gradle使用方法

创建一个项目

你可以通过创建一个build.gradle的文件来开始一个项目，然后可以向文件中加入构建逻辑。

$ mkdir basic-demo
$ cd basic-demo
$ touch build.gradle 

运行 tasks 命令

一个项目包含了一个多个tasks的集合，每个tasks都完成一个基本的操作

通过运行tasks命令可以查看项目中有哪些可用的tasks

$ gradle tasks
 
:tasks
 
------------------------------------------------------------
All tasks runnable from root project
------------------------------------------------------------
 
Build Setup tasks
-----------------
init - Initializes a new Gradle build.
wrapper - Generates Gradle wrapper files.
 
Help tasks
----------
buildEnvironment - Displays all buildscript dependencies declared in root project 'basic-demo'.
components - Displays the components produced by root project 'basic-demo'. [incubating]
dependencies - Displays all dependencies declared in root project 'basic-demo'.
dependencyInsight - Displays the insight into a specific dependency in root project 'basic-demo'.
dependentComponents - Displays the dependent components of components in root project 'basic-demo'. [incubating]
help - Displays a help message.
model - Displays the configuration model of root project 'basic-demo'. [incubating]
projects - Displays the sub-projects of root project 'basic-demo'.
properties - Displays the properties of root project 'basic-demo'.
tasks - Displays the tasks runnable from root project 'basic-demo'.
 
To see all tasks and more detail, run gradle tasks --all
 
To see more detail about a task, run gradle help --task <task>

创建gradle文件夹

wrapper task 创建一个gradle wrapper文件，这个wrapper文件包含一个小脚本、jar文件和属性文件，

这个wrapper文件可以让用户在没有装Gradle的情况下运行

产生的目录结构如下：

.
├── build.gradle
├── gradle
│   └── wrapper
│       ├── gradle-wrapper.jar
│       └── gradle-wrapper.properties
├── gradlew          //Wrapper script for Unix-based systems
└── gradlew.bat      //Wrapper script for Windows

运行 properties 命令

properties 命令告诉用户项目有哪些属性

:properties
 
------------------------------------------------------------
Root project
------------------------------------------------------------
 
buildDir: /Users/.../basic-demo/build
buildFile: /Users/.../basic-demo/build.gradle
description: null
group:
name: basic-demo
projectDir: /Users/.../basic-demo
version: unspecified
 
BUILD SUCCESSFUL

你可以改变许多用户属性，例如可以添加如下属性到build.gradle文件中：

description = 'A trivial Gradle build'
version = '1.0'

配置Gradle核心任务

Gradle本身有一个task库，你可以在自己的项目中配置这些task。例如，Copy是一个核心task，作用是复制文件。

1. 创建一个路径：src
2. 创建一个叫myfile.txt的文件到src下
3. 定义一个类型是Copy的叫做copy的任务，语法如下

   task copy(type: Copy) {
       from 'src'
       into 'dest'
   }

   执行copy任务：

   $ ./gradlew copy
    
   :copy

加入一个Hello World！任务

task hello {
    doLast {
        println 'Hello, World!'
    }
}

执行，输出 ：

$ ./gradlew hello
:hello
Hello, World!
 
BUILD SUCCESSFUL