aws常用命令

EC2

---

1. 挂载 EBS

   • linux
     • 查看块设备： lsblk
     • 格式化磁盘： sudo mkfs -t ext4 /dev/xvdb
     • 挂载卷： sudo mount /dev/xvdb /mnt/mydir
     • 卸载卷： sudo umount /dev/xvdb
   • windows 
     • diskpart
     • san policy=onlineall
     • list disk
     • disk yourdiskid
     • attributes disk clear readonly
     • online disk

2. 实例操作

   • aws ec2 describe-instances
   • aws ec2 describe-instances --instance-ids "instanceid1" "instanceid2"
   • aws ec2 start-instances --instance-ids "instanceid1" "instanceid2"
   • aws ec2 stop-intances --instance-ids "instanceid1" "instanceid2"
   • aws ec2 run-instances --image-id ami-b6b62b8f --security-group-ids sg-xxxxxxxx --key-name mytestkey --block-device-mappings "[{\"DeviceName\": \"/dev/sdh\",\"Ebs\":{\"VolumeSize\":100}}]" --instance-type t2.medium --count 1 --subnet-id subnet-e8330c9c --associate-public-ip-address
     (Note: 若不指定subnet-id则会在默认vpc中去选，此时若指定了非默认vpc的安全组会出现请求错误。如无特殊要求，建议安全组和子网都不指定，就不会出现这种问题。)

3. 查看region与AZ

   • aws ec2 describe-region
   • aws ec2 describe-availability-zones --region region-name

4. 查看实例元数据和用户数据

   • curl http://192.168.253.124/latest/meta-data／
   • curl http://192.168.253.124/latest/user-data／

5. 查看ami

   • aws ec2 describe-images

6. key-pair

   • aws ec2 create-key-pair --key-name mykeyname

7. 安全组

   • aws ec2 create-security-group --group-name mygroupname --description mydescription --vpc-id vpc-id(若不指定vpc，则在默认vpc中创建安全组)
   • aws ec2 authorize-security-group-ingress --group-id sg-xxxxyyyy --protocol tcp --port 22 --cidr 0.0.0.0/0
   • aws ec2 authorize-security-group-ingress --group-id sg-xxxxyyyy --protocol tcp --port 9999 --source-group sg-xxxxxxxx

AutoScaling

---

1. 列出AS组
   • aws autoscaling describe-auto-scaling-groups
2. 列出AS实例 
   • aws autoscaling describe-auto-scaling-instances --instance-ids [instance-id-1 instance-id-2 ...]
3. 从组中分离实例 
   • aws autoscaling detach-instances --auto-scaling-group-name myasgroup --instance-ids instanceid1 instanceid2 [--should-decrement-desired-capacity|--no-should-decrement-desired-capacity]
4. 附加实例到组 
   • aws autoscaling attach-instances --auto-scaling-group-name myasgroup --instance-ids instanceid1 instanceid2
5. 挂起AS流程 
   • aws autoscaling suspend-process --auto-scaling-group-name myasgroup --scaling-processes AZRebalance|AlarmNotification|...
6. 删除AS组 
   • aws autoscaling delete-auto-scaling-group --auto-scaling-group-name myasgroup

S3

---

1. 查看

   • aws s3 ls
   • aws s3 ls s3://bucket
   • aws s3 ls s3://bucket/prefix

2. 拷贝

   • aws s3 cp /to/local/path s3://bucket/prefix
   • aws s3 cp s3://bucket/prefix /to/local/path
   • aws s3 cp s3://bucket1/prefix1 s3://bucket2/prefix2

3. 同步

   • aws sync [--delete] /to/local/dir s3://bucket/prefixdir
   • aws sync [--delete] s3://bucket/prefixdir /to/local/dir
   • aws sync [--delete] s3://bucket1/prefixdir1 s3://bucket2/prefixdir2

4. 手动分片上传

   • 文件分片
     • split -b 40m myfile myfile-part-
   • 创建分片上传任务 
     • aws s3api create-multipart-upload --bucket bucketname --key prefix

   • 记录返回值

     {
         "Bucket": "bucketname",
         "UploadId": "uploadeid",
         "Key": "prefix"
     }

     • 1
     • 2
     • 3
     • 4
     • 5

   • 上传分片

     • aws s3api upload-part --bucket bucketname --key prefix --part-number [分片上传编号(e.g. 1,2,3...)] --body myfile-[x] --upload-id uploadid
   • 列出已上传分片，创建分片结构文件 
     • aws s3api list-parts --bucket bucketname --key prefix --upload-id uploadid
     • 将上命令结果中的parts部分保存为 temp 文件 
       
{"Parts": [ 
{ 
"PartNumber": 1, 
"ETag": "\"xxxxxxx\"" 
}, 
{ 
"PartNumber": 2, 
"ETag": "\"xxxxxxxx\"" 
} 
] 
} 

   • 结束分片上传任务 
     • aws s3api complete-multipart-upload --multipart-upload file://temp --bucket bucketname --key prefix --upload-id uploadid

IAM

---

1. Role 操作
   • aws iam create-role MY-ROLE-NAME --assum-role-policy-document file://path/to/trustpolicy.json
   • aws iam put-role-policy --role-name MY-ROLE-NAME --policy-name MY-PERM-POLICY --policy-document file://path/to/permissionpolicy.json
   • aws iam create-instance-profile --instance-profile-name MY-INSTANCE-PROFILE
   • aws iam add-role-to-instance-profile --instance-profile-name MY-INSTANCE-PROFILE --role-name MY-ROLE-NAME

AUTO-SCALING

1. 查看信息
   • aws autoscaling describe-auto-scaling-groups
   • aws autoscaling describe-auto-scaling-instances

STS

---

1. 代入ROLE的EC2实例的临时认证信息
   • curl http://169.254.169.254/latest/meta-data／iam/security-credentials/ROLE-NAME

kinesis

---

1. 创建流
   • aws kinesis create-stream –stream-name mystream –shard-count
2. 列出流 
   • aws kinesis list-streams
3. 获取指定流的分片迭代器 
   • aws kinesis get-shard-iterator –stream-name mystream –shard-id shard-1 –shard-iterator-type TRIM_HORIZON
4. 发送数据到流 
   • aws kinesis put-record –stream-name mystream –partition-key mykey –data test
5. 获取流数据 
   • aws kinesis get-records –shard-iterator myiterator

创建一个Key，查看内容并生成pem文件。

aws ec2 create-key-pair --key-name MyCypayTestCalifornia --query 'KeyMaterial' \
 --output text > MyTestCalifornia.pem

创建一个VPC安全组

aws ec2 create-security-group --group-name MyCATest --description MyCATest \
--vpc-id vpc-efxxxx8a

列举当前安全组名称和ID

aws ec2 describe-security-groups  --query SecurityGroups[*].[GroupName,GroupId,VpcId]

添加安全组规则

aws ec2 authorize-security-group-ingress --group-id sg-d1xxxxb4 --protocol tcp \
--port 22 --cidr 202.x.x.120/29  --protocol tcp --port 8080-8082 --cidr 10.10.0.0/16 \
--protocol tcp --port 80 --cidr 0.0.0.0/0

查看当前安全组规则

aws ec2 describe-security-groups --group-ids  sg-d1xxxxb4

创建实例

aws ec2 run-instances --image-id ami-7axxxx3f --count 1 --instance-type t1.micro \
--key-name MyTestCalifornia --security-group-ids sg-dxxxxbb4 \
--placement AvailabilityZone=us-west-1c --subnet-id subnet-5exxxx3b \
--block-device-mappings "[{\"DeviceName\": \"/dev/sdf\",\"Ebs\":{\"VolumeSize\":100}}]"\
--user-data  "/sbin/mkfs.ext4 /dev/xvdf && /bin/mount /dev/xvdf /home"

##注释
--image-id 指定AMI ID
--key-name 可选，登录服务器用
--placement AvailabilityZone=us-west-1c  选择AZ，此项可选，有默认值
--block-device-mappings "[{\"DeviceName\": \"/dev/sdf\",\"Ebs\":{\"VolumeSize\":100}}]"
再额外加100G的EBS磁盘，记得在powershell或者在CMD下双引号需要转义
如果size大于快照大小，需要开机后用resize2fs命令在线动态扩展文件系统
size小于快照中的大小则不生效，按照快照中的磁盘大小创建
--user-data  "/sbin/mkfs.ext4 /dev/xvdf && /bin/mount /dev/xvdf /home"
指定开机初始化脚本，可用file://xxxx.sh 来指定网络或者本地文件

给实例打标签

aws ec2 create-tags --resources i-3xxxxb6d --tags Key=Name,Value=APITest \
 Key=PROJECT,Value=cypay

创建个EIP

aws ec2 allocate-address --domain vpc
{
   "PublicIp": "54.x.x.12",
   "Domain": "vpc",
   "AllocationId": "eipalloc-axxxxxcd"
}

将VPC中的EIP与VPC中的实例关联

aws ec2 associate-address --instance-id i-3xxxxx6d --allocation-id eipalloc-afxxxx8cd

此时可以ssh链接自己的实例

ssh -i MyTestCalifornia.pem  ec2-user@54.x.x.12

列举出所有用户和他的AccessKey ID

aws iam list-users --query 'Users[*].[UserName,CreateDate,UserId]' --output table

列举出当前实例的相关信息

aws ec2 describe-instances --query 'Reservations[*].Instances[*].[InstanceId, \
 Placement.AvailabilityZone, State.Name,  InstanceType, PublicIpAddress, \
PrivateIpAddress, Tags[0].Value, Tags[1].Value]' --output text