1" in
         cmake)
             install_cmake
             ;;
         mysql)
             install_mysql $module_type
             ;;
         *)
             echo "USAGE: $0 MODULE[cmake|mysql] MODULE_TYPE[full|libmysql|mysqlclient]"
     esac
 }
 
 #install cmake
 function install_cmake(){
     echo "begin install cmake"; sleep
     echo "get tar from $RSYNC"
     eval "rsync -avzP $RSYNC/$CMAKE ./"
     dir=`echo $CMAKE | perl -pe 's/\Q.tar.gz\E$//g'`
     eval "test -e $dir && rm -rf $dir"
     eval "tar -zxvf $CMAKE"
     echo "cd to $dir"
     eval "cd $dir"
     ./configure
     make && make install
     cd ..
 }
 
 #install mysql
 function install_mysql(){
     LD_PATH='/etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf'
     INSTALL_TYPE='full'
     if [ "$1" != "" ]; then
         INSTALL_TYPE=$
     fi
 
     echo "begin install mysql $INSTALL_TYPE"; sleep
     echo "get tar from $RSYNC"
     eval "rsync -avzP $RSYNC/$MYSQL ./"
     dir=`echo $MYSQL | perl -pe 's/\Q.tar.gz\E$//g'`
     eval "test -d $dir && rm -rf $dir"
     eval "tar -zxvf $MYSQL"
     echo "cd to $dir"
     eval "cd $dir"
     if [ "$INSTALL_TYPE" == "full" ]; then
         eval "useradd mysql -s /sbin/nologin"
         eval "cmake     -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$MYSQL_DIR \
                         -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
                         -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
                         -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
                         -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE= \
                         -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE= \
                         -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE= \
                         -DWITH_READLINE= \
                         -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE= \
                         -DMYSQL_DATADIR==$MYSQL_DATADIR \
                         -DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
                         -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT= \
                         -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE= \
                         -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
                         -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
              "
         make && make install
 
         #copy configure file
         SCRIPT_DIR="$MYSQL_DIR/start"
         test -d $SCRIPT_DIR || mkdir -p $SCRIPT_DIR
         eval "rsync -avzp $RSYNC/my.cnf $SCRIPT_DIR"
         eval "rsync -avzp $RSYNC/init.sh $SCRIPT_DIR"
 
     elif [ "$INSTALL_TYPE" == "libmysql" ]; then
         eval "cmake     -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$MYSQL_DIR \
                         -DWITHOUT_SERVER=ON
              "
         make && make install
 
     elif [ "$INSTALL_TYPE" == "mysqlclient" ]; then
         eval "cmake     -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=$MYSQL_DIR \
              "
         make mysqlclient libmysql && make install
     fi
 
     echo "add bin path to /etc/bashrc"
     echo "" >> /etc/bashrc
     echo "#mysql envirment" >> /etc/bashrc
     echo "export PATH=\$PATH:$MYSQL_DIR/bin" >> /etc/bashrc
     echo "add ld path to $LD_PATH"
     echo "$MYSQL_DIR/lib" > $LD_PATH
     ldconfig
 }
 
 main $ $

主服务：mysql-server mysql mysql-devel

[root@yz6254 ~]# sh /usr/local/mysql55/start/init.sh 3306 #创建启动脚本

* [root@yz6254 ~]# head install.sh
..............
MYSQL_DIR='/usr/local/mysql55' # 默认数据库安装路径
MYSQL_DATADIR='/data0/mysqldata/mysql3306' # 默认数据库存放路径
...............
* [root@yz6254 ~]# sh install.sh mysql libmysql # 安装libmysqlclient，用于perl,python连mysql数据库使用

==== 安装细节 ======

# cmake
tar zxvf cmake-2.8.6.tar.gz
cd cmake-2.8.6
./configure
make && make install

# Mysql
tar zxvf mysql-5.5.24.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.5.24
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql55 \
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysql.sock \
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DWITH_READLINE=1 \
-DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
-DMYSQL_DATADIR==/data0/mysqldata/mysql3306 \
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql \
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 \
-DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
-DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
-DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all \

make && make install


数据库默认存放路径：/var/lib/mysql

常见操作：
mysql>
mysql> select version();

#支持日常计算
mysql> select 4*4;
+-----+
| 4*4 |
+-----+
| 16 |
+-----+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select 4+4;
+-----+
| 4+4 |
+-----+
| 8 |
+-----+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select current_date;
+--------------+
| current_date |
+--------------+
| 2015-12-06 |
+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> select version(), current_date;
+-----------+--------------+
| version() | current_date |
+-----------+--------------+
| 5.1.73 | 2015-12-06 |
+-----------+--------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

mysql> create database yongsan_test;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> drop database yongsan_test;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.40 sec)

注：数据库名称默认不能更改

 注：数据库名称默认不能更改
 
 数据库默认存放路径：/var/lib/mysql
 
 mysql>
 mysql> create table lc_course(
     -> id int,
     -> course_name varchar(),
     -> course_length int,
     -> teacher varchar(),
     -> category varchar()
     -> );
 
 mysql> show tables;
 +------------------------+
 | Tables_in_yongsan_test |
 +------------------------+
 | lc_course              |
 +------------------------+
  row in set (0.00 sec)
 
 mysql> alter table lc_course rename course
     -> ;
 Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
 mysql> show tables;
 +------------------------+
 | Tables_in_yongsan_test |
 +------------------------+
 | course                 |
 +------------------------+
  row in set (0.00 sec)
 
 mysql> alter table course add link varchar();
 Query OK,  rows affected (0.02 sec)
 Records:   Duplicates:   Warnings: 
 
 mysql> desc course
     -> ;
 +---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 | Field         | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
 +---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 | id            | int()      | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
 | course_name   | varchar() | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
 | course_length | int()      | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
 | teacher       | varchar()  | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
 | category      | varchar() | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
 | link          | varchar() | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
 +---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
 mysql>
 mysql> alter table course modify teacher varchar();
 Query OK,  rows affected (0.03 sec)
 Records:   Duplicates:   Warnings: 
 
 mysql> desc course;
 +---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 | Field         | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
 +---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 | id            | int()      | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
 | course_name   | varchar() | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
 | course_length | int()      | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
 | teacher       | varchar() | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
 | category      | varchar() | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
 | link          | varchar() | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
 +---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
 mysql> alter table course change column teacher lecturn varchar();
 Query OK,  rows affected (0.02 sec)
 Records:   Duplicates:   Warnings:
 mysql> desc course;
 +---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 | Field         | Type         | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
 +---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
 | id            | int()      | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
 | course_name   | varchar() | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
 | course_length | int()      | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
 | lecturn       | varchar() | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
 | category      | varchar() | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
 | link          | varchar() | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
 +---------------+--------------+------+-----+---------+-------+
  rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
 INSERT INTO course VALUES(,'mysql_linux','','alex','basic','ln');
 
 UPDATE course set course_name='yongsan_123' WHERE id=

经典介绍：

mysql> create user yongsan identified by '123qwe';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

 mysql> rename user yongsan to yongsan_1;
 ERROR  (HY000): MySQL server has gone away
 No connection. Trying to reconnect...
 Connection id:
 Current database: mysql
 
 mysql> set password = password('123qwe');
 Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
 mysql> set password for yongsan_1 = password('123qwe');
 Query OK,  rows affected (0.00 sec)
 
 mysql> select * from course;
 +------+-------------+---------------+---------+----------+------+
 | id   | course_name | course_length | lecturn | category | link |
 +------+-------------+---------------+---------+----------+------+
 |     | mysql_linux |             | alex    | basic    | ln   |
 |     | yongsan_123 |          NULL | NULL    | fly      | NULL |
 +------+-------------+---------------+---------+----------+------+
  rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
 mysql>
 mysql>
 mysql>
 mysql> delete from course where id='';
 Query OK,  row affected (0.00 sec)
 
 mysql> select * from course;
 +------+-------------+---------------+---------+----------+------+
 | id   | course_name | course_length | lecturn | category | link |
 +------+-------------+---------------+---------+----------+------+
 |     | mysql_linux |             | alex    | basic    | ln   |
 +------+-------------+---------------+---------+----------+------+
  row in set (0.00 sec)
 
 [yongsan@yz3110 ~]$ mysql -uroot -p yongsan_test < yongsan_test.sql
 Enter password: 
 
 mysql> select * from course;
 +------+-------------+---------------+---------+----------+------+
 | id   | course_name | course_length | lecturn | category | link |
 +------+-------------+---------------+---------+----------+------+
 |     | mysql_linux |             | alex    | basic    | ln   |
 |     | yongsan_123 |          NULL | NULL    | fly      | NULL |
 +------+-------------+---------------+---------+----------+------+
  rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
 mysql> show character set;
 +----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
 | Charset  | Description                 | Default collation   | Maxlen |
 +----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
 | big5     | Big5 Traditional Chinese    | big5_chinese_ci     |       |
 | dec8     | DEC West European           | dec8_swedish_ci     |       |
 | cp850    | DOS West European           | cp850_general_ci    |       |
 | hp8      | HP West European            | hp8_english_ci      |       |
 | koi8r    | KOI8-R Relcom Russian       | koi8r_general_ci    |       |
 | latin1   | cp1252 West European        | latin1_swedish_ci   |       |
 | latin2   | ISO - Central European | latin2_general_ci   |       |
 | swe7     | 7bit Swedish                | swe7_swedish_ci     |       |
 | ascii    | US ASCII                    | ascii_general_ci    |       |
 | ujis     | EUC-JP Japanese             | ujis_japanese_ci    |       |
 | sjis     | Shift-JIS Japanese          | sjis_japanese_ci    |       |
 | hebrew   | ISO - Hebrew           | hebrew_general_ci   |       |
 | tis620   | TIS620 Thai                 | tis620_thai_ci      |       |
 | euckr    | EUC-KR Korean               | euckr_korean_ci     |       |
 | koi8u    | KOI8-U Ukrainian            | koi8u_general_ci    |       |
 | gb2312   | GB2312 Simplified Chinese   | gb2312_chinese_ci   |       |
 | greek    | ISO - Greek            | greek_general_ci    |       |
 | cp1250   | Windows Central European    | cp1250_general_ci   |       |
 | gbk      | GBK Simplified Chinese      | gbk_chinese_ci      |       |
 | latin5   | ISO - Turkish          | latin5_turkish_ci   |       |
 | armscii8 | ARMSCII- Armenian          | armscii8_general_ci |       |
 | utf8     | UTF- Unicode               | utf8_general_ci     |       |
 | ucs2     | UCS- Unicode               | ucs2_general_ci     |       |
 | cp866    | DOS Russian                 | cp866_general_ci    |       |
 | keybcs2  | DOS Kamenicky Czech-Slovak  | keybcs2_general_ci  |       |
 | macce    | Mac Central European        | macce_general_ci    |       |
 | macroman | Mac West European           | macroman_general_ci |       |
 | cp852    | DOS Central European        | cp852_general_ci    |       |
 | latin7   | ISO - Baltic          | latin7_general_ci   |       |
 | cp1251   | Windows Cyrillic            | cp1251_general_ci   |       |
 | cp1256   | Windows Arabic              | cp1256_general_ci   |       |
 | cp1257   | Windows Baltic              | cp1257_general_ci   |       |
 | binary   | Binary pseudo charset       | binary              |       |
 | geostd8  | GEOSTD8 Georgian            | geostd8_general_ci  |       |
 | cp932    | SJIS for Windows Japanese   | cp932_japanese_ci   |       |
 | eucjpms  | UJIS for Windows Japanese   | eucjpms_japanese_ci |       |
 +----------+-----------------------------+---------------------+--------+
  rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
 查看默认字符编码
 mysql> show variables like 'collation%';
 +----------------------+-------------------+
 | Variable_name        | Value             |
 +----------------------+-------------------+
 | collation_connection | utf8_general_ci   |
 | collation_database   | latin1_swedish_ci |
 | collation_server     | latin1_swedish_ci |
 +----------------------+-------------------+
  rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
 mysql> show variables like 'character_set%';
 +--------------------------+----------------------------+
 | Variable_name            | Value                      |
 +--------------------------+----------------------------+
 | character_set_client     | utf8                       |
 | character_set_connection | utf8                       |
 | character_set_database   | latin1                     |
 | character_set_filesystem | binary                     |
 | character_set_results    | utf8                       |
 | character_set_server     | latin1                     |
 | character_set_system     | utf8                       |
 | character_sets_dir       | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
 +--------------------------+----------------------------+
  rows in set (0.00 sec)
 
 mysql> create database lcdb default character set utf8 default collate utf8_general_ci;
 Query OK,  row affected (0.00 sec)
 指定字符编码

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