WebApi系列~实际项目中如何使用HttpClient向web api发异步Get和Post请求并且参数于具体实体类型

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本讲比较实际，在WEB端有一个Index和Create方法，用来从web api显示实体列表数据和向api插入实体对象，这就是以往的网站，只不过是把数据持久化过程放到了web pai上面，它的优势不用说，就是跨平台，跨语言，这其实是restFul的功功，一切通讯都变得那个简易，清晰！你再也不用引用程序集了...

先看一下实体的具体效果

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" alt="" />

我们看到如图，它们在取数据和插数据的时间，走的都是restful标准，都是通过web api实现的，当然，对于通讯来说，要求你的实体必须是可序列化的，这是正常的，而且对于EF来说，很容易办这事，只要修改T4模版就可以搞定。

看一下具体web api代码，采用unity实现的注入，后台BLL层使用了cache机制，可以实现EntLib和redis两种方式进行持久化,可以通过配置文件实现切换，对于数据持久化方式，实现了ef和redis的动态切换

Api代码

    /// <summary>
    /// 用户业务接口
    /// </summary>
    public class UserController : ApiController
    {
        IUserService userService;

        public UserController()
        {
            userService = ServiceLocator.Instance.GetService<IUserService>();
        }
        // GET api/user
        public IEnumerable<WebManageUsers> Get()
        {
            return userService.GetWebManageUsers(new PageParameters(, ));
        }

        // GET api/user/5
        public WebManageUsers Get(int id)
        {
            return userService.GetWebManageUser(i => i.ManageUserID == id);
        }

        // POST api/user
        public void Post([FromBody]WebManageUsers value)
        {
            userService.InsertManageUsers(value);
        }

        // PUT api/user/5
        public void Put(int id, [FromBody]WebManageUsers value)
        {
            var entity = userService.GetWebManageUser(i => i.ManageUserID == id);
            if (entity != null)
            {
                entity = value.MapTo<WebManageUsers>();
                userService.ModifyManageUsers(entity);
            }
        }

        // DELETE api/user/5
        public void Delete(int id)
        {
            userService.DeleteManageUsers(new WebManageUsers { ManageUserID = id });
        }
    }

Client端代码，使用HttpClient实现异步通讯

    public class HomeController : Controller
    {
        private HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
        private string url = "http://localhost:52824/api/user";
        private JsonMediaTypeFormatter formatter = System.Web.Http.GlobalConfiguration.Configuration.Formatters.Where(f =>
        {
            return f.SupportedMediaTypes.Any(v => v.MediaType.Equals("application/json", StringComparison.CurrentCultureIgnoreCase));
        }).FirstOrDefault() as JsonMediaTypeFormatter;

        public async Task<ActionResult> Index()
        {
            var data = await client.GetAsync(url);
            return View(data.Content.ReadAsAsync<IEnumerable<WebManageUsers>>());
        }

        public ActionResult Create()
        {
            return View();
        }
        [HttpPost]
        public async Task<ActionResult> Create(WebManageUsers entity)
        {
            entity.Password = string.Empty;
            entity.Status = ;
            entity.CreateDate = DateTime.Now;
            entity.UpdateDate = DateTime.Now;
            entity.Description = string.Empty;
            entity.Operator = string.Empty;
            entity.RealName = string.Empty;
            entity.WebSystemID = ;
            entity.DepartmentID = ;
            var handler = new HttpClientHandler() { AutomaticDecompression = DecompressionMethods.GZip };
            using (var http = new HttpClient(handler))
            {
                var response = await http.PostAsync<WebManageUsers>(url, entity, formatter);
                return RedirectToAction("Index");
            }
        }
    }

我们通过上面的例子可以看到，在client端与api进行通讯时，使用了实体类型，并没有进行JSON拼串，这是友好的，事实上，这个过程是.net为我们实现了，当然你要首先指定它的JSON持久化功能代码，如图

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" alt="" />

好了，对于基于实体的Web api通讯就说到这里了，感谢阅读！

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