Python第五天 列表练习 元组类型 字典类型 小购物车练习

# 反转 reverse
# l=['lili','asdf','qwer','80000']
# l.reverse()
# print(l) # ['80000', 'qwer', 'asdf', 'lili']
 
# 排序 sort
# l=[1,3,5,7,2,4]
# l.sort()
# print(l) # [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7] # 将数字按从小到大排列
# l=[1,3,5,7,2,4]
# l.sort(reverse=True) # 将数字按照从大到小排列
# print(l) # [7, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1]
# x="hello world"
# y='z'
# print(x>y) # False # 按照第一个字母的大小来比较
# x="hello world"
# y='z2'
# print(x>y) # False # 数字比字母小
# l=['lili','asdf','qwer','80000']
# l.sort()
# print(l) # ['80000', 'asdf', 'lili', 'qwer']
 
# 用列表模拟队列
# l=[]
# l.append('qwer')
# l.append('asdf')
# l.append('trfg')
# l.append('poiu')
# print(l) # ['qwer', 'asdf', 'trfg', 'poiu']
# print(l.pop(0)) # qwer
# print(l.pop(0)) # asdf
# print(l.pop(0)) # trfg
# print(l.pop(0)) # poiu
# l=[]
# l.insert(0,'qwer')
# l.insert(0,'asdf')
# l.insert(0,'trfg')
# l.insert(0,'poiu')
# print(l) # ['poiu', 'trfg', 'asdf', 'qwer']
# print(l.pop()) # qwer
# print(l.pop()) # asdf
# print(l.pop()) # trfg
# print(l.pop()) # poiu
 
# 用列表模拟堆栈 先进后出 后进先出
 
# 元组 tuple 与列表类型相比 只不过[]换成了（）对比列表来说 元组不可变 主要是用来读的
# 列表类型：在中括号【】内存放任意个用逗号隔开的任意类型字符
# l=['lili','asdf','qwer',80000]
# l1=('lili','asdf','qwer',80000)
# print(type(l)) # <class 'list'>
# print(type(l1)) # <class 'tuple'>
# l[0]=12
# print(l)  # [12, 'asdf', 'qwer', 80000]
# l1[0]=12
# print(l1) # 报错
# l1=('lili','asdf','qwer',80000,['a','b'])
# l1[4][0]='c'
# print(l1) # ('lili', 'asdf', 'qwer', 80000, ['c', 'b'])
 
# 按索引取值，正向取反向取，只能取
# l1=('lili','asdf','qwer',80000,['a','b'])
# print(l1[0]) # lili
 
# 切片 顾头不顾尾 步长
# l1=('lili','asdf','qwer',80000,['a','b'])
# print(l1[0:3]) # ('lili', 'asdf', 'qwer')
# print(l1) # ('lili', 'asdf', 'qwer', 80000, ['a', 'b'])
 
# 长度
# l1=('lili','asdf','qwer',80000,['a','b'])
# print(len(l1)) # 5
 
# 成员运算 in 和 not in
# l1=('lili','asdf','qwer',80000,['a','b'])
# print(80000 in l1) # True
 
# 循环
# l1=('lili','asdf','qwer',80000,['a','b'])
# for item in l1:
#     print(item) # lili asdf qwer 80000 ['a', 'b']
 
# 掌握
l1=('lili','asdf','qwer',80000,['a','b'])
# print(l1.index(80000)) # 3
# print(l1.index(800000)) # 报错
# print(l1.count(80000)) # 1
 
# 字典 key:value 存放多个值 存取速度快
# key必须是不可变类型（int,float,str,tuple） value可以是任意类型
# info={'name':'OBOS','age':19,'gender':'female'} # info=dict{'name':'OBOS','age':19,'gender':'female'}
# info=dict(name='OBOS',age=19,gender='female')
# print(info) # {'name': 'OBOS', 'age': 19, 'gender': 'female'}
# info1=dict([('name','OBOS'),('age',19),('gender','female')])
# info2=dict([['name','OBOS'],['age',19],['gender','female']])
# info3=dict([['name','OBOS'],('age',19),['gender','female']])
# print(info1) # {'name': 'OBOS', 'age': 19, 'gender': 'female'}
# print(info2) # {'name': 'OBOS', 'age': 19, 'gender': 'female'}
# print(info3) # {'name': 'OBOS', 'age': 19, 'gender': 'female'}
# 快速创建一个空字典 # fromkeys
# info={}.fromkeys(['name','age','gender'],None)
# print(info) # {'name': None, 'age': None, 'gender': None}
# info2={}.fromkeys('hello',None)
# print(info2) # {'h': None, 'e': None, 'l': None, 'o': None} k不能重复
# 按照k存取值，可存可取
# d={'name':'OBOS'}
# print(d['name']) # OBOS
# d['age']=19 # **************
# print(d) # {'name': 'OBOS', 'age': 19}
# 长度
# info={'name':'OBOS','age':19,'gender':'female'}
# print(len(info)) # 3
# 成员运算 in 和 not in 根据字典的Key判断
# info={'name':'OBOS','age':19,'gender':'female'}
# print('name' in info) # True
# 删除
# info={'name':'OBOS','age':19,'gender':'female'}
# ################################info.pop('name')
# print(info.pop('name')) # OBOS
# print(info) # {'age': 19, 'gender': 'female'}
# info={'name':'OBOS','age':19,'gender':'female'}
# print(info.popitem()) #('gender', 'female') # 元组的形式
# print(info) # {'name': 'OBOS', 'age': 19}
 
#keys values items(键值对)
# info={'name':'OBOS','age':19,'gender':'female'}
# print(info.keys()) # dict_keys(['name', 'age', 'gender']) # 不是一个列表但是可以被for循环，for循环不靠索引
# print(info.keys(0)) # 报错
# print(list(info.keys())) # ['name', 'age', 'gender'] # 此时是一个列表
# print(list(info.keys())[0]) #name
# print(info.values()) # dict_values(['OBOS', 19, 'female'])
# print(list(info.values())) # ['OBOS', 19, 'female']
# print(info.items()) # dict_items([('name', 'OBOS'), ('age', 19), ('gender', 'female')])
# print(list(info.items())) # [('name', 'OBOS'), ('age', 19), ('gender', 'female')]
# info={'name':'OBOS','age':19,'gender':'female'}
# for k in info:
#     # print(k) # name age gender
#     print(k,info[k]) # name OBOS # age 19 # gender female #
# *********************************小购物车********************************************
# msg_dic={'apple':10, 'tesla':100000,'mac':3000, 'beef':48, 'US beef':68,'Tuekey leg':8}
# goods=[]
# while True:
#     for k in msg_dic:
#         print(k,msg_dic[k])
#     choice=input('商品名:').strip()
#     if len(choice) == 0 or choice not in msg_dic:
#         print('商品名非法')
#         continue
#     while True:
#         num=input('购买个数:').strip()
#         if num.isdigit():
#             break
#     goods.append((choice,msg_dic[choice],int(num)))
#     print('购物车',goods)
 
# 字典类型
# info={'name':'OBOS','age':19,'gender':'female'}
# print(info['love']) # 报错
# print(info.get('love','没有')) # 没有
# print(info.pop('love')) # 报错
# print(info.pop('love','有')) # 有
# d={'name':'Alex','love':'120'}
# info.update(d)
# print(info) # {'name': 'Alex', 'age': 19, 'gender': 'female', 'love': '120'}
 
# setdefault ************************
# info={'name':'OBOS','gender':'female'}
# info.setdefault('age',19)
# print(info) # {'name': 'OBOS', 'gender': 'female', 'age': 19}
# value=info.setdefault('age',19)
# print(value) # 19
# info={'name':'OBOS','age':19,'gender':'female'}
# info.setdefault('age',18)
# print(info) # {'name': 'OBOS', 'age': 19, 'gender': 'female'}
# value=info.setdefault('age',18)
# print(value) # 19 如果key存在，则不修改，返回已经存在的key的value值**************
# *********************************************************************************************************************
# info={'name':'OBOS','age':19,'gender':'female'}
# info['hobbies']=[]
# # print(info) # {'name': 'OBOS', 'age': 19, 'gender': 'female', 'hobbies': []}
# info['hobbies'].append('music')
# info['hobbies'].append('dance')
# print(info) # {'name': 'OBOS', 'age': 19, 'gender': 'female', 'hobbies': ['music', 'dance']}
# info={'name': 'OBOS', 'age': 19, 'gender': 'female', 'hobbies': ['music', 'dance']}
# info['age']=20
# print(info) # {'name': 'OBOS', 'age': 20, 'gender': 'female', 'hobbies': ['music', 'dance']}
# info = {'name': 'OBOS', 'age': 20, 'gender': 'female', 'hobbies': ['music', 'dance']}
# hobbies_list=info.setdefault('hobbies',[])
# print(hobbies_list) # ['music', 'dance']
# hobbies_list.append('read')
# print(info) # {'name': 'OBOS', 'age': 20, 'gender': 'female', 'hobbies': ['music', 'dance', 'read']}
# info = {'name': 'OBOS', 'age': 20, 'gender': 'female'}
# hobbies_list=info.setdefault('hobbies',[])
# print(hobbies_list)
# hobbies_list.append('read')
# print(info) # {'name': 'OBOS', 'age': 20, 'gender': 'female', 'hobbies': ['read']}
# nums=[11,22,33,44,55,66,77,88,99]
# d={'k1':[],'k2':[]}
# for num in nums:
#     if num > 66:
#         d['k1'].append(num)
#     if num < 66:
#         d['k2'].append(num)
# print(d) # {'k1': [77, 88, 99], 'k2': [11, 22, 33, 44, 55]}
cmd='Rambo Alex Rambo Sean Alex Rambo'
words=cmd.split()
# print(words) # ['Rambo', 'Alex', 'Rambo', 'Sean', 'Alex', 'Rambo']
d={}
for word in words:
    d.setdefault(word,cmd.count(word))
print(d)