批量Linux 网络安装环境建立工具cobbler/kickstart

批量Linux 网络安装环境建立工具
网络安装服务器套件:
     Cobbler(Red Hat 2008年发布的项目)
    Kickstart(Red Hat08年前项目,相关脚本令人望而却步,现今应用渐移cobbler,在cobbler中仅遗骨架,事件类似于perl用户遗向pythno)

相关名词ruiy哥就真不想解释了,很明显这个　　baidu/google是专家　　ruiy哥不是,再说了ruiy哥也就那两板斧子哈,;

技术细节=> PXE(Pre-boot Execution Environment),DHCP,TFTP

在此问看管们个ruiy哥所不解之谜题?为什么赵高可以指鹿为马?

ruiy哥为事遵循,严谨高效,务实实干;

凡是开心就好,朋友交的是真心,不是假意;

1,epel
wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/x86_64/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm  #CentOS 5.x 64位
wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/5/i386/epel-release-5-4.noarch.rpm  #CentOS 5.x 32位
wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm  #CentOS6.x 64位

wget http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/i386/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm  #CentOS6.x 32位

2,安装cobbler
yum  install cobbler tftp tftp-server xinetd  dhcp  httpd  rsync  #安装cobbler

yum  install  pykickstart  debmirror  python-ctypes   cman   #安装运行cobbler需要的软件包

Python Web Server Gateway Interface (wsgi,wsgi.conf)
3,cobbler配置

设置http服务

vi /etc/httpd/conf.d/wsgi.conf

LoadModule wsgi_module modules/mod_wsgi.so  #取消前面的注释

设置tftp服务开机启动

vi  /etc/cobbler/tftpd.template

设置rsync服务开机启动

vi /etc/xinetd.d/rsync

/etc/init.d/xinetd start  #启动（CentOS中是以xinetd 来管理Rsync和tftp服务的）

配置cobbler相关参数

vi /etc/debmirror.conf  #注释掉 @dists 和 @arches 两行

#@dists="sid";

#@arches="i386";

openssl passwd -1 -salt 'ruiy' ''  #生成默认模板下系统安装完成之后root账号登录密码

vi /etc/cobbler/settings

修改与下几行成

default_password_crypted: "添加上面生成的秘钥,这里填写你自己的哈"

next_server: 192.168.1.109

server: 192.168.1.109

manage_dhcp: 1

default_kickstart: /var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/default.ks

配置dhcp服务器

vi /etc/cobbler/dhcp.template #编辑，修改

subnet 192.168.1.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 { #设置网段

option routers             192.168.1.109; #设置网关

option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8,8.8.4.4; #设置dns服务器地址

option subnet-mask         255.255.255.0; #设置子网掩码

range dynamic-bootp        192.168.1.110 192.168.1.150;  #设置dhcp服务器IP地址租用的范围

vi /etc/sysconfig/dhcpd   #指定DHCP服务的网络接口

DHCPDARGS=eth0

dhcpd  #测试dhcp服务器配置是否正确

chkconfig dhcpd on   #设置开机启动

chkconfig cobblerd on   #设置开机启动

service cobblerd start  #启动cobbler

cobbler get-loaders  #安装cobbler相关工具包，否则检查cobbler配置会报错

cobbler sync  #同步配置文件到dhcp服务器

service dhcpd start    #启动dhcp服务

设置cobbler相关服务启动脚本

vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/cobbler #编辑，添加以下代码

#!/bin/sh

# chkconfig: - 80 90

# description:cobbler

case $1 in

start)

/etc/init.d/httpd start

/etc/init.d/xinetd start

/etc/init.d/dhcpd start

/etc/init.d/cobblerd start

;;

stop)

/etc/init.d/httpd stop

/etc/init.d/xinetd stop

/etc/init.d/dhcpd stop

/etc/init.d/cobblerd stop

;;

restart)

/etc/init.d/httpd restart

/etc/init.d/xinetd restart

/etc/init.d/dhcpd restart

/etc/init.d/cobblerd restart

;;

status)

/etc/init.d/httpd status

/etc/init.d/xinetd status

/etc/init.d/dhcpd status

/etc/init.d/cobblerd status

;;

sync)

cobbler sync

;;

*)

echo "Input error,please in put 'start|stop|restart|status|sync'!";

exit 2>&1 >/dev/null &

;;

esac

chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/cobbler  #添加脚本执行权限

chkconfig cobbler on  #添加开机启动

service cobbler  restart  #重启cobbler

cobbler  check  #检查cobbler配置

4,挂载系统安装镜像到http服务器站点目录

mount -t iso9660 -o rw,loop /usr/local/src/CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso  /var/www/html/os/CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1 #挂载系统镜像(自行确保相关目录已存在)

vi /etc/fstab   #添加以下代码。实现开机自动挂载

/usr/local/src/CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1.iso   /var/www/html/os/CentOS-6.5-x86_64-bin-DVD1   iso9660    defaults,ro,loop  0 0

5,创建kickstarts自动安装脚本

/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/CentOS-5.10-x86_64.ks  #创建CentOS6安装脚本可下载从如下链接

vi /var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror/config/autoip.sh  #创建脚本，自动设置Linux系统静态IP地址、DNS、网关、计算机名称

#!/bin/sh

ROUTE=$(route -n|grep "^0.0.0.0"|awk '{print $2}')

BROADCAST=$(/sbin/ifconfig eth0|grep -i bcast|awk '{print $3}'|awk -F":" '{print $2}')

HWADDR=$(/sbin/ifconfig eth0|grep -i HWaddr|awk '{print $5}')

IPADDR=$(/sbin/ifconfig eth0|grep "inet addr"|awk '{print $2}'|awk -F":" '{print $2}')

NETMASK=$(/sbin/ifconfig eth0|grep "inet addr"|awk '{print $4}'|awk -F":" '{print $2}')

cat >/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0<<EOF

DEVICE=eth0

BOOTPROTO=static

BROADCAST=$BROADCAST

HWADDR=$HWADDR

IPADDR=$IPADDR

NETMASK=$NETMASK

GATEWAY=$ROUTE

ONBOOT=yes

EOF

IPADDR1=$(echo $IPADDR|awk -F"." '{print $4}')

cat >/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1<<EOF

DEVICE=eth1

BOOTPROTO=static

BROADCAST=10.0.0.255

HWADDR=$(/sbin/ifconfig eth1|grep -i HWaddr|awk '{print $5}')

IPADDR=10.0.0.$IPADDR1

NETMASK=255.255.255.0

ONBOOT=yes

EOF

HOSTNAME=ruiy_$(echo $IPADDR|awk -F"." '{print $4}')

cat >/etc/sysconfig/network<<EOF

NETWORKING=yes

NETWORKING_IPV6=no

HOSTNAME=$HOSTNAME

GATEWAY=$ROUTE

EOF

echo "127.0.0.1  $HOSTNAME" >> /etc/hosts

hostname=$HOSTNAME

echo "nameserver  8.8.8.8"  > /etc/resolv.conf

echo "nameserver  8.8.4.4" >> /etc/resolv.conf

6,导入系统镜像到cobbler

cobbler import --path=/var/www/html/os/Centos/ --name=CentOS --arch=x86_64

系统镜像导入目录/var/www/cobbler/ks_mirror

导入镜像有点小消耗,务必请你耐心等候,毕竟镜像size =4.2G左右;

命令格式：cobbler import --path=镜像路径 -- name=安装引导名 --arch=32位或64位

重复上面的操作，把其他的系统镜像文件导入到cobbler

八、设置profile，按照操作系统版本分别关联系统镜像文件和kickstart自动安装文件

在第一次导入系统镜像时，cobbler会给安装镜像指定一个默认的kickstart自动安装文件

例如：CentOS6-x86_64版本的kickstart自动安装文件为：/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/sample.ks

查看profile

cobbler profile report --name  CentOS6-x86_64  #查看profile设置

cobbler distro report --name CentOS6-x86_64 #查看安装镜像文件信息

cobbler profile remove --name=CentOS6-x86_64  #移除profile

cobbler profile remove --name=CentOS6-x86_64
cobbler profile add --name=CentOS6-x86_64 --distro=CentOS6-x86_64 --kickstart=/var/lib/cobbler/kickstarts/Centos6.ks

要是虚拟机的话,请设置网络桥接

有点小问题,Repairing;