本文来自http://blog.csdn.net/hellogv/ ，引用必须注明出处！

近期穿戴设备发展得非常火。把相关技术也带旺了，当中一项是BLE（Bluetooth Low Energy）。BLE是蓝牙4.0的核心Profile，主打功能是高速搜索，高速连接。超低功耗保持连接和数据传输，弱点是数据传输速率低，因为BLE的低功耗特点，因此普遍用于穿戴设备。Android 4.3才開始支持BLE API，所以请各位客官把本文代码执行在蓝牙4.0和Android 4.3及其以上的系统，另外本文所用的BLE终端是一个蓝牙4.0的串口蓝牙模块。

PS：我的i9100刷了4.4系统后，居然也能跟BLE蓝牙模块通信。

BLE分为三部分Service、Characteristic、Descriptor，这三部分都由UUID作为唯一标示符。

一个蓝牙4.0的终端能够包括多个Service，一个Service能够包括多个Characteristic。一个Characteristic包括一个Value和多个Descriptor，一个Descriptor包括一个Value。一般来说，Characteristic是手机与BLE终端交换数据的关键，Characteristic有较多的跟权限相关的字段，比如PERMISSION和PROPERTY，而当中最经常使用的是PROPERTY。本文所用的BLE蓝牙模块居然没有标准的Characteristic的PERMISSION。Characteristic的PROPERTY能够通过位运算符组合来设置读写属性，比如READ|WRITE、READ|WRITE_NO_RESPONSE|NOTIFY，因此读取PROPERTY后要分解成所用的组合（本文代码已含此分解方法）。

本文代码改自Android 4.3 Sample的BluetoothLeGatt。把冗余代码去掉，获取的BLE设备信息都通过Log。另一些必要的读写蓝牙方法，应该算是简化到大家一看就能够懂了。

本文代码能够到http://download.csdn.net/detail/hellogv/7228819下载。接下来贴出本文执行的结果，首先是连接BLE设备后。枚举出设备全部Service、Characteristic、Descriptor，而且手机会往Characteristic uuid=0000ffe1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb写入“send data->”字符串，BLE终端收到数据通过串口传到PC串口助手（见PC串口助手的截图）：

04-21 18:28:25.465: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): -->service type:PRIMARY
04-21 18:28:25.465: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): -->includedServices size:0
04-21 18:28:25.465: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): -->service uuid:00001800-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb
04-21 18:28:25.465: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): ---->char uuid:00002a00-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb
04-21 18:28:25.465: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): ---->char permission:UNKNOW
04-21 18:28:25.465: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): ---->char property:READ
04-21 18:28:25.465: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): ---->char uuid:00002a01-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb
04-21 18:28:25.470: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): ---->char permission:UNKNOW
04-21 18:28:25.470: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): ---->char property:READ
04-21 18:28:25.470: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): ---->char uuid:00002a02-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb
04-21 18:28:25.470: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): ---->char permission:UNKNOW
04-21 18:28:25.470: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): ---->char property:READ|WRITE|
04-21 18:28:25.470: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): ---->char uuid:00002a03-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb
04-21 18:28:25.470: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): ---->char permission:UNKNOW
04-21 18:28:25.475: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): ---->char property:READ|WRITE|
04-21 18:28:25.475: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): ---->char uuid:00002a04-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb
04-21 18:28:25.475: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): ---->char permission:UNKNOW
04-21 18:28:25.475: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): ---->char property:READ
04-21 18:28:25.475: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): -->service type:PRIMARY
04-21 18:28:25.475: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): -->includedServices size:0
04-21 18:28:25.475: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): -->service uuid:00001801-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb
04-21 18:28:25.480: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): ---->char uuid:00002a05-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb
04-21 18:28:25.480: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): ---->char permission:UNKNOW
04-21 18:28:25.480: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): ---->char property:INDICATE
04-21 18:28:25.480: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): -------->desc uuid:00002902-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb
04-21 18:28:25.480: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): -------->desc permission:UNKNOW
04-21 18:28:25.480: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): -->service type:PRIMARY
04-21 18:28:25.480: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): -->includedServices size:0
04-21 18:28:25.480: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): -->service uuid:0000ffe0-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb
04-21 18:28:25.480: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): ---->char uuid:0000ffe1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb
04-21 18:28:25.480: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): ---->char permission:UNKNOW
04-21 18:28:25.480: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): ---->char property:READ|WRITE_NO_RESPONSE|NOTIFY|
04-21 18:28:25.490: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): -------->desc uuid:00002902-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb
04-21 18:28:25.490: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): -------->desc permission:UNKNOW
04-21 18:28:25.490: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): -------->desc uuid:00002901-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb
04-21 18:28:25.490: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): -------->desc permission:UNKNOW
04-21 18:28:26.025: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): onCharRead BLE DEVICE read 0000ffe1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb -> 00

这里红字是由BluetoothGattCallback的onCharacteristicRead()回调而打出Log

下面Log是PC上的串口工具通过BLE模块发送过来。由BluetoothGattCallback的 onCharacteristicChanged（）打出Log
04-21 18:30:18.260: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): onCharWrite BLE DEVICE write 0000ffe1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb -> send data to phone
04-21 18:30:18.745: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): onCharWrite BLE DEVICE write 0000ffe1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb -> send data to phone
04-21 18:30:19.085: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): onCharWrite BLE DEVICE write 0000ffe1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb -> send data to phone
04-21 18:30:19.350: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): onCharWrite BLE DEVICE write 0000ffe1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb -> send data to phone
04-21 18:30:19.605: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): onCharWrite BLE DEVICE write 0000ffe1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb -> send data to phone
04-21 18:30:19.835: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): onCharWrite BLE DEVICE write 0000ffe1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb -> send data to phone
04-21 18:30:20.055: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): onCharWrite BLE DEVICE write 0000ffe1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb -> send data to phone
04-21 18:30:20.320: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): onCharWrite BLE DEVICE write 0000ffe1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb -> send data to phone
04-21 18:30:20.510: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): onCharWrite BLE DEVICE write 0000ffe1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb -> send data to phone
04-21 18:30:20.735: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): onCharWrite BLE DEVICE write 0000ffe1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb -> send data to phone
04-21 18:30:21.000: E/DeviceScanActivity(12254): onCharWrite BLE DEVICE write 0000ffe1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb -> send data to phone

接下来贴出本文核心代码：

  1. public class DeviceScanActivity extends ListActivity {
  2. 	private final static String TAG = DeviceScanActivity.class.getSimpleName();
  3. 	private final static String UUID_KEY_DATA = "0000ffe1-0000-1000-8000-00805f9b34fb";
  4.  
  5.     private LeDeviceListAdapter mLeDeviceListAdapter;
  6.     /**搜索BLE终端*/
  7.     private BluetoothAdapter mBluetoothAdapter;
  8.     /**读写BLE终端*/
  9.     private BluetoothLeClass mBLE;
  10.     private boolean mScanning;
  11.     private Handler mHandler;
  12.  
  13.     // Stops scanning after 10 seconds.
  14.     private static final long SCAN_PERIOD = 10000;
  15.  
  16.     @Override
  17.     public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  18.         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  19.         getActionBar().setTitle(R.string.title_devices);
  20.         mHandler = new Handler();
  21.  
  22.         // Use this check to determine whether BLE is supported on the device.  Then you can
  23.         // selectively disable BLE-related features.
  24.         if (!getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_BLUETOOTH_LE)) {
  25.             Toast.makeText(this, R.string.ble_not_supported, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  26.             finish();
  27.         }
  28.  
  29.         // Initializes a Bluetooth adapter.  For API level 18 and above, get a reference to
  30.         // BluetoothAdapter through BluetoothManager.
  31.         final BluetoothManager bluetoothManager =
  32.                 (BluetoothManager) getSystemService(Context.BLUETOOTH_SERVICE);
  33.         mBluetoothAdapter = bluetoothManager.getAdapter();
  34.  
  35.         // Checks if Bluetooth is supported on the device.
  36.         if (mBluetoothAdapter == null) {
  37.             Toast.makeText(this, R.string.error_bluetooth_not_supported, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();
  38.             finish();
  39.             return;
  40.         }
  41.         //开启蓝牙
  42.         mBluetoothAdapter.enable();
  43.  
  44.         mBLE = new BluetoothLeClass(this);
  45.         if (!mBLE.initialize()) {
  46.             Log.e(TAG, "Unable to initialize Bluetooth");
  47.             finish();
  48.         }
  49.         //发现BLE终端的Service时回调
  50.         mBLE.setOnServiceDiscoverListener(mOnServiceDiscover);
  51.         //收到BLE终端数据交互的事件
  52.         mBLE.setOnDataAvailableListener(mOnDataAvailable);
  53.     }
  54.  
  55.     @Override
  56.     protected void onResume() {
  57.         super.onResume();
  58.  
  59.         // Initializes list view adapter.
  60.         mLeDeviceListAdapter = new LeDeviceListAdapter(this);
  61.         setListAdapter(mLeDeviceListAdapter);
  62.         scanLeDevice(true);
  63.     }
  64.  
  65.     @Override
  66.     protected void onPause() {
  67.         super.onPause();
  68.         scanLeDevice(false);
  69.         mLeDeviceListAdapter.clear();
  70.         mBLE.disconnect();
  71.     }
  72.  
  73.     @Override
  74.     protected void onStop() {
  75.         super.onStop();
  76.         mBLE.close();
  77.     }
  78.  
  79.     @Override
  80.     protected void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) {
  81.         final BluetoothDevice device = mLeDeviceListAdapter.getDevice(position);
  82.         if (device == null) return;
  83.         if (mScanning) {
  84.             mBluetoothAdapter.stopLeScan(mLeScanCallback);
  85.             mScanning = false;
  86.         }
  87.  
  88.         mBLE.connect(device.getAddress());
  89.     }
  90.  
  91.     private void scanLeDevice(final boolean enable) {
  92.         if (enable) {
  93.             // Stops scanning after a pre-defined scan period.
  94.             mHandler.postDelayed(new Runnable() {
  95.                 @Override
  96.                 public void run() {
  97.                     mScanning = false;
  98.                     mBluetoothAdapter.stopLeScan(mLeScanCallback);
  99.                     invalidateOptionsMenu();
  100.                 }
  101.             }, SCAN_PERIOD);
  102.  
  103.             mScanning = true;
  104.             mBluetoothAdapter.startLeScan(mLeScanCallback);
  105.         } else {
  106.             mScanning = false;
  107.             mBluetoothAdapter.stopLeScan(mLeScanCallback);
  108.         }
  109.         invalidateOptionsMenu();
  110.     }
  111.  
  112.     /**
  113.      * 搜索到BLE终端服务的事件
  114.      */
  115.     private BluetoothLeClass.OnServiceDiscoverListener mOnServiceDiscover = new OnServiceDiscoverListener(){
  116.  
  117. 		@Override
  118. 		public void onServiceDiscover(BluetoothGatt gatt) {
  119. 			displayGattServices(mBLE.getSupportedGattServices());
  120. 		}
  121.  
  122.     };
  123.  
  124.     /**
  125.      * 收到BLE终端数据交互的事件
  126.      */
  127.     private BluetoothLeClass.OnDataAvailableListener mOnDataAvailable = new OnDataAvailableListener(){
  128.  
  129.     	/**
  130.     	 * BLE终端数据被读的事件
  131.     	 */
  132. 		@Override
  133. 		public void onCharacteristicRead(BluetoothGatt gatt,
  134. 				BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic, int status) {
  135. 			if (status == BluetoothGatt.GATT_SUCCESS)
  136. 				Log.e(TAG,"onCharRead "+gatt.getDevice().getName()
  137. 						+" read "
  138. 						+characteristic.getUuid().toString()
  139. 						+" -> "
  140. 						+Utils.bytesToHexString(characteristic.getValue()));
  141. 		}
  142.  
  143. 	    /**
  144. 	     * 收到BLE终端写入数据回调
  145. 	     */
  146. 		@Override
  147. 		public void onCharacteristicWrite(BluetoothGatt gatt,
  148. 				BluetoothGattCharacteristic characteristic) {
  149. 			Log.e(TAG,"onCharWrite "+gatt.getDevice().getName()
  150. 					+" write "
  151. 					+characteristic.getUuid().toString()
  152. 					+" -> "
  153. 					+new String(characteristic.getValue()));
  154. 		}
  155.     };
  156.  
  157.     // Device scan callback.
  158.     private BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback mLeScanCallback =
  159.             new BluetoothAdapter.LeScanCallback() {
  160.  
  161.         @Override
  162.         public void onLeScan(final BluetoothDevice device, int rssi, byte[] scanRecord) {
  163.             runOnUiThread(new Runnable() {
  164.                 @Override
  165.                 public void run() {
  166.                     mLeDeviceListAdapter.addDevice(device);
  167.                     mLeDeviceListAdapter.notifyDataSetChanged();
  168.                 }
  169.             });
  170.         }
  171.     };
  172.  
  173.     private void displayGattServices(List<BluetoothGattService> gattServices) {
  174.         if (gattServices == null) return;
  175.  
  176.         for (BluetoothGattService gattService : gattServices) {
  177.         	//-----Service的字段信息-----//
  178.         	int type = gattService.getType();
  179.             Log.e(TAG,"-->service type:"+Utils.getServiceType(type));
  180.             Log.e(TAG,"-->includedServices size:"+gattService.getIncludedServices().size());
  181.             Log.e(TAG,"-->service uuid:"+gattService.getUuid());
  182.  
  183.             //-----Characteristics的字段信息-----//
  184.             List<BluetoothGattCharacteristic> gattCharacteristics =gattService.getCharacteristics();
  185.             for (final BluetoothGattCharacteristic  gattCharacteristic: gattCharacteristics) {
  186.                 Log.e(TAG,"---->char uuid:"+gattCharacteristic.getUuid());
  187.  
  188.                 int permission = gattCharacteristic.getPermissions();
  189.                 Log.e(TAG,"---->char permission:"+Utils.getCharPermission(permission));
  190.  
  191.                 int property = gattCharacteristic.getProperties();
  192.                 Log.e(TAG,"---->char property:"+Utils.getCharPropertie(property));
  193.  
  194.                 byte[] data = gattCharacteristic.getValue();
  195.         		if (data != null && data.length > 0) {
  196.         			Log.e(TAG,"---->char value:"+new String(data));
  197.         		}
  198.  
  199.         		//UUID_KEY_DATA是能够跟蓝牙模块串口通信的Characteristic
  200.         		if(gattCharacteristic.getUuid().toString().equals(UUID_KEY_DATA)){
  201.         			//測试读取当前Characteristic数据。会触发mOnDataAvailable.onCharacteristicRead()
  202.         			mHandler.postDelayed(new Runnable() {
  203.                         @Override
  204.                         public void run() {
  205.                         	mBLE.readCharacteristic(gattCharacteristic);
  206.                         }
  207.                     }, 500);
  208.  
  209.         			//接受Characteristic被写的通知,收到蓝牙模块的数据后会触发mOnDataAvailable.onCharacteristicWrite()
  210.         			mBLE.setCharacteristicNotification(gattCharacteristic, true);
  211.         			//设置数据内容
  212.         			gattCharacteristic.setValue("send data->");
  213.         			//往蓝牙模块写入数据
  214.         			mBLE.writeCharacteristic(gattCharacteristic);
  215.         		}
  216.  
  217.         		//-----Descriptors的字段信息-----//
  218. 				List<BluetoothGattDescriptor> gattDescriptors = gattCharacteristic.getDescriptors();
  219. 				for (BluetoothGattDescriptor gattDescriptor : gattDescriptors) {
  220. 					Log.e(TAG, "-------->desc uuid:" + gattDescriptor.getUuid());
  221. 					int descPermission = gattDescriptor.getPermissions();
  222. 					Log.e(TAG,"-------->desc permission:"+ Utils.getDescPermission(descPermission));
  223.  
  224. 					byte[] desData = gattDescriptor.getValue();
  225. 					if (desData != null && desData.length > 0) {
  226. 						Log.e(TAG, "-------->desc value:"+ new String(desData));
  227. 					}
  228.         		 }
  229.             }
  230.         }//
  231.  
  232.     }
  233. }

Android BLE开发之Android手机与BLE终端通信的更多相关文章

  1. Android BLE开发之Android手机搜索iBeacon基站

    本文来自http://blog.csdn.net/hellogv/ ,引用必须注明出处! 上次讲了Android手机与BLE终端之间的通信,而最常见的BLE终端应该是苹果公司倡导的iBeacon基站. ...

  2. Android NDK开发之Android.mk文件

    Android NDK开发指南---Android.mk文件 博客分类: Android NDK开发指南   Android.mk文件语法详述 介绍: ------------ 这篇文档是用来描述你的 ...

  3. Android安全开发之WebView中的地雷

    Android安全开发之WebView中的地雷 0X01 About WebView 在Android开发中,经常会使用WebView来实现WEB页面的展示,在Activiry中启动自己的浏览器,或者 ...

  4. android软件开发之webView.addJavascriptInterface循环渐进【一】

    本篇文章由:http://www.sollyu.com/android-software-development-webview-addjavascriptinterface-cycle-of-gra ...

  5. Android 异步开发之 AsyncQueryHandler 批量添加联系人

    AsyncQueryHandler: 官方解释是一个异步帮助类(A helper class to help make handling asynchronous ContentResolver qu ...

  6. Android底层开发之Linux输入子系统要不要推断系统休眠状态上报键值

    Android底层开发之Linux输入子系统要不要推断系统休眠状态上报键值 题外话:一个问题研究到最后,那边记录文档的前半部分基本上都是没用的,甚至是错误的. 重点在最后,前边不过一些假想猜測. ht ...

  7. Android混合开发之WebViewJavascriptBridge实现JS与java安全交互

    前言: 为了加快开发效率,目前公司一些功能使用H5开发,这里难免会用到Js与Java函数互相调用的问题,这个Android是提供了原生支持的,不过存在安全隐患,今天我们来学习一种安全方式来满足Js与j ...

  8. Android混合开发之WebView与Javascript交互

    前言: 最近公司的App为了加快开发效率选择了一部分功能采用H5开发,从目前市面的大部分App来讲,大致分成Native App.Web App.Hybrid App三种方式,个人觉得目前以Hybri ...

  9. Android混合开发之WebView使用总结

    前言: 今天修改项目中一个有关WebView使用的bug,激起了我总结WebView的动机,今天抽空做个总结. 混合开发相关博客: Android混合开发之WebView使用总结 Android混合开 ...

随机推荐

  1. mvc之验证IEnumerable<T> 类型

    假设我们有这么一种需求,我们要同时添加年级和年级下面的多个班级,我们一般会像下面这种做法. Action中我们这样接收: [HttpPost] public ActionResult CreateGr ...

  2. 将vim改造成C/C++开发环境(IDE) 2011

        [参考资料]吴垠的“手把手教你把Vim改装成一个IDE编程环境”在Fedora下成功将Vim打造成适用于C/C++的IDE用Vim搭建C/C++开发环境 Ubuntu下vim+ctags的配置 ...

  3. 忽略git中不需要进行版本管理的文件

    在git中我们提交项目的时候有很多东西是不需要进行版本管理的,因此我们需要忽略掉. 虽然在github2.0的windows客户端提供了工具,但是这个工具并不是想象中的那么好用. 在上面点右键出现的D ...

  4. (原创)android4.4沉浸式标题栏

    趁着清明节的闲工夫,把我的百年不升级一次系统的红米note手机升级到了miuiv6的系统,早就听说android4.4的系统有沉浸式标题栏,一直没有体验过.这次终于有机会了.看了几个手机上常用的应用都 ...

  5. 常用元素的属性/方法 attr / val / html /text

    常用元素的属性/方法 得到一个元素的高度, $("#myid").height() 得到一个元素的位置, $("#myid").offset() 返回的是一个o ...

  6. javascript 冒泡和事件源 形成的事件委托

    冒泡:即使通过子级元素的事件来触发父级的事件,通过阻止冒泡可以防止冒泡发生. 事件源:首先这个东西是有兼容行问题的,当然解决也很简单. 两者结合使用,形成的事件委托有两个优势: 1.减少性能消耗: 2 ...

  7. 如何发布Web项目到互联网

    比如我们有个项目想要发布到互联网上,我们首先需要购买域名以及主机,主机的话,推荐云主机(本人推荐西部数码或者阿里云),性能好: 我们先在云主机上搭建环境,比如Mysql,Jdk,Tomcat: 然后我 ...

  8. jquery节点查询

    jQuery.parent(expr)           //找父元素 jQuery.parents(expr)          //找到所有祖先元素,不限于父元素 jQuery.children ...

  9. 深度克隆（对象、数组）--------百度IFE前端task2

    var srcObj = { a: 1, b: { b1: ["hello", "hi"], b2: "JavaScript" }}; co ...

  10. js学习笔记——数组方法

    join() 把数组中所有元素转化为字符串并连接起来,并返回该字符串, var arr=[1,2,3]; var str=arr.join("#"); //str="1# ...