linux系统安装mysql数据库

1、首先关闭linux的防火墙，执行命令

chkconfig iptables off

2、从mysql官网上下载自己适合的mysql版本https://dev.mysql.com/downloads/mysql/5.6.html#downloads，进入mysql官网，依次点击

3、下载后的mysql文件

mysql-5.6.40-linux-glibc2.12-i686.tar.gz

将下载好的mysql压缩文件放置在linux的/usr/local文件夹下，解压该压缩文件

 tar -zxvf mysql-5.6.40-linux-glibc2.12-i686.tar.gz

将解压后的文件重命名为mysql

mv mysql-5.6.40-linux-glibc2.12-i686 mysql

4、创建mysql用户组及用户

groupadd mysql
useradd -r -g mysql mysql

5、进入到mysql目录，执行添加MySQL配置的操作

cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
或：
cp support-files/my-default.cnf /etc/my.cnf

是否覆盖？按y 回车

6、编辑/etc/my.cnf文件；

vi /etc/my.cnf

在my.cnf文件中添加或者修改相关配置，更改完成后保存退出

 # For advice on how to change settings please see
 # http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.6/en/server-configuration-defaults.html
 # *** DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE. It's a template which will be copied to the
 # *** default location during install, and will be replaced if you
 # *** upgrade to a newer version of MySQL.
 
 [mysqld]
 
 # Remove leading # and set to the amount of RAM for the most important data
 # cache in MySQL. Start at 70% of total RAM for dedicated server, else 10%.
 # innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
 
 # Remove leading # to turn on a very important data integrity option: logging
 # changes to the binary log between backups.
 # log_bin
 
 # These are commonly set, remove the # and set as required.
 basedir = /usr/local/mysql
 datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data
 port = 3306
 # server_id = .....
 socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
 character-set-server = utf8
 skip-name-resolve
 log-err = /usr/local/mysql/data/error.log
 pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid
 
 # Remove leading # to set options mainly useful for reporting servers.
 # The server defaults are faster for transactions and fast SELECTs.
 # Adjust sizes as needed, experiment to find the optimal values.
 # join_buffer_size = 128M
 # sort_buffer_size = 2M
 # read_rnd_buffer_size = 2M 
 
 sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

7、在mysql当前目录下设定目录的访问权限（注意后面的小点，表示当前目录）

chown -R mysql .
chgrp -R mysql .
scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
chown -R root .
chown -R mysql data

8、初始化数据（在mysql/bin或者mysql/scripts下有个 mysql_install_db 可执行文件初始化数据库），进入mysql/bin或者mysql/scripts目录下，执行下面命令

./mysql_install_db --verbose --user=root --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --pid-file=/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql.pid --tmpdir=/tmp

9、启动mysql，进入/usr/local/mysql/bin目录，执行下面命令

./mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/etc/my.cnf --socket=/tmp/mysql.sock --user=root &

注意，如果光标停留在屏幕上，表示启动成功，需要我们先关闭shell终端，再开启一个新的shell终端，不要执行退出操作。如果出现 mysql ended这样的语句，表示Mysql没有正常启动，你可以到log中查找问题. 

10、设置开机启动，新开启shell中断后，进入mysql目录，执行下面命令

cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql

chmod 700 /etc/init.d/mysql
chkconfig --add mysqld
chkconfig --level 2345 mysqld on
chown mysql:mysql -R /usr/local/mysql/

重启linux

reboot

查看mysql状态

service mysqld status

11、添加远程访问权限

　　（1）、添加mysql命令

ln  -s /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql  /usr/bin  （mysql的安装路径）

　　（2）、更改访问权限

登录mysql,执行下面命令
mysql -uroot -p
密码为空直接回车,运行以下两条命令
GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON *.* TO 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'duan' with grant option;
Flush privileges;

退出mysql

exit

重启linux,就完成了

reboot

注：本机访问mysql，root账户默认是没有密码的，端口号默认3306，如果需要修改root账户密码，在/usr/local/mysql/bin目录下，执行下面命令

./mysqladmin -h 127.0.0.1 -P3306 -uroot password 'duan'exit