Maven 版 JPA 最佳实践(转)
项目结构图
数据库环境
- 数据库:MySQL
- 版本:5.x
- 数据库名:jpa-demo
- 用户名密码:root/1234
代码清单 1:数据库脚本:
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/* Navicat MySQL Data Transfer Source Server : localhost Source Server Version : 50525 Source Host : localhost:3306 Source Database : jpa-demo Target Server Type : MYSQL Target Server Version : 50525 File Encoding : 65001 Date: 2014-11-20 20:09:27 */ SET FOREIGN_KEY_CHECKS= 0 ; -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for `address` -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `address`; CREATE TABLE `address` ( `addressID` int ( 11 ) NOT NULL, `city` varchar( 55 ) NOT NULL, `street` varchar( 55 ) NOT NULL, `zip` varchar( 8 ) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`addressID`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of address -- ---------------------------- INSERT INTO `address` VALUES ( '1' , '深圳' , '坂田市场' , '518001' ); INSERT INTO `address` VALUES ( '2' , '深圳' , '坂田路口' , '518002' ); INSERT INTO `address` VALUES ( '3' , '深圳' , '四季花城' , '518003' ); -- ---------------------------- -- Table structure for `userinfo` -- ---------------------------- DROP TABLE IF EXISTS `userinfo`; CREATE TABLE `userinfo` ( `userID` int ( 11 ) NOT NULL, `username` varchar( 20 ) NOT NULL, `birthday` datetime DEFAULT NULL, `sex` varchar( 8 ) NOT NULL, `addressID` int ( 11 ) NOT NULL, PRIMARY KEY (`userID`) ) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8; -- ---------------------------- -- Records of userinfo -- ---------------------------- INSERT INTO `userinfo` VALUES ( '1' , '张金雄' , null , 'male' , '1' ); INSERT INTO `userinfo` VALUES ( '2' , '李某某' , null , 'male' , '2' ); INSERT INTO `userinfo` VALUES ( '3' , '王某某' , '2006-08-10 00:00:00' , 'female' , '3' ); INSERT INTO `userinfo` VALUES ( '4' , '陈某某' , '2006-08-12 00:00:00' , 'male' , '3' ); |
源代码
代码清单 2:pom.xml
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<project xmlns= "http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi= "http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" <modelVersion> 4.0 . 0 </modelVersion> <groupId>com.coderdream</groupId> <artifactId>jpa-demo</artifactId> <packaging>war</packaging> <version> 0.0 . 1 -SNAPSHOT</version> <name>jpa-demo Maven Webapp</name> <url>http: //maven.apache.org</url> <properties> <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF- 8 </project.build.sourceEncoding> <junit.version> 4.11 </junit.version> <mysql.version> 5.1 . 17 </mysql.version> <slf.version> 1.7 . 5 </slf.version> <toplink.essentials.version> 2.1 -60f</toplink.essentials.version> </properties> <dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>junit</groupId> <artifactId>junit</artifactId> <version>${junit.version}</version> <scope>test</scope> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>toplink.essentials</groupId> <artifactId>toplink-essentials</artifactId> <version>${toplink.essentials.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>toplink.essentials</groupId> <artifactId>toplink-essentials-agent</artifactId> <version>${toplink.essentials.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> <version>${slf.version}</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>mysql</groupId> <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> <version>${mysql.version}</version> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <finalName>jpa-demo</finalName> </build> </project> |
代码清单 3:persistence.xml
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<?xml version= "1.0" encoding= "UTF-8" ?> <persistence xmlns= "http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence" xsi:schemaLocation="http: //java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence http: //java.sun.com/xml/ns/persistence/persistence_1_0.xsd" version= "1.0" > <persistence-unit name= "piscesPU" transaction-type= "RESOURCE_LOCAL" > <provider> oracle.toplink.essentials.PersistenceProvider </provider> < class >com.coderdream.model.UserInfo</ class > < class >com.coderdream.model.Address</ class > <properties> <!-- 数据库连接配置, JDBC驱动 --> <property name= "toplink.jdbc.driver" value= "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver" /> <!-- 数据库连接配置,URL --> <!-- 数据库连接配置, 用户名 --> <property name= "toplink.jdbc.user" value= "root" /> <!-- 数据库连接配置, 密码 --> <property name= "toplink.jdbc.password" value= "1234" /> </properties> </persistence-unit> </persistence> |
代码清单 4:Address.java
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package com.coderdream.model; import java.io.Serializable; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.Id; @Entity public class Address implements Serializable { // 地址id, 不能为空, 必须唯一 @Id @Column (name = "addressid" , unique = true , nullable = false ) private int addressid; // 城市, 不能为空 @Column (name = "city" , nullable = false ) private String city; // 街道, 不能为空 @Column (name = "street" , nullable = false ) private String street; // 邮政编码, 不能为空 @Column (name = "zip" , nullable = false ) private String zip; public Address() { } public Address( int addressid) { this .setAddressid(addressid); } public int getAddressid() { return this .addressid; } public void setAddressid( int addressid) { this .addressid = addressid; } public String getCity() { return this .city; } public void setCity(String city) { this .city = city; } public String getStreet() { return street; } public void setStreet(String street) { this .street = street; } public String getZip() { return this .zip; } public void setZip(String zip) { this .zip = zip; } @Override public int hashCode() { return this .addressid; } @Override public boolean equals(Object object) { if (!(object instanceof Address)) return false ; final Address other = (Address) object; return this .addressid == other.addressid; } @Override public String toString() { return "Address[addressid=" + getAddressid() + ", city='" + getCity() + "', street='" + getStreet() + "', zip='" + getZip() + "" ; } } |
代码清单 5:UserInfo.java
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package com.coderdream.model; import java.io.Serializable; import java.sql.Timestamp; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.JoinColumn; import javax.persistence.OneToOne; import static javax.persistence.CascadeType.*; @Entity public class UserInfo implements Serializable { // 用户id, 不能为空, 必须唯一 @Id @Column (name = "userid" , unique = true , nullable = false ) private int userid; // 用户名, 不能为空 @Column (name = "userName" , nullable = false ) private String userName; // 性别, 不能为空 @Column (name = "sex" , nullable = false ) private String sex; // 出生日期, 可以为空 @Column (name = "birthday" ) private Timestamp birthday; // 地址, 不能为空 // PERSIST 表示更新、新增UserInfo数据时会同时更新、新增Address的数据 // REMOVE 表示从数据库删除UserInfo会同时删除Address表中对应的数据 @OneToOne (cascade = { PERSIST, REMOVE }) @JoinColumn (name = "addressID" , nullable = false ) private Address address; public UserInfo() { } public UserInfo( int userid) { this .setUserid(userid); } @Override public int hashCode() { return this .getUserid(); } @Override public boolean equals(Object object) { if (!(object instanceof UserInfo)) return false ; final UserInfo other = (UserInfo) object; return this .userid == other.userid; } @Override public String toString() { return "UserInfo[userid=" + this .userid + ", userName='" + userName + "', sex='" + sex + "', birthday=" + birthday + ", address=" + address + "" ; } public int getUserid() { return userid; } public void setUserid( int userid) { this .userid = userid; } public String getUserName() { return userName; } public void setUserName(String userName) { this .userName = userName; } public Timestamp getBirthday() { return birthday; } public void setBirthday(Timestamp birthday) { this .birthday = birthday; } public String getSex() { return sex; } public void setSex(String sex) { this .sex = sex; } public Address getAddress() { return address; } public void setAddress(Address address) { this .address = address; } } |
代码清单 6:SimpleService.java
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package com.coderdream.service; import java.util.List; import javax.persistence.EntityManager; import javax.persistence.EntityManagerFactory; import javax.persistence.Persistence; import com.coderdream.model.Address; import com.coderdream.model.UserInfo; public class SimpleService { /** * 删除用户id=6的数据 */ public static void delete() { final EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory( "piscesPU" ); final EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager(); // 找不到数据的话这里会抛异常 UserInfo info = em.find(UserInfo. class , 6 ); try { em.getTransaction().begin(); em.remove(info); em.getTransaction().commit(); } finally { em.close(); } } /** * 修改用户id=6的数据 */ public static void update() { final EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory( "piscesPU" ); final EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager(); // 找不到数据的话这里会抛异常 UserInfo info = em.find(UserInfo. class , 6 ); info.setUserName( "哈哈" ); info.getAddress().setStreet( "坂田2" ); try { em.getTransaction().begin(); // 自动将info更新到数据库 em.getTransaction().commit(); } finally { em.close(); } } /** * 查询所有用户数据 */ public static void query() { final EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory( "piscesPU" ); long s = System.currentTimeMillis(); // 数据库连接失败这里会抛出异常 final EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager(); long e = System.currentTimeMillis(); System.out.println( "连接数据库耗时: " + (e - s) + "毫秒" ); // 获取数据 @SuppressWarnings ( "unchecked" ) List<UserInfo> list = em.createQuery( "SELECT a FROM UserInfo a" ).getResultList(); int i = 0 ; for (UserInfo info : list) { System.out.println( "第" + (++i) + "个值为: " + info); } em.close(); } /** * 创建用户id=6的一条数据, 地址id=6 */ public static void create() { final EntityManagerFactory emf = Persistence.createEntityManagerFactory( "piscesPU" ); final EntityManager em = emf.createEntityManager(); UserInfo info = new UserInfo( 6 ); info.setSex( "male" ); info.setUserName( "张某某" ); info.setBirthday( new java.sql.Timestamp(System.currentTimeMillis())); Address naddr = new Address( 6 ); naddr.setCity( "深圳" ); naddr.setStreet( "坂田" ); naddr.setZip( "518000" ); info.setAddress(naddr); try { em.getTransaction().begin(); em.persist(info); em.getTransaction().commit(); } finally { em.close(); } } /** * 主函数 */ public static void main(String[] args) throws Throwable { SimpleService.query(); SimpleService.create(); System.out.println( "新增一条数据后进行查询" ); SimpleService.query(); SimpleService.update(); System.out.println( "修改一条数据后进行查询" ); SimpleService.query(); SimpleService.delete(); System.out.println( "删除一条数据后进行查询" ); SimpleService.query(); } } |
运行结果
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[TopLink Info]: 2014.11 . 20 08 : 24 : 08.134 --ServerSession( 1112823384 )--TopLink, version: Oracle TopLink Essentials - 2.1 (Build 60f ( 01 / 07 / 2009 )) [TopLink Info]: 2014.11 . 20 08 : 24 : 08.822 --ServerSession( 1112823384 )--file:/E:/E_441_64/workspace/jpa-demo/target/classes/-piscesPU login successful 连接数据库耗时: 1264 毫秒 第 1 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 1 , userName= '张金雄' , sex= 'male' , birthday= null , address=Address[addressid= 1 , city= '深圳' , street= '坂田市场' , zip=' 518001 第 2 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 2 , userName= '李某某' , sex= 'male' , birthday= null , address=Address[addressid= 2 , city= '深圳' , street= '坂田路口' , zip=' 518002 第 3 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 3 , userName= '王某某' , sex= 'female' , birthday= 2006 - 08 - 10 00 : 00 : 00.0 , address=Address[addressid= 3 , city= '深圳' , street= '四季花城' , zip=' 518003 第 4 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 4 , userName= '陈某某' , sex= 'male' , birthday= 2006 - 08 - 12 00 : 00 : 00.0 , address=Address[addressid= 3 , city= '深圳' , street= '四季花城' , zip=' 518003 新增一条数据后进行查询 连接数据库耗时: 0 毫秒 第 1 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 1 , userName= '张金雄' , sex= 'male' , birthday= null , address=Address[addressid= 1 , city= '深圳' , street= '坂田市场' , zip=' 518001 第 2 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 2 , userName= '李某某' , sex= 'male' , birthday= null , address=Address[addressid= 2 , city= '深圳' , street= '坂田路口' , zip=' 518002 第 3 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 3 , userName= '王某某' , sex= 'female' , birthday= 2006 - 08 - 10 00 : 00 : 00.0 , address=Address[addressid= 3 , city= '深圳' , street= '四季花城' , zip=' 518003 第 4 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 4 , userName= '陈某某' , sex= 'male' , birthday= 2006 - 08 - 12 00 : 00 : 00.0 , address=Address[addressid= 3 , city= '深圳' , street= '四季花城' , zip=' 518003 第 5 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 6 , userName= '张某某' , sex= 'male' , birthday= 2014 - 11 - 20 20 : 24 : 09.102 , address=Address[addressid= 6 , city= '深圳' , street= '坂田' , zip=' 518000 修改一条数据后进行查询 连接数据库耗时: 0 毫秒 第 1 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 1 , userName= '张金雄' , sex= 'male' , birthday= null , address=Address[addressid= 1 , city= '深圳' , street= '坂田市场' , zip=' 518001 第 2 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 2 , userName= '李某某' , sex= 'male' , birthday= null , address=Address[addressid= 2 , city= '深圳' , street= '坂田路口' , zip=' 518002 第 3 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 3 , userName= '王某某' , sex= 'female' , birthday= 2006 - 08 - 10 00 : 00 : 00.0 , address=Address[addressid= 3 , city= '深圳' , street= '四季花城' , zip=' 518003 第 4 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 4 , userName= '陈某某' , sex= 'male' , birthday= 2006 - 08 - 12 00 : 00 : 00.0 , address=Address[addressid= 3 , city= '深圳' , street= '四季花城' , zip=' 518003 第 5 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 6 , userName= '哈哈' , sex= 'male' , birthday= 2014 - 11 - 20 20 : 24 : 09.102 , address=Address[addressid= 6 , city= '深圳' , street= '坂田2' , zip=' 518000 删除一条数据后进行查询 连接数据库耗时: 0 毫秒 第 1 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 1 , userName= '张金雄' , sex= 'male' , birthday= null , address=Address[addressid= 1 , city= '深圳' , street= '坂田市场' , zip=' 518001 第 2 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 2 , userName= '李某某' , sex= 'male' , birthday= null , address=Address[addressid= 2 , city= '深圳' , street= '坂田路口' , zip=' 518002 第 3 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 3 , userName= '王某某' , sex= 'female' , birthday= 2006 - 08 - 10 00 : 00 : 00.0 , address=Address[addressid= 3 , city= '深圳' , street= '四季花城' , zip=' 518003 第 4 个值为: UserInfo[userid= 4 , userName= '陈某某' , sex= 'male' , birthday= 2006 - 08 - 12 00 : 00 : 00.0 , address=Address[addressid= 3 , city= '深圳' , street= '四季花城' , zip=' 518003 |
完整工程源代码
下载地址:http://download.csdn.net/detail/xuxiheng/8181849
参考文档
http://www.cnblogs.com/ctoroad/p/4111447.html
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