Handlebars的使用方法文档整理(Handlebars.js)
Handlebars是一款很高效的模版引擎,提供语意化的模版语句,最大的兼容Mustache模版引擎, 提供最大的Mustache模版引擎兼容, 无需学习新语法即可使用;
Handlebars.js和Mustache 的区别
目前版本为 2.0.0, 无压缩的情况下目测是 3000行源代码,约 200kb;
其中 {{ 和 }} 之间为handlerbars的变量;
<div class="entry">
<h1>{{title}}</h1>
<div class="body">
{{body}}
</div>
</div>
<script>
标签中;<script id="entry-template" type="text/x-handlebars-template">
template content
</script>
编译模版
Handlebars.compile
进行编译模版;var source = $("#entry-template").html();
var template = Handlebars.compile(source);
生成html代码
var context = {title: "标题", body: "我是字符串!"}
var html = template(context);
<div class="entry">
<h1>标题</h1>
<div class="body">
我是字符串!
</div>
</div>
//代码如下
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>test</title>
</head>
<body> <script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/1.9.0/jquery.js"></script>
<script src="http://cdn.madebyglutard.com/libs/handlebars.js/2.0.0/handlebars.js"></script> <div id="div1"></div>
<script id="entry-template" type="text/x-handlebars-template">
<div class="entry">
<h1>{{title}}</h1>
<div class="body">
{{body}}
</div>
</div>
</script>
<script>
//JS代码
var source = $("#entry-template").html();
var template = Handlebars.compile(source); var context = {title: "标题", body: "我是字符串!"}
var html = template(context);
document.getElementById("div1").innerHTML = html;
</script> </body>
</html>
//模版的代码和JS的代码如防止HTML被转义的方法;
<div class="entry">
<h1>{{title}}</h1>
<div class="body">
{{{body}}}
</div>
</div>
{
title: "All about <p> Tags",
body: "<p>This is a post about <p> tags</p>"
}
定义的Helper如下
Handlebars.registerHelper('link', function(text, url) {
text = Handlebars.Utils.escapeExpression(text);
url = Handlebars.Utils.escapeExpression(url); var result = '<a href="' + url + '">' + text + '</a>'; return new Handlebars.SafeString(result);
});
<div class="entry">
<h1>All About <p> Tags</h1>
<div class="body">
<p>This is a post about <p> tags</p>
</div>
</div>
//代码如下:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>test</title>
</head>
<body> <script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/1.9.0/jquery.js"></script>
<script src="http://cdn.madebyglutard.com/libs/handlebars.js/2.0.0/handlebars.js"></script> <div id="div2"></div> <script id="entry-template1" type="text/x-handlebars-template">
<div class="entry">
<h1>{{title}}</h1>
<div class="body">
{{{body}}}
</div>
</div>
</script> <script>
Handlebars.registerHelper('link', function(text, url) {
text = Handlebars.Utils.escapeExpression(text);
url = Handlebars.Utils.escapeExpression(url); var result = '<a href="' + url + '">' + text + '</a>'; return new Handlebars.SafeString(result);
});
var source = $("#entry-template1").html();
var template = Handlebars.compile(source);
var context = {
title: "All about <p> Tags",
body: "<p>This is a post about <p> tags</p>"
};
var html = template(context);
document.getElementById("div2").innerHTML = html;
</script>
</body>
</html>
Handlerbars的自定义表达式
{{#list people}}{{firstName}} {{lastName}}{{/list}}
{
people: [
{firstName: "Yehuda", lastName: "Katz"},
{firstName: "Carl", lastName: "Lerche"},
{firstName: "Alan", lastName: "Johnson"}
]
}
Handlebars.registerHelper('list', function(items, options) {
var out = "<ul>"; for(var i=0, l=items.length; i<l; i++) {
out = out + "<li>" + options.fn(items[i]) + "</li> " ; /*options.fn相当于一个编译的函数*/
} return out + "</ul>";
});
<ul>
<li>Yehuda Katz</li>
<li>Carl Lerche</li>
<li>Alan Johnson</li>
</ul>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>test</title>
</head>
<body> <script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/1.9.0/jquery.js"></script>
<script src="http://cdn.madebyglutard.com/libs/handlebars.js/2.0.0/handlebars.js"></script> <div id="div3"></div>
<script id="entry-template2" type="text/x-handlebars-template">
{{! 这个是模版的注释 }}
{{#list people}}{{firstName}} {{lastName}}{{/list}}
</script>
<script>
Handlebars.registerHelper('list', function(items, options) {
var out = "<ul>"; for(var i=0, l=items.length; i<l; i++) {
out = out + "<li>" + options.fn(items[i]) + "</li> " ; /*options.fn相当于一个编译的函数*/
} return out + "</ul>";
}); var source = $("#entry-template2").html();
var template = Handlebars.compile(source);
var context = {
people: [
{firstName: "Yehuda", lastName: "Katz"},
{firstName: "Carl", lastName: "Lerche"},
{firstName: "Alan", lastName: "Johnson"}
]
};
var html = template(context);
document.getElementById("div3").innerHTML = html;
</script> </body>
</html>
Handlebars次级数据的渲染
<p>{{name}}</p>
<div class="entry">
<h1>{{title}}</h1>
<h2>By {{author.name}}</h2> <div class="body">
{{body}}
</div>
</div>
var context = {
title: "My First Blog Post!",
author: {
id: 47,
name: "Yehuda Katz"
},
body: "My first post. Wheeeee!"
};
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>test</title>
</head>
<body> <script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/1.9.0/jquery.js"></script>
<script src="http://cdn.madebyglutard.com/libs/handlebars.js/2.0.0/handlebars.js"></script> <div id="div4">
</div>
<script id="entry-template3" type="text/x-handlebars-template">
<div class="entry">
<h1>{{title}}</h1>
<h2>By {{author.name}}</h2> <div class="body">
{{body}}
</div>
</div>
</script>
<script>
var source = $("#entry-template3").html();
var template = Handlebars.compile(source);
var context = {
title: "My First Blog Post!",
author: {
id: 47,
name: "Yehuda Katz"
},
body: "My first post. Wheeeee!"
};
var html = template(context);
document.getElementById("div4").innerHTML = html;
</script> </body>
</html>
<h1>Comments</h1> <div id="comments">
{{#each comments}}
<h2><a href="/posts/{{../permalink}}#{{id}}">{{title}}</a></h2>
<div>{{body}}</div>
{{/each}}
</div>
<p>{{./name}} or {{this/name}} or {{this.name}}</p>
Handlebars模版中的注释可以使用 {{!-- --}}
或者 {{! }}
或者 <!-- -->.
<div class="entry">
{{!-- only output this author names if an author exists --}}
{{#if author}}
<h1>{{firstName}} {{lastName}}</h1>
{{/if}}
</div>
<div class="entry">
{{! This comment will not be in the output }}
<!-- This comment will be in the output -->
</div>
自定义标签(Helpers)
Handlebars.registerHelper
注册到即可; 上代码:
<div class="post">
<h1>By {{fullName author}}</h1>
<div class="body">{{body}}</div> <h1>Comments</h1> {{#each comments}}
<h2>By {{fullName author}}</h2>
<div class="body">{{body}}</div>
{{/each}}
</div>
var context = {
author: {firstName: "Alan", lastName: "Johnson"},
body: "I Love Handlebars",
comments: [{
author: {firstName: "Yehuda", lastName: "Katz"},
body: "Me too!"
}]
}; //就是下面这个helper提供了模版中的自定义标签;
Handlebars.registerHelper('fullName', function(person) {
return person.firstName + " " + person.lastName;
});
<div class="post">
<h1>By Alan Johnson</h1>
<div class="body">I Love Handlebars</div> <h1>Comments</h1> <h2>By Yehuda Katz</h2>
<div class="body">Me Too!</div>
</div>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>test</title>
</head>
<body> <script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/1.9.0/jquery.js"></script>
<script src="http://cdn.madebyglutard.com/libs/handlebars.js/2.0.0/handlebars.js"></script> <div id="div5"></div>
<script id="entry-template5" type="text/x-handlebars-template">
<div class="post">
<h1>By {{fullName author}}</h1>
<div class="body">{{body}}</div> <h1>Comments</h1> {{#each comments}}
<h2>By {{fullName author}}</h2>
<div class="body">{{body}}</div>
{{/each}}
</div>
</script>
<script>
var context = {
author: {firstName: "Alan", lastName: "Johnson"},
body: "I Love Handlebars",
comments: [{
author: {firstName: "Yehuda", lastName: "Katz"},
body: "Me too!"
}]
}; //就是下面这个helper提供了模版中的自定义标签;
Handlebars.registerHelper('fullName', function(person) {
return person.firstName + " " + person.lastName;
}); var source = $("#entry-template5").html();
var template = Handlebars.compile(source);
var html = template(context);
document.getElementById("div5").innerHTML = html;
</script> </body>
</html>
<ul>
{{#each items}}
<li>{{agree_button}}</li>
{{/each}}
</ul>
var context = {
items: [
{name: "Handlebars", emotion: "love"},
{name: "Mustache", emotion: "enjoy"},
{name: "Ember", emotion: "want to learn"}
]
}; Handlebars.registerHelper('agree_button', function() {
var emotion = Handlebars.escapeExpression(this.emotion),
name = Handlebars.escapeExpression(this.name); return new Handlebars.SafeString(
"<button>I agree. I " + emotion + " " + name + "</button>"
);
});
<ul>
<li><button>I agree. I love Handlebars</button></li>
<li><button>I agree. I enjoy Mustache</button></li>
<li><button>I agree. I want to learn Ember</button></li>
</ul>
return new Handlebars.SafeString(代码)
自定义标签(Helpers)的更多信息;
if 在模版中进行简单的逻辑处理; 以及迭代处理的标签
each .
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>test</title>
</head>
<body> <script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/1.9.0/jquery.js"></script>
<script src="http://cdn.madebyglutard.com/libs/handlebars.js/2.0.0/handlebars.js"></script> <div id="div6"></div>
<script id="entry-template6" type="text/x-handlebars-template">
{{#list people}}{{firstName}} {{lastName}}{{/list}}
</script>
<script>
var context = {
people: [
{firstName: "Yehuda", lastName: "Katz"},
{firstName: "Carl", lastName: "Lerche"},
{firstName: "Alan", lastName: "Johnson"}
]
};
Handlebars.registerHelper('list', function(items, options) {
var out = "<ul>"; for(var i=0, l=items.length; i<l; i++) {
out = out + "<li>" + options.fn(items[i]) + "</li>";
} return out + "</ul>";
}); var source = $("#entry-template6").html();
var template = Handlebars.compile(source);
var html = template(context);
document.getElementById("div6").innerHTML = html;
</script> </body>
</html>
//handlebars的IF ELSE语句和 each语句的例子:
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml">
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" />
<title>test</title>
</head>
<body> <script src="http://libs.baidu.com/jquery/1.9.0/jquery.js"></script>
<script src="http://cdn.madebyglutard.com/libs/handlebars.js/2.0.0/handlebars.js"></script> <div id="div7"></div>
<script id="entry-template7" type="text/x-handlebars-template">
{{#if haveIf}}我有If{{else}}我没有If{{/if}}; {{#each arr}}
<p>{{this.a}} > > <span>this.data</span></p>
{{/each}} {{!迭代这条对象}}
{{#each test}}
{{!如果满足条件就打印第一个模版, 如果不满足条件就打印第二个模版, helper做的只是对数据进行判断而已}}
{{#inverse}}
<p>{{this.direct}}</p>
{{else}}
<p>inverse:{{this.inverse}}</p>
{{/inverse}}
{{/each}}
</script>
<script>
var context = {
haveIf : true,
arr : [
{ a : "a" , data : "___a"},
{ a : "b" , data : "___b"},
{ a : "c" , data : "___c"}
],
test : [
{
condition : true,
direct : "打印dir"
},
{
condition : false,
direct : "dir",
inverse : "打印inverse"
}
]
};
Handlebars.registerHelper('inverse', function(options) {
if( this.condition ) {
return options.fn(this);
}else{
return options.inverse(this);
}
});
var source = $("#entry-template7").html();
var template = Handlebars.compile(source);
var html = template(context);
document.getElementById("div7").innerHTML = html;
</script>
</body>
</html>
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