[Android] Android RxJava2+Retrofit2+OkHttp3 的使用(一) --基础篇 Retrofit2 的使用
本文是 Android RxJava2+Retrofit2+OkHttp3 的使用(一) --基础篇 Retrofit2 的使用
本文的目标是用 Retrofit写一个网络请求：
本文以从获取天气预报接口 （具体接口查看上文 免费天气预报接口）为例，讲解 Retrofit2 的使用
废话不多说，开撸
一、添加依赖
在build.gradle文件中添加如下配置
//retrofit2
compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:retrofit:2.3.0'//导入retrofit
compile 'com.squareup.retrofit2:converter-gson:2.3.0'//转换器，请求结果转换成Model
二、创建Bean
根据接口返回的JSon数据，使用GsonFormat插件自动创建 WeatherBean 文件 (GsonFormat插件 的安装方法和其余插件安装方法并无二致)
1）打开链接http://t.weather.sojson.com/api/weather/city/101030100，然后复制返回的json数据
2）新建WeatherBean.java ，然后 Alt + Delete ，选择GsonFormat，将复制到的JSON数据赋值进去，点击 “确定” 生成 即可
这是我自动生成的文件：
package com.jack.basemvp.bean; import java.util.List; /**
* 由GsonFormat 生成
*/
public class WeatherBean { /**
* time : 2019-04-20 19:11:47
* cityInfo : {"city":"天津市","cityId":"101030100","parent":"天津","updateTime":"18:32"}
* date : 20190420
* message : Success !
* status : 200
* data : {"shidu":"46%","pm25":49,"pm10":87,"quality":"良","wendu":"14","ganmao":"极少数敏感人群应减少户外活动","yesterday":{"date":"19","sunrise":"05:32","high":"高温 18.0℃","low":"低温 11.0℃","sunset":"18:51","aqi":58,"ymd":"2019-04-19","week":"星期五","fx":"东南风","fl":"3-4级","type":"阴","notice":"不要被阴云遮挡住好心情"},"forecast":[{"date":"20","sunrise":"05:30","high":"高温 16.0℃","low":"低温 10.0℃","sunset":"18:52","aqi":64,"ymd":"2019-04-20","week":"星期六","fx":"东北风","fl":"<3级","type":"小雨","notice":"雨虽小，注意保暖别感冒"},{"date":"21","sunrise":"05:29","high":"高温 20.0℃","low":"低温 12.0℃","sunset":"18:53","aqi":72,"ymd":"2019-04-21","week":"星期日","fx":"东南风","fl":"3-4级","type":"晴","notice":"愿你拥有比阳光明媚的心情"},{"date":"22","sunrise":"05:27","high":"高温 26.0℃","low":"低温 16.0℃","sunset":"18:54","aqi":89,"ymd":"2019-04-22","week":"星期一","fx":"南风","fl":"<3级","type":"多云","notice":"阴晴之间，谨防紫外线侵扰"},{"date":"23","sunrise":"05:26","high":"高温 26.0℃","low":"低温 16.0℃","sunset":"18:55","aqi":91,"ymd":"2019-04-23","week":"星期二","fx":"南风","fl":"<3级","type":"多云","notice":"阴晴之间，谨防紫外线侵扰"},{"date":"24","sunrise":"05:25","high":"高温 22.0℃","low":"低温 12.0℃","sunset":"18:56","aqi":66,"ymd":"2019-04-24","week":"星期三","fx":"东风","fl":"4-5级","type":"阴","notice":"不要被阴云遮挡住好心情"},{"date":"25","sunrise":"05:23","high":"高温 19.0℃","low":"低温 12.0℃","sunset":"18:57","aqi":41,"ymd":"2019-04-25","week":"星期四","fx":"东南风","fl":"<3级","type":"晴","notice":"愿你拥有比阳光明媚的心情"},{"date":"26","sunrise":"05:22","high":"高温 21.0℃","low":"低温 12.0℃","sunset":"18:58","ymd":"2019-04-26","week":"星期五","fx":"东南风","fl":"3-4级","type":"多云","notice":"阴晴之间，谨防紫外线侵扰"},{"date":"27","sunrise":"05:21","high":"高温 21.0℃","low":"低温 10.0℃","sunset":"18:59","ymd":"2019-04-27","week":"星期六","fx":"南风","fl":"<3级","type":"阴","notice":"不要被阴云遮挡住好心情"},{"date":"28","sunrise":"05:19","high":"高温 23.0℃","low":"低温 12.0℃","sunset":"19:00","ymd":"2019-04-28","week":"星期日","fx":"北风","fl":"<3级","type":"阴","notice":"不要被阴云遮挡住好心情"},{"date":"29","sunrise":"05:18","high":"高温 22.0℃","low":"低温 12.0℃","sunset":"19:01","ymd":"2019-04-29","week":"星期一","fx":"北风","fl":"3-4级","type":"多云","notice":"阴晴之间，谨防紫外线侵扰"},{"date":"30","sunrise":"05:17","high":"高温 23.0℃","low":"低温 14.0℃","sunset":"19:02","ymd":"2019-04-30","week":"星期二","fx":"东南风","fl":"3-4级","type":"晴","notice":"愿你拥有比阳光明媚的心情"},{"date":"01","sunrise":"05:15","high":"高温 24.0℃","low":"低温 16.0℃","sunset":"19:03","ymd":"2019-05-01","week":"星期三","fx":"东南风","fl":"<3级","type":"多云","notice":"阴晴之间，谨防紫外线侵扰"},{"date":"02","sunrise":"05:14","high":"高温 25.0℃","low":"低温 15.0℃","sunset":"19:04","ymd":"2019-05-02","week":"星期四","fx":"东南风","fl":"3-4级","type":"阴","notice":"不要被阴云遮挡住好心情"},{"date":"03","sunrise":"05:13","high":"高温 24.0℃","low":"低温 14.0℃","sunset":"19:05","ymd":"2019-05-03","week":"星期五","fx":"西南风","fl":"4-5级","type":"阴","notice":"不要被阴云遮挡住好心情"},{"date":"04","sunrise":"05:12","high":"高温 24.0℃","low":"低温 14.0℃","sunset":"19:06","ymd":"2019-05-04","week":"星期六","fx":"东南风","fl":"<3级","type":"阴","notice":"不要被阴云遮挡住好心情"}]}
*/ private String time;
private CityInfoBean cityInfo;
private String date;
private String message;
private int status;
private DataBean data; public String getTime() {
return time;
} public void setTime(String time) {
this.time = time;
} public CityInfoBean getCityInfo() {
return cityInfo;
} public void setCityInfo(CityInfoBean cityInfo) {
this.cityInfo = cityInfo;
} public String getDate() {
return date;
} public void setDate(String date) {
this.date = date;
} public String getMessage() {
return message;
} public void setMessage(String message) {
this.message = message;
} public int getStatus() {
return status;
} public void setStatus(int status) {
this.status = status;
} public DataBean getData() {
return data;
} public void setData(DataBean data) {
this.data = data;
} public static class CityInfoBean {
/**
* city : 天津市
* cityId : 101030100
* parent : 天津
* updateTime : 18:32
*/ private String city;
private String cityId;
private String parent;
private String updateTime; public String getCity() {
return city;
} public void setCity(String city) {
this.city = city;
} public String getCityId() {
return cityId;
} public void setCityId(String cityId) {
this.cityId = cityId;
} public String getParent() {
return parent;
} public void setParent(String parent) {
this.parent = parent;
} public String getUpdateTime() {
return updateTime;
} public void setUpdateTime(String updateTime) {
this.updateTime = updateTime;
}
} public static class DataBean {
/**
* shidu : 46%
* pm25 : 49.0
* pm10 : 87.0
* quality : 良
* wendu : 14
* ganmao : 极少数敏感人群应减少户外活动
* yesterday : {"date":"19","sunrise":"05:32","high":"高温 18.0℃","low":"低温 11.0℃","sunset":"18:51","aqi":58,"ymd":"2019-04-19","week":"星期五","fx":"东南风","fl":"3-4级","type":"阴","notice":"不要被阴云遮挡住好心情"}
* forecast : [{"date":"20","sunrise":"05:30","high":"高温 16.0℃","low":"低温 10.0℃","sunset":"18:52","aqi":64,"ymd":"2019-04-20","week":"星期六","fx":"东北风","fl":"<3级","type":"小雨","notice":"雨虽小，注意保暖别感冒"},{"date":"21","sunrise":"05:29","high":"高温 20.0℃","low":"低温 12.0℃","sunset":"18:53","aqi":72,"ymd":"2019-04-21","week":"星期日","fx":"东南风","fl":"3-4级","type":"晴","notice":"愿你拥有比阳光明媚的心情"},{"date":"22","sunrise":"05:27","high":"高温 26.0℃","low":"低温 16.0℃","sunset":"18:54","aqi":89,"ymd":"2019-04-22","week":"星期一","fx":"南风","fl":"<3级","type":"多云","notice":"阴晴之间，谨防紫外线侵扰"},{"date":"23","sunrise":"05:26","high":"高温 26.0℃","low":"低温 16.0℃","sunset":"18:55","aqi":91,"ymd":"2019-04-23","week":"星期二","fx":"南风","fl":"<3级","type":"多云","notice":"阴晴之间，谨防紫外线侵扰"},{"date":"24","sunrise":"05:25","high":"高温 22.0℃","low":"低温 12.0℃","sunset":"18:56","aqi":66,"ymd":"2019-04-24","week":"星期三","fx":"东风","fl":"4-5级","type":"阴","notice":"不要被阴云遮挡住好心情"},{"date":"25","sunrise":"05:23","high":"高温 19.0℃","low":"低温 12.0℃","sunset":"18:57","aqi":41,"ymd":"2019-04-25","week":"星期四","fx":"东南风","fl":"<3级","type":"晴","notice":"愿你拥有比阳光明媚的心情"},{"date":"26","sunrise":"05:22","high":"高温 21.0℃","low":"低温 12.0℃","sunset":"18:58","ymd":"2019-04-26","week":"星期五","fx":"东南风","fl":"3-4级","type":"多云","notice":"阴晴之间，谨防紫外线侵扰"},{"date":"27","sunrise":"05:21","high":"高温 21.0℃","low":"低温 10.0℃","sunset":"18:59","ymd":"2019-04-27","week":"星期六","fx":"南风","fl":"<3级","type":"阴","notice":"不要被阴云遮挡住好心情"},{"date":"28","sunrise":"05:19","high":"高温 23.0℃","low":"低温 12.0℃","sunset":"19:00","ymd":"2019-04-28","week":"星期日","fx":"北风","fl":"<3级","type":"阴","notice":"不要被阴云遮挡住好心情"},{"date":"29","sunrise":"05:18","high":"高温 22.0℃","low":"低温 12.0℃","sunset":"19:01","ymd":"2019-04-29","week":"星期一","fx":"北风","fl":"3-4级","type":"多云","notice":"阴晴之间，谨防紫外线侵扰"},{"date":"30","sunrise":"05:17","high":"高温 23.0℃","low":"低温 14.0℃","sunset":"19:02","ymd":"2019-04-30","week":"星期二","fx":"东南风","fl":"3-4级","type":"晴","notice":"愿你拥有比阳光明媚的心情"},{"date":"01","sunrise":"05:15","high":"高温 24.0℃","low":"低温 16.0℃","sunset":"19:03","ymd":"2019-05-01","week":"星期三","fx":"东南风","fl":"<3级","type":"多云","notice":"阴晴之间，谨防紫外线侵扰"},{"date":"02","sunrise":"05:14","high":"高温 25.0℃","low":"低温 15.0℃","sunset":"19:04","ymd":"2019-05-02","week":"星期四","fx":"东南风","fl":"3-4级","type":"阴","notice":"不要被阴云遮挡住好心情"},{"date":"03","sunrise":"05:13","high":"高温 24.0℃","low":"低温 14.0℃","sunset":"19:05","ymd":"2019-05-03","week":"星期五","fx":"西南风","fl":"4-5级","type":"阴","notice":"不要被阴云遮挡住好心情"},{"date":"04","sunrise":"05:12","high":"高温 24.0℃","low":"低温 14.0℃","sunset":"19:06","ymd":"2019-05-04","week":"星期六","fx":"东南风","fl":"<3级","type":"阴","notice":"不要被阴云遮挡住好心情"}]
*/ private String shidu;
private double pm25;
private double pm10;
private String quality;
private String wendu;
private String ganmao;
private YesterdayBean yesterday;
private List<ForecastBean> forecast; public String getShidu() {
return shidu;
} public void setShidu(String shidu) {
this.shidu = shidu;
} public double getPm25() {
return pm25;
} public void setPm25(double pm25) {
this.pm25 = pm25;
} public double getPm10() {
return pm10;
} public void setPm10(double pm10) {
this.pm10 = pm10;
} public String getQuality() {
return quality;
} public void setQuality(String quality) {
this.quality = quality;
} public String getWendu() {
return wendu;
} public void setWendu(String wendu) {
this.wendu = wendu;
} public String getGanmao() {
return ganmao;
} public void setGanmao(String ganmao) {
this.ganmao = ganmao;
} public YesterdayBean getYesterday() {
return yesterday;
} public void setYesterday(YesterdayBean yesterday) {
this.yesterday = yesterday;
} public List<ForecastBean> getForecast() {
return forecast;
} public void setForecast(List<ForecastBean> forecast) {
this.forecast = forecast;
} public static class YesterdayBean {
/**
* date : 19
* sunrise : 05:32
* high : 高温 18.0℃
* low : 低温 11.0℃
* sunset : 18:51
* aqi : 58.0
* ymd : 2019-04-19
* week : 星期五
* fx : 东南风
* fl : 3-4级
* type : 阴
* notice : 不要被阴云遮挡住好心情
*/ private String date;
private String sunrise;
private String high;
private String low;
private String sunset;
private double aqi;
private String ymd;
private String week;
private String fx;
private String fl;
private String type;
private String notice; public String getDate() {
return date;
} public void setDate(String date) {
this.date = date;
} public String getSunrise() {
return sunrise;
} public void setSunrise(String sunrise) {
this.sunrise = sunrise;
} public String getHigh() {
return high;
} public void setHigh(String high) {
this.high = high;
} public String getLow() {
return low;
} public void setLow(String low) {
this.low = low;
} public String getSunset() {
return sunset;
} public void setSunset(String sunset) {
this.sunset = sunset;
} public double getAqi() {
return aqi;
} public void setAqi(double aqi) {
this.aqi = aqi;
} public String getYmd() {
return ymd;
} public void setYmd(String ymd) {
this.ymd = ymd;
} public String getWeek() {
return week;
} public void setWeek(String week) {
this.week = week;
} public String getFx() {
return fx;
} public void setFx(String fx) {
this.fx = fx;
} public String getFl() {
return fl;
} public void setFl(String fl) {
this.fl = fl;
} public String getType() {
return type;
} public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
} public String getNotice() {
return notice;
} public void setNotice(String notice) {
this.notice = notice;
}
} public static class ForecastBean {
/**
* date : 20
* sunrise : 05:30
* high : 高温 16.0℃
* low : 低温 10.0℃
* sunset : 18:52
* aqi : 64.0
* ymd : 2019-04-20
* week : 星期六
* fx : 东北风
* fl : <3级
* type : 小雨
* notice : 雨虽小，注意保暖别感冒
*/ private String date;
private String sunrise;
private String high;
private String low;
private String sunset;
private double aqi;
private String ymd;
private String week;
private String fx;
private String fl;
private String type;
private String notice; public String getDate() {
return date;
} public void setDate(String date) {
this.date = date;
} public String getSunrise() {
return sunrise;
} public void setSunrise(String sunrise) {
this.sunrise = sunrise;
} public String getHigh() {
return high;
} public void setHigh(String high) {
this.high = high;
} public String getLow() {
return low;
} public void setLow(String low) {
this.low = low;
} public String getSunset() {
return sunset;
} public void setSunset(String sunset) {
this.sunset = sunset;
} public double getAqi() {
return aqi;
} public void setAqi(double aqi) {
this.aqi = aqi;
} public String getYmd() {
return ymd;
} public void setYmd(String ymd) {
this.ymd = ymd;
} public String getWeek() {
return week;
} public void setWeek(String week) {
this.week = week;
} public String getFx() {
return fx;
} public void setFx(String fx) {
this.fx = fx;
} public String getFl() {
return fl;
} public void setFl(String fl) {
this.fl = fl;
} public String getType() {
return type;
} public void setType(String type) {
this.type = type;
} public String getNotice() {
return notice;
} public void setNotice(String notice) {
this.notice = notice;
}
}
}
}
三、创建Api接口文件 WeatherApi.java
package com.jack.basemvp.api; import com.jack.basemvp.bean.WeatherBean; import java.util.Map; import io.reactivex.Observable;
import retrofit2.Call;
import retrofit2.http.GET;
import retrofit2.http.Path;
import retrofit2.http.QueryMap; public interface WeatherApi {
String BASE_URL = "http://t.weather.sojson.com/"; /**
* 普通方式
*
* @param cityId
* @return
*/
//get 传一个参数
@GET("api/weather/city/{cityId}")
Call<WeatherBean> weatherInfo(@Path("cityId") int cityId); //get 传多个参数 用 & 拼接
@GET("api/weather/city/101030100?")
Call<WeatherBean> weatherInfo2(@QueryMap Map<String, String> params); }
四、主UI界面中使用
RequestCommonActivity.java
package com.jack.basemvp.activity; import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView; import com.jack.basemvp.R;
import com.jack.basemvp.api.NewsRxApi;
import com.jack.basemvp.bean.WeatherBean;
import com.jack.basemvp.api.WeatherApi;
import com.jack.basemvp.util.http.RetrofitServiceManager; import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit; import io.reactivex.Observable;
import io.reactivex.Observer;
import io.reactivex.android.schedulers.AndroidSchedulers;
import io.reactivex.annotations.NonNull;
import io.reactivex.disposables.Disposable;
import io.reactivex.schedulers.Schedulers;
import okhttp3.OkHttpClient;
import retrofit2.Call;
import retrofit2.Callback;
import retrofit2.Response;
import retrofit2.Retrofit;
import retrofit2.adapter.rxjava2.RxJava2CallAdapterFactory;
import retrofit2.converter.gson.GsonConverterFactory; public class RequestCommonActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
private TextView tv_result;
private Button btn_req1, btn_req2; @Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_request_common); initView();
} private void initView() {
tv_result = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tv_result);
btn_req1 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_req1);
btn_req2 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.btn_req2);
btn_req1.setOnClickListener(this);
btn_req2.setOnClickListener(this);
} @Override
public void onClick(View v) {
switch (v.getId()) {
case R.id.btn_req1:
requestWeather1();
break;
case R.id.btn_req2:
requestWeather2();
break;
}
} //get 请求 传一个参数到url中
private void requestWeather1() {
Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
.baseUrl(WeatherApi.BASE_URL)
.addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
.build();
WeatherApi api = retrofit.create(WeatherApi.class);
int cityId = ; //城市ID
api.weatherInfo(cityId).enqueue(new Callback<WeatherBean>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(Call<WeatherBean> call, Response<WeatherBean> response) {
try {
//date":"20","sunrise":"05:30","high":"高温 16.0℃","low":"低温 10.0℃",
WeatherBean.DataBean.ForecastBean todayBean = response.body().getData().getForecast().get();
tv_result.setText(
"date1:" + todayBean.getDate() + "\n"
+ "high:" + todayBean.getHigh() + "\n"
+ "low:" + todayBean.getLow() + "\n"
);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} @Override
public void onFailure(Call<WeatherBean> call, Throwable t) {
}
});
} //get 请求 传一个参数到url中
private void requestWeather2() {
Retrofit retrofit = new Retrofit.Builder()
.baseUrl(WeatherApi.BASE_URL)
.addConverterFactory(GsonConverterFactory.create())
.build();
Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("rand", "");
params.put("key", "4ea58de8a7573377cec0046f5e2469d5"); retrofit.create(WeatherApi.class).weatherInfo2(params).enqueue(new Callback<WeatherBean>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(Call<WeatherBean> call, Response<WeatherBean> response) {
try {
//date":"20","sunrise":"05:30","high":"高温 16.0℃","low":"低温 10.0℃",
WeatherBean.DataBean.ForecastBean todayBean = response.body().getData().getForecast().get();
tv_result.setText(
"date2:" + todayBean.getDate() + "\n"
+ "high:" + todayBean.getHigh() + "\n"
+ "low:" + todayBean.getLow() + "\n"
);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
} @Override
public void onFailure(Call<WeatherBean> call, Throwable t) {
}
});
} }
界面布局文件：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="match_parent"
android:orientation="vertical"
tools:context="activity.RequestCommonActivity"> <Button
android:id="@+id/btn_req1"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="普通请求-接口1"
android:textAllCaps="false" /> <Button
android:id="@+id/btn_req2"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="普通请求-接口2"
android:textAllCaps="false" /> <TextView
android:id="@+id/tv_result"
android:layout_width="match_parent"
android:layout_height="wrap_content"
android:text="结果展示" /> </LinearLayout>
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