leetcode problem (2-4)
Problem 2 --- Add Two Numbers
简单的模拟题。
Problem 3 --- Longest Substring Without Repeating Characters
题意: 给定一个字符串序列,找出最长无重复的子序列。如"abcabcbb"的最长不重复子序列为"abc"
思路: 首先分配一个hashTable[256],里面保存每个字符在当前字符序列中的位置,同时设置left变量表示当前无重复字符串的最左端位置。然后从头到尾扫面字符串S,每扫描一个字符便更新相应的hashTable,同时当前序列长度len+1。
如果遇到的字符在当前子序列中有重复(即hashTable[elem] >= left),此时更新max和left: max = len > max ? len : max, left = hashtable[elem]。
最后返回max.
时间复杂度 O(n) 空间复杂度O(n)
代码:
class Solution {
public:
int lengthOfLongestSubstring(string s){
int max = ;
int index = ;
int len = ;
int left = ;
memset(m_hashTable, , sizeof(m_hashTable));
for (auto elem : s) {
if (m_hashTable[elem] != && m_hashTable[elem] >= left) {
max = max < len ? len : max;
left = m_hashTable[elem];
len = index - m_hashTable[elem];
}
++len;
m_hashTable[elem] = ++index;
}
max = max < len ? len : max;
return max;
}
private:
int m_hashTable[];
};
Problem 4 --- Median of Two Sorted Arrays
题意:给出两个已经排序好的数列,得到它们合并后的数列中位数。
思路: 这道题实际可以扩展为找到第k大的数。假定给出的序列为A[1..m]和B[1..n],合并后的序列为C[1..m+n]。
第一种方法,合并两个数组,直接返回C[k],简单。时间复杂度是O(n)
第二种方法是: 找到A[k/2]和B[k/2], 如果A[k/2] < B[k/2]。 那么说明A[1..k/2]一定在C[k]的左侧。因此可以分解为子问题:找到A[k/2+1..m]和B[1..n]的第k-k/2大数。最终用递归解此题。
时间复杂度O(logk)
代码:
class Solution {
public:
double findMedianSortedArrays(int A[], int m, int B[], int n) {
int total = m + n;
if (total & 0x01)
return findKth(A, m, B, n, total / + );
else
return (findKth(A, m, B, n, total / ) +
findKth(A, m, B, n, total / + )) / 2.0;
}
private:
int findKth(int A[], int m, int B[], int n, int k) {
if (m > n)
return findKth(B, n, A, m, k);
if (m == )
return B[k-];
if (k == )
return min(A[], B[]);
int posA = min(k/, m), posB = k - posA;
if (A[posA - ] < B[posB - ])
return findKth(A + posA, m - posA, B, n, k - posA);
else if (A[posA - ] > B[posB - ])
return findKth(A, m, B + posB, n - posB, k - posB);
else
return A[posA-];
}
};
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